ISpirea noma i-meadowsweet iwuhlobo lwezihlahla zokuhlobisa ezinqabayo zomndeni wakwaPink. Kuhunyushwe kusuka esiGrekini ngokuthi "speira" kusho "ukugoba", futhi ukuba yiqiniso kwaleli gama kuqinisekisa ukuguquguquka okukhethekile kwamagatsha e-spirea. Inzuzo enkulu ye-spirea ukungabinayo kwayo. ISpirea inezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezi-100 zezihlahla ezikhula eziwugwadule, ama-steppes amahlathi kanye nezinyathelo.
I-Spirea yaseJapan: izithombe nezinhlobo
Izihlahlana zohlobo lweSpirea zingaba mncane (20 cm) noma zide impela (kufinyelela ku-2,5 m). Izimpande zingucu futhi zixekile. Amagatsha ayathambekele noma asatshalaliswe, aqondile noma akhasa, ukusuka ekugqekekeni okugqamile kuya kumnyama, amagxolo angaphuma ku-longitudinally. Amaqabunga ehlukile, aphethe ngaphandle, anama-lobes angama-3-5, ayindilinga noma ama-lanceolate. Izimbali ze-shrub zincane, kepha ziningi, futhi zingakha ama-inflorescence ahlukahlukene - omise okwenziwe spike, onovalo, i-corymbose, i-pyramidal.
Umbala we efihlekile uhlukile, kusuka kokumsulwa okumhlophe kuya kwepinki. Izinhlobo ezihlukene ze-spirea inflorescence zihlukile: abanye baphunyuke ngokuphelele, abanye banezihloko eziphezulu kuphela zokuhlaselwa noma ekugcineni kwamagatsha. Spirea okusakazwa imbewu, ukwahlukana esihlahleni, ukusika noma layering.
I-Wangutta bush isetshenziselwa ukutshala kweqembu, ukuthola uthango. Izinhlobo zezidada zilungile ngokuhlela "amakhaphethi" abukhoma, izingadi zamatshe kanye nezingadi ze-rose. ISpirea ibukeka kahle futhi njengesitshalo esizimele.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-spirea
Ezinye izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-spirea zivame ukusetshenziswa esikweni, ezinye zivamile. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, yonke izihlahla zehlukaniswe:
- Ukuqhakaza kwehlobo;
- Ukuqhakaza kwentwasahlobo.
I-spirea yezimbali yasentwasahlobo
Zibonakaliswa ngokuqhakaza kwezimbali zakuqala, futhi futhi ziyehluka ngoba zinezimbali zemithunzi eyahlukahlukene ye-hue emhlophe emhlophe, eqhakaza amahlumela ngonyaka odlule. Kuqala ukuqhakaza kuphela ngonyaka wesibili wokuphunyuka. Lezi zitshalo zibonakaliswa yi-tillering eminyene. Izinhlobo ezilandelayo ze-spirea zithandwa engadini.
I-Grey spirea
Le yi-hybrid ye-whitish-grey ne-St John wort spirea - eqinisweni, iyi-spirea emhlophe, futhi ibizwa ngokuthi ngompunga ngenxa yombala wamaqabunga. Lesi sitshalo sifinyelela ubukhulu obuyi-190 cm, amagatsha avela, amaqabunga ama-lanceolate ngaphansi grey, amaqabunga e-corymbose anemibala emhlophe atholakala kulo lonke ubude behlumela. Kuqala ukuqhakaza kusuka ekuqaleni kukaMeyi kuya ekuqaleni kukaJulayi. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu.
Grefshame
Ukuphakama nobubanzi balesi zinhlobonhlobo kungama-1,6-2.1 m, amagatsha anombala obomvu, umqhele obabazekayo, amagatsha aqothulayo, izimbali ezifika ku-1.1 cm ngosayizi, i-terry, emhlophe emhlophe, eqoqwe kwizambulela. Isihlahla siyisitshalo soju, siqhakaza sithatha izinsuku ezingama-50, siqala ukuqhakaza kusuka eminyakeni emi-2.
Spirea Wangutta
I-Wangutta yi-hybrid ye-spirea emithathu-e-lobed ne-Cantonese - isihlahla esikhulu esinobude nobubanzi obufika ku-2,5 m, amagatsha aqothulayo, amaqabunga anwebekile amathathu, anganamaqabunga, aboshiwe, ompunga phansi, agcwele okuhlaza phezulu, ekwindla aphenduka abomvu. Ama-buds ama-spherical vangutta aqukethe izimbali ezimhlophe ezihlanzekile isiyingi kufika ku-0,7 cm futhi zitholakala endaweni ezungeze igatsha. Iqala ukuqhakaza ekuqaleni kukaJulayi, ezimweni ezingandile, ukuqhakaza kaningi ngoSepthemba.
