Okunhlobonhlobo cherries Turgenevka noma njengoba ibizwa nangokuthi iTurgenevskaya, yaphila ngo-1979. Izinhlobo zomzali kwakungu-Cherry Zhukovskaya. Inzuzo enkulu yeTurgenevka ukumelana nesithwathwa, yize, njengazo zonke izihlahla zezithelo, kuthinta kabi ukubanda lapho kuqhakaza izimbali nokushintsha okungazelelwe kwezinga lokushisa. Kufanele futhi kukhunjulwe ukuthi isivuno singatholakala kuphela ngonyaka wesihlanu wokutshala. Kepha ngokuvamile, izinhlobonhlobo zizisungule kahle futhi zisetshenziselwa kabanzi ukulinyelwa kweziningi ezingadini.
Incazelo yezinhlobo nezithombe zama-cherries Turgenevka
I-Cherry inobude obuphakathi (hhayi ngaphezu kwamamitha amathathu), umqhele wenziwa ngokuya ngomgomo wepiramidi engafakwanga enamagatsha angenawo amnyama kakhulu. Ngomnyaka wesihlanu wokuphila kwesihlahla, ubukhulu bomqhele bungaba imitha eli-1. Isiqu ngokwaso namagatsha amakhulu anombala onsundu ngopende ompunga, kanti amahlumela amancane ansundu.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi izinso zohlobo lwe-Turgenevka cherry, ezinesimo sesigaxa, zihamba zisuka empunzini. Bafinyelela ku-0.5 cm ubude. Iqabunga le-Cherry - luhlaza okotshani obukhazikhazi, ophakeme ezinhlangothini zombili, ngesimo esifana nesikebhe.
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, i-cherry iqala ukuthela izithelo kusuka ngonyaka wesihlanu ngemuva kokutshala isihlahla, futhi ngokunakekelwa okufanele, ingaphila iminyaka engama-25. Ukuvunwa emthini owodwa omncane kufinyelela uphawu lwe-10 kg, futhi i-cherry endala ingakhiqiza ama-25 kg amajikijolo.
I-Turgenevskaya cherry blooms eshumini lesibili likaMeyi, ine-inflorescence yezimbali ezi-4 ezinamaphara amhlophe. Ama-Cherry aqala ukuvuthwa ekuqaleni kukaJulayi. Amajikijolo akhula emabhulashini ama-cherries amane anombala obomvu ojulile, abumba okufana nenhliziyo. Ama-petioles anobude obungu-2 cm. Izithelo ezinkulu (ezinesisindo esifinyelela ku-5 g) zinambitheka ngokunambitheka, zinamakha amancane kakhulu. Ithambo lihlukanisa kahle, futhi ngesisindo lingama-8% kuphela esisindo se-fetus (0.4 g). Ngenxa yalokhu, iTurgenevka ithole ukuqashelwa emkhakheni we-Culinary. Kepha kufanelekile ukubheka ukuthi uma ukhetha ama-cherries ngaphambi kokuba avuthwe, azoba omuncu.
Phakathi kwencazelo yezinzuzo ze-Turgenevka Cher, okuhle kwayo kuyahlukaniswa:
- umkhiqizo;
- ukumelana nesithwathwa;
- ukumelana nezifo.
Ukukhethwa kwezithombe zama-cherries Turgenevka:
Ukukhetha kanye nokutshala izithombo ezihlukile zamakhherubi
Ukuze ungazisoli isikhathi esilahlekile nemali esetshenziswe esikhathini esizayo, okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthengwa ngobuningi kohlobo olulodwa, lapho ukhetha isithombo esizohlwanyelwa, kubalulekile ukuwuhlolisisa ngokucophelela ukuze ungowezinhlobonhlobo ozifunayo. Kuyafaneleka ukubheka ukuthi isithombo sonyaka se-cherry siba nobukhulu obunjalo:
- ubude bohlelo lwezimpande okungenani buyi-20 cm;
- ukujikeleza kwe-trunk - kusuka ku-10 kuye ku-12 cm;
- ukuphakama okuphelele kwesithombo akusikho ngaphansi kwemitha.
Akufanele kunakwe okungatheni ezimpandeni nasegatsheni - kumele kube okuqinile futhi okusebenzayo.
Izinhlobo zase-Turgenevka cherry zidinga ama-pollinators, ngoba zingezinhlobonhlobo ezithile zokuzimela. Ama-cherries ezinhlobonhlobo zentsha, iLyubsky, Favorit neMelitopol injabulo izohambisana kangcono nalo msebenzi. Lapho utshala izihlahla, ibanga phakathi kwezinhlobo zempova akufanele libe ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-40. Kulesi siza phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo awukwazi ukutshala ezinye izihlahla ukuze zingabekwa ngaphansi kokuphanza.
Endabeni lapho kungenakukhula khona ipollinator eduzane, ungatshala igatsha kuyo kwi-Turgenevskaya cherry. I-Priva yenziwa emqheleni. Uma igatsha elixhunyiwe lingazange livele, njengenketho ezungeze ama-cherries aseTurgenevka abeka izisekelo ngamanzi lapho kufanele kufakwe khona amahlumela aqhakaza ezinhlobonhlobo ze-pollinator.
Ukutshala nokunakekela ama-cherries waseTurgenevskaya empeleni akufani nezincomo zezinye izinhlobo zam Cherry. ITurgenevka itshalwe entwasahlobo. Lapho ubeka ingadi, izithombo zitshalwa kude ngamamitha ayi-2 ukusuka komunye nomunye. Lapho ukhetha indawo yokutshala, aqondiswa yiqiniso lokuthi ama-cherries athanda ukukhanyiswa okuhle futhi asaba okubhaliwe, umswakama ophezulu kanye ne-acidity enhlabathini.
