Lapho bekhuluma ngemfanelo yama-gooseberries, phakathi kwabanye, basho kuphela isivuno sayo esizinzileyo. Ukusuka unyaka nonyaka entwasahlobo, ama-bush ambozwe kakhulu ngezimbali, ezithathelwa indawo ngama-ovari amaningi, bese amajikijolo.
Esikhathini eside, bekukholelwa ukuthi ama-gooseberries azo zonke izinhlobo abopha izithelo futhi kusuka ekuvinjelweni ngempova yazo, ngakho-ke, amasimu anhlobo olulodwa ayevame ukutshala. Kamuva kwatholakala ukuthi yize i-gooseberry ibonakala ngokuzimela okuphezulu, iziqu zayo ziyehluka kakhulu ngezinhlobonhlobo - zisuka kuma-25 ziye kuma-73%. Kukhona nezinye izinhlobo zokuzenzela ezingavuthisi kuphela ezingakhiqiza izitshalo kuphela lapho kukhona impova yezangaphandle (Rekhoda), noma ezinciphile ukuzala (Weak-thorny-3, Chelyabinsk green, Black Sea). Futhi isivuno sabo lapho sithuthelwa impova ngolunye uhlobo sikhula kakhulu. Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo eziboshwe kahle amajikijolo kusuka ekuzingcoliseni - isiRussia, iPlum, Guqula, iPrunes, iJubilee, iKolobok nezinye.
I-Gooseberry (i-Gooseberry)Noma kunjalo, le ndlela yokwenza impova igcinelwe isiko. Kuqala ukusebenza ngaphansi kwezimo ezingezinhle ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwezimbali, lapho indiza yezinambuzane ilinganiselwe kakhulu (amazinga okushisa aphansi, izimvula, umoya onamandla) - indlela eyinhloko futhi ekhethwayo ngisho nezinhlobo ezicebile kakhulu ukungcola kwesiphambano, lapho kufika khona ama-70-80% amajikijolo. Imvelo uqobo yaqikelela ukuthi ukuvumbuluka kwemvelo kwenzeka kuma-gooseberries: izici zezinto eziphilayo zembali nokuthi isitshalo esihle kakhulu sikaju. Umsuka wezimbali ezinothukela usheha izinyosi. Lapho kungcoliswa impova eyisihambi, akukhona nje ukuthi ukuqina kwama berry kukhuphuka izikhathi ezi-1.5-2, kepha isisindo sazo siphinde sikhuphuke, izithelo zihambisana kakhulu, azonakalisiwe kangako phakathi kwazo.
Impova yezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene iyaphawuleka ngekhwalithi yayo; kwabanye ngokuvamile ayisebenzi. Ngakho-ke, esivandeni kungcono ukukhetha izinhlobo ezintathu noma ezine kubhekwa ukungcola kwazo okuhambisanayo noma ukusebenzisa ama-pollinators asendaweni yonke: isiRussia (ipollinator ephelele yezinhlobo eziningi), i-Plum, Pink 2, Yubileiny, Chelyabinsk eluhlaza.
Ukwakheka okuhle kwesihlahla kusuka ekutshaleni, ekutheneni okuvamile, kucatshangelwa izici zemvelo zezinhlobonhlobo, ukunakekelwa okuhle, iminyaka yesitshalo futhi, ukukhethwa kwezinhlobonhlobo, akunawo umthelela omncane usayizi nekhwalithi yesitshalo. Umswakama owanele ngoMeyi-Juni, lapho isibeletho sikhula ngokuqinile, sinomthelela ekwandeni kwesisindo samajikijolo ngezikhathi eziyi-1.5-2. Izimo ezingezinhle engxenyeni yesibili yehlobo (ikakhulukazi ukusilela komswakama) zingathinta kabi ukubekwa kwesilimo sonyaka olandelayo.
