Izakhamizi zasehlobo zaseRussia ziyakuthokozela ukuhlakulela ama-berry anjengojingijolo, ukunakekelwa, ukutshala, ukusakazeka nokusika okungekho nzima. Ama-amajikijolo acebile ngezinto eziwusizo namavithamini, ukunambitheka okuphezulu kunama-raspberries, avame ukuvuthwa ngendlela yama-hedges. Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezinama-spikes abukhali, kepha ezinye izinhlobo ze-blackberry azinazo futhi zibizwa njengezingekho.
Ikhula ijikijolo
Ukuthola isivuno samajikijolo amnandi, kudingeka ufunde ukuthi ungakhula kanjani, usakaze, uhlanyele futhi unake kanjani amajikijolo. Akuyona indawo yokugcina ekunakekelweni kwama berry ukulungiswa okufanele kwesihlahla isikhathi sokubanda. Kubalulekile ukwenza ukuthena ekwindla nasentwasahlobo, ngemuva kokuncibilikisa inhlabathi ezungeze uhlelo lwezimpande usebenzisa i-sawdust ne-peat, noma omunye wabo ngokwehlukana. Ukuvikela isitshalo ezifweni, amagatsha amajikijolo kanye nenhlabathi ngaphansi kwaso kufanele kuphathwe nge-sulfate yethusi. Ukuvimbela ukubonakala kwezinambuzane, ukwelashwa nge-actellic kuzosiza.
Ukuze ijikijolo lingafi ebusika futhi ngonyaka olandelayo lithele izithelo kakhulu, kufanele lilungiselelwe ngokucophelela amakhaza, lidale indawo yokukhosela eqandeni elibandayo.
Uma amazinga okushisa esifundeni esikhulayo ebusika ehla aze afike kuma-degree angama-10 kuya ngaphansi, ama-berry bush kufanele ambozwe, kepha lokhu akudingekile ngezinhlobo ezilwa nesithwathwa. Uma kukhona iqhwa esifundeni kusuka - ama-20 degrees nangaphansi, kuzofanela usonge noma yiziphi izinhlobo ebusika, ngoba izitshalo azikwazi ukubekezelela lokushisa.
Ungayisakaza kanjani ijikijolo
E-Russia, izinhlobo ezimbili zama-amajikijolo ajwayelekile:
- akha noma ama-kumanika asakazwa yizendlalelo;
- ezinwabuzelayo noma isikhutha, ngokuzala kwayo zisebenzisa ukulengama okuqondile noma okuyi-apical.
Indlela yokusabalalisa okuluhlaza kucetyiswa ukuthi isetshenziswe ezimweni lapho kukhona khona ama-wombus bush ambalwa, noma kuyadingeka ukusabalalisa izihlahla ngokushesha.
Izindlela eziphambili zokuzalela amajikijolo:
- ukusika entwasahlobo;
- inzalo yezimpande;
- izingqimba ze-apical;
- ukusika okuluhlaza okotshani;
- indlela yezitshalo;
- indlela yembewu.
Ukusabalalisa i-blackberry ngesendlalelo sezimpande, udinga ukuthola isihlahla esinamandla kakhulu. Linda kuze kube ekwindla, lapho amahlumela amancane azoba nohlelo lwawo lwezimpande, bese awemba kanye nomhlaba. Uma udinga ukusakaza ukuhlelwa kwe-blackberry, khona-ke lokhu kufanele kwenziwe entwasahlobo.
Ukusakazeka kwe-Blackberry ngokulambisa
Ukusabalalisa iblackberry ngezinsika zezendlalelo ngasengxenyeni engenhla (cishe ama-30 noma ama-35 cm ukusuka ekugcineni), amagxolo asikwa ngokungenasisekelo ibe indandatho ngaphansi kwezinso. Yilowo nalowo ugobe phansi, acindezelwe kumsele olungiselelwe ngaphambili kusuka ku-4 kuya ku-5 cm ojulile, ohleliwe futhi womba womhlaba.
Izinga lomhlabathi kanye nomswakama walo kuyabhekwa, kuniselwa ngesikhathi bese kufakwa inhlabathi. Ngaphambi kwesithwathwa, amboze nge sawdust noma nge-peat. Ngentwasahlobo elandelayo, izithombo zizosuka ezimpandeni, kuyodingeka ukuthi zinqunywe kusitshalo sikamama, zisike bese sizitshala endaweni lapho zizokhula khona njalo.
Ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlumela, lapho kukhona khona amaqabunga angama-2-3, ama-amajikijolo asatshalaliswa ngokusika okuluhlaza. Ukuze wenze lokhu, basikwa ngaphansi komhlaba ekujuleni okungaphansi kuka-3-4 cm ngaphansi komhlaba, badluliselwa kwigreenhouse futhi batshalwe ngaphansi kwefilimu lapho, ukuze izinga lomswakama lihlale liphezulu. Ngemuva konyaka, ekwindla, kubalulekile ukutshala lapho indawo ephelele izolungiswa khona.
Izindlela zokukhulisa imifino nezitshalo
Ekupheleni kwehlobo noma ekuqaleni kwekwindla, ama-amajikijolo asatshalaliswa ngokumile. Ukwenza lokhu, bmba isihlahla, bahlukanise amagatsha kanye nezimpande, ukuze ingxenye ngayinye ibe amasentimitha ayi-15, noma kancane kancane, ubude, uhhafu wesentimitha. Atshaliwe, futhi asongwe ngaphambi kobusika. Uma kungenakwenzeka ukuba emhlabeni ngokushesha, impahla elungiselelwe ibekwa ema-grooo afinyelela ku-10 cm, emva kwalokho athululela umhlaba kuwo, ayinisele, ahlanganise inhlabathi.
Ukuze ukhule ube ngujikijolo, udinga ukufunda. Ukuzala kabusha, ukuthena nokunakekela kudinga amakhono, ngakho-ke indlela yokusakazeka kwembewu isetshenziswa ngokuvamisile ngenxa yokuhluma okungekuhle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiko alilahli izakhiwo zalo.
Ukuze wandise ukuhluma, igobolondo elinzima lembewu kufanele lilinyazwe.
Hlwanyela esihlabathini somfula, esasiniselwa ngaphambili, sijule ngo-6 cm, nangaphezulu noma ngo-1 cm. Lapho kuvela amaqabunga ambalwa, izitshalo zokuntywila ezimbizeni, ungazitshala ezindaweni zazo. Ebusika, amahlumela amasha kuzofanele ambozwe. Amajikijolo okuqala azovela kuphela ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu noma engu-4.
Ukuqunywa kwe-Blackberry
Ungasika kanjani ijikijolo entwasahlobo, ungafunda kuvidiyo, uyenze inzima, kepha iyadingeka. Lesi sitshalo sinqunywa ama-secateurs nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka ngaphandle kobusika. Ukuphakama kwe-kumaniki cishe amamitha ayi-3, kwesinye isikhathi ukuphakama, kufana ne-raspberries, kunikeza amahlumela amaningi. Kumajikijolo akhula ngokuqondile - ama-kumaniki athwale amahlumela aneminyaka emibili.
Lapho iqhwa liyancibilika, umbuzo wokuthi ungasika yini i-blackberry entwasahlobo awuveli, impendulo isobala, iyadingeka. Kuze kube ukuthi ama-buds aphapheme, amahlumela asomile futhi alimele asuswe, amahlumela anonyaka owodwa anqunywa kabili ukuthuthukisa ukukhula kwezinqubo ze-lateral. Lokhu kwenziwa ngoMeyi, lapho izingqimba ezibalelwa ku-6 cm zisikwa, kanti amahlumela, asekhulele kubude obungaphezu kwengxenye yemitha, ancishiswa ngo-70 cm ngoJulayi. Izingcezu eziyisithupha noma ezi-8, ezinamandla kakhulu, ziyasala, ezinye ziyanqunywa. Ukuthenwa kwe-Blackberry ekwindla kwenziwa ngemuva kokuvunwa, empeleni, kungukuthungwa kwendle.
Lapho kugawulwa amajikijolo entwasahlobo, umdwebo wevidiyo ukhombisa ukuthi ezitshalweni ezivuthiwe, hhayi kuphela amagatsha alimala ebusika kusuka kusiqhwa, kodwa futhi aphukile, ababuthakathaka bayasuswa. Shiya izingcezu ezimbalwa, kusukela ku-4 kuye ku-10, ezinamandla kakhulu. Amahlumela aseceleni afushaniswa nobude obungama-20-40 cm, okushiya ama-buds ayi-8 kuye kwayi-12 kulinye. Ukuze uthole isivuno esihle kakhulu, kudingeka wazi ukuthi ungasika kanjani isithabathaba entwasahlobo, ukuthi ungasusa kanjani amahlumela amaningi ezinhlangothini zehlathi ehlobo, ushiye intwasahlobo.
Vele bayojabulisa ngesivuno esiningi, ngoba ihlumela alitheli izithelo ngonyaka wokuqala. Ukunquma ama-amajikijolo entwasahlobo kubaqali besimangaliso akunzima uma ubheka ividiyo ukuthi ungayenza kanjani kahle.