Izithombo zithathwa zingadluli eminyakeni emibili, ngoba ukwandisa iminyaka yezithombo kukuthinta kabi ukusinda kwayo.
Ukutshala isithombo okulandelayo Bamba umgodi wokufika 85 cm ububanzi kanye no-45 cm ngokujulile. Inhlabathi ephuma emgodini ixubene ne-humus (1 ibhakede), umlotha wezinkuni (400 g), i-superphosphate (200 g) nomanyolo we-potassium (50 g). Inhlabathi ye-Acidic kumele ilinganise (200 g ngomthombo ngamunye), nenhlabathi yobumba kufanele ihlanjululwe ngesihlabathi (1 ibhakede). Faka isithombo emgodini, uqonde izimpande bese ugcwalisa ngomhlaba, ushiye intamo yezimpande ngaphezu komhlabathi.
Ukuvimbela amanzi ukuthi angagelezi ngesikhathi sokunisela, bopha irowu kusuka enhlabathini ezungeze isihlahla. Okulandelayo, lesi yisithombo siniselwa kakhulu futhi sinamekwe nxazonke nge-mulch (i-peat noma i-humus). Ukwakha ukwesekwa, faka isikhonkwane eduze kwesithombo bese ubopha.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-cherry okusha
Isisekelo sokunakekelwa kokutshala okuncane ukuthambisa kwabo. Kufanele kube njalo futhi kube maningi, kepha ngasikhathi sinye kubalulekile ukuvimbela ukungahambi kahle kwamanzi, ngoba lokhu kuzoholela ekubambeni kwezimpande. Ngakho-ke, kufanele iniselwe njengoba umphezulu waphezulu ukhuphuka.
Njengoba umuthi ukhula, kuyadingeka ukwandisa umbuthano wesiqu, okuthi, emva kokunisela, kufanele ukhululwe futhi kufakwe phakathi. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze ukuqhuma kungakheli emhlabathini, okuthikameza ukungena komoya ohlelweni lwezimpande, futhi nokuthi ukhula lungakhuli, oluzothatha izinto eziwusizo kusuka kwisithombo futhi luzwakalise ukukhula kwalo okunye. Lapho kufika ekwindla, bumba ngokucophelela inhlabathi ezungeze izithombo.
Ukucebisa inhlabathi nge-nitrogen futhi uvuselele ukukhula okusebenzayo kwezihlahla phakathi kokutshala, kunconywa ukuhlwanyela i-legumes (uphizi, ubhontshisi) noma i-alfalfa. Ngaso leso sikhathi, shiya umbuthano osusondele kwesiqu unseed.
Ngonyaka wesibili wokuphila, isithombo kufanele sikhule ngamasentimitha angama-60. Uma lokhu kungenzekanga, lapho ekwindla kugaywa, faka umquba nge-1 ingxube ye-humus ne-100 g ye-superphosphate ephindwe kabili. Entwasahlobo, suthisa lesi sihlahla ngenhlanganisela ye-ammonium nitrate (20 g), i-superphosphate ephindwe kabili (10 g) nosawoti we-potassium (5 g).
Njalo ngeminyaka emithathu, ama-cherries anikezwa ama-humus.
Ukuthena kwentwasahlobo yesithombo esikhulile
Entwasahlobo, nquma wonke amagatsha awomile bese wakhe umqhele eduze kwesihlahla esikhulile - usike amahlumela angene ngaphakathi komqhele. Izindawo zokusikeka kufanele ziphathwe nge-var var yengadi.
Ngaphezu kwentwasahlobo, kukhona nokuthenwa kwehlobo kwama-cherries ehlobo. Kubandakanya ukususwa kwamahlumela ase-basal, okususa amandla we-yisithombo.
Ukuvikelwa kwezilokazane nezifo zama-cherries
Imvamisa, umuthi ulinyazwa izinambuzane ezinjenge-cherry:
- imvukuzane;
- izibungu zethanga le-mucous;
- ama-aphid;
- weevil;
- izibungu zesilika.
Uma zitholakala, phatha umuthi ngamalungiselelo akhethekile.
Phakathi kwezifo zamakhherubi, izindawo ezibalulekile yilezi:
- I-Coccomycosis ibonakala njengelesion ngendlela yokugqwala emaqabungeni nasemagatsheni amancanyana, okuholela ekutheni yomile ngaphandle bese iwa.
- Ukubuka kwe-Hole kubangela ukufa kwamahlamvu nama-inflorescence.
- Gumming - ukomisa amahlumela.
- Ukubola okumpunga kuthinta izithelo.
- I-Moniliosis ibangela ukuvela kwamagatsha emagatsheni nokubola kwesithelo.
Ukuvimbela izifo futhi uvikele ezinambuzaneni nasezifweni ezahlukahlukene, phatha ama-cherries kabili ngonyaka (entwasahlobo - ngokuvela kwamahlamvu futhi ehlobo - ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali) ukwelapha ngesixazululo esiqukethe izinambuzane kanye nesikhunta. Ngaphezu kwalokho, unyaka nonyaka u-Bordeaux uketshezi usetshenziselwa lezi zinhloso, futhi kanye ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu - isixazululo esingu-3% seNitrofen.
Ngaphezu izinambuzane ezichazwe ngenhla, izinyoni zithanda ukudla izithelo. Ukuvikela izitshalo kuzo, kufanele kudonswe inetha ngaphezulu kwesihlahla.