I-Gooseberry (i-Gooseberry)Kuyemukelwa ngokuvamile ukuthi, ngenxa yokuvumelana nezimo zayo, ama-gooseberry athatha indawo yokuqala eyodwa ngokwezwi lokukhiqizwa phakathi kwezilimo ze-berry. Noma ezimweni ezinzima zase-Urals naseSiberia, isivuno esiphakathi esihlahleni singama-2-5 kg. Engxenyeni yaseYurophu yezwe, amathuba ayo angahle abonakaliswe kabanzi. Lapha, ngokwesilinganiso, ama-5-10 kg amajikijolo avuthiwe avunwa esihlahleni eseminyakeni ekhiqizayo, futhi ngokunakekelwa okuhle, kunengqondo ukuthola izithelo ezingama-15-20. Izinhlobo zasendlini zohlobo lwe-American-European hybrids zinezithelo kakhulu ezimeni zesimanje zezolimo: Plum, Malachite, Russian, uCaptain waseNyakatho, uYubileiny, uSadko, uRodnik, uSmena, uBaltic, uYubilyar, uConsul, uChernomor, ovela ezinhlotsheni zakwamanye amazwe - uHinnonmaen punainen nosuku oludala. Ukwenza kancane kancane kwaba buthaka kumazinga weCentral chernozem zone kwaqapheleka ezinhlotsheni i-Ogni Krasnodar, iLeningradets, Medovy, Eaglet.
Akubalulekanga kangako, futhi kwesinye isikhathi okubaluleke kakhulu, kuyikhwalithi yamajikijolo, kunqunywa ukubukeka, ukunambitheka nokuqukethwe kwezinto ezisebenzayo eziphilayo kuzo. Isisindo esijwayelekile sisukela ku-1.7 kuya ku-6-7 g, ubude - ukusuka ku-12 kuye ku-30 mm. Izinhlobonhlobo ezinezithelo ezisezingeni eliphakathi nendawo naphakathi zinqoba: Izwe laseRussia, iKrasnoslavyansk, eliphuzi laseRussia, uSalut, uSirius, uPrunes, uYubilyar, uShalun, uBaltic (3.5-4 g), uChernomor, uMasheka, uHinnonmaen punainen, ukaputeni wasenyakatho (3.0- 3.5 g). Izinhlobo Ziguquka, iLollipop, i-Afrika, iHorton ziphakathi kwezithelo ezincane. Izindimbane ezinkulu kunazo zonke zihlukaniswa yiPlum, intwasahlobo, i-Pink 2, i-Pink Pink, iDonetsk enkulu enezithelo, iMalachite, iFenike, i-Belarusian Sugar, i-Carpathians (5-7 g). Lokhu kungamanani edatha yesikhathi eside, isisindo esiphezulu samajikijolo singadlula kakhulu izinkomba ezinjalo.
Ukwakheka kwamajikijolo kuyahlukahluka kusuka kumjikelezo (Kolobok) kuya ku-oval (Russian) ne-drop-shape (Grossular). Izinhlobo zeLeningrad, i-Original Pink, iSouvenir, iKrasnoslavyansky zine-pubescent kuya kumajikijolo ahlukahlukene. Izinhlobo eziningi zinezithelo ezibomvu noma eziluhlaza okomhlobiso ohlukahlukene.
Iqembu elincane lezinhlobo ezinezithelo ezinombala ophuzi, okumanje zithandwa kakhulu (i-Russian Yellow, Yubileiny, Kursu dzintars). Izinhlobo ze-Aronia ezicebile kuma-polyphenols asakazekile: Chernomor, Prunes, ukaputeni waseNyakatho, i-Eaglet. Izinhlobonhlobo ezinombala wokuqala wamajikijolo ziqhakazile: ukhilimu-orange (Masheka), oluhlaza we-emerald (Malachite).
I-Gooseberry (i-Gooseberry)Umbhali: E.Yu. Koveshnikova VNIIS im. I-I.V.Michurina, Michurinsk