I-Nippon Spiraea
Ku-vivo kukhula cishe cishe. IHonshu, ikhula ize ibe ngu-2.1 m, umqhele mude futhi uyindilinga, unamagatsha aqhakazile, unamaqabunga aze afike ku-5 cm, aqhakaze aze afike enyangeni eyodwa ukusuka ekupheleni kukaMeyi ngezimbali ze-corymbose zombala oluhlaza-ophuzi kufinyelela ku-1.5 cm ngosayizi ihlumela
Isiphikiso se-Spirea
Izimbali zokuqala eziqhakaza kwentwasahlobo. Isayizi elihlwabusayo elingama-1.6-2.1 m ngosayizi, linokubukeka okuhle kodwa amagatsha aqhakaza aqukethe izimbali ezinamakha amaningi amhlopheetholakala kuwo wonke amagatsha. Lokhu kwe-spirea kuyaqhakaza ngenyanga eyodwa kusukela ekuqaleni kukaJuni.
I-Spirea egeleza ihlobo
Lezi yizinhlobonhlobo lapho ama-inflorescence esekupheleni kwamahlumela amancane nalapho amahlumela wangonyaka odlule agcina ome ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, emelelwa yizinhlobonhlobo zomoya waseJapan. Ezinhlotsheni zalo eziningi, i-spirea yaseJapan inombala opinki, kepha ezimweni ezingavamile ingaba bomvu-bomvana.
I-spirea yaseJapan
Isitshalo esihle esinamagatsha anomuzwa we-pubescent lapho esemncane futhi engenalutho emva kokuguga. Ubukhulu bufika ku-1.1-1.6 m, amaqabunga angama-ovate futhi angaphakathi, ampunga ngaphansi, aluhlaza phezulu, onsomi, obomvu, ophuzi ekwindla. Ama-spirea aseJapan aqhakaza izinsuku ezingafika ku-50 ezinezinhlamvu ezi-pink-red eziqoqwe ku-corymbose inflorescence etholakala emaphethelweni amahlumela. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu.
Amakhosazana amancane
Lesi sitshalo singamamitha ayi-0.7 kuphela ubukhulu, umqhele ungamamitha ayi-1,3 ubude, uyindilinga, amaqabunga aluhlaza ngokujulile, anomumo o-oval, ama-corymbose buds aqukethe izimbali ezibomvu ezibomvu ezine-ububanzi ka-4-5 cm, ziqala ukuqhakaza ngasekupheleni kukaJuni.
Amakhosazana egolide
Enye yezinhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo ezingenhla, ibonakala ngokuthi ingakhula ibe ngu-1.1 m futhi ibe nombala weqabunga eliphuzi.
Shirobana
Isihlahla esifushane (0.7-0.9 m), kepha ubukhulu bomqhele ngu-1,3 m, amaqabunga mancane (3 cm), luhlaza okunothile, okucishe kube yizingqamu. Ama-rose apinki noma amhlophe, aqala ukuqhakaza ekuqaleni kukaJulayi.
Ilangabi legolide
Isihlahla siphakeme ngamamitha ayi-0.9 m, amaqabunga asawolintshi aphuzi abe ophuzi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, bese eluhlaza, bese ekwindla - kusawolintshi okhanyayo. Ama-buds apinki abomvu, mancane ngosayizi.
UCrispa
Isihlahla esivulekile esiphansi sifinyelela ku-0.5 m ngosayizi futhi sikhulu kancane ngobubanzi, amahlumela amaningi aqondile, umqhele oyindilinga, izimbali - izambulela eziyisisekelo ezi-5.6 cm ziqukethe ama-inflorescence amancane apinki anombala obomvu onama-lilac hue, uqala ukuqhakaza ngoJuni.
Ngaphezu kwe-spirea yaseJapan, izinhlobo ezilandelayo zezitshalo eziqhakaza ihlobo zikhona.
Bumalda
Le yi-hybrid ye-spirea emhlophe enezimbali ezimhlophe neJapan - isihlahla esiphansi ngo-60-90 cm ngosayizi .. Amagatsha aqondile. Amacembe ehlobo aluhlaza, ekwindla - ophuzi, onsomi, obomvu. Izimbali zihlala izinyanga ezi-2. I-Bumald Goldflame spirea etshalwe kakhulu. Lesi sitshalo singamasentimitha angama-0.7 ngosayizi, amaqabunga aqale abe yi-silvery orange, bese kuba yigolide eliqhakazile, ngemuva kokuluhlaza okwenele, bese ekwindla - kube bomvu okhanyayo. Kepha ushintsho olunjalo lwenzeka lapho isitshalo sitholakala elangeni.
I-Loosestrife Spirea
Isihlahla esi-2 m ukuphakama sinamagatsha aqondile a-brown-red-yellow hue, amaqabunga anomumo obabazekayo, aze afike ku-15 cm ngosayizi, ama-buds apinki noma amhlophe aqokelelwa kuma-inflorescence e-pyramidal acishe abe ngu-25 cm ubukhulu.
Spirea Douglas
Shrub 1.5 m ngosayizi ngamagatsha ama-pubescent namagatsha abomvu ansundu. Amaqabunga angamasentimitha angama-4-9 ngosayizi, ama-rose acebile, ama-buds e-oblong aqoqiwe ku-pyramidal, inflorescence apical, zezimbali zihlala izinyanga eziyi-1.5, kuqala ngoJuni.
UBillard
Le yi-hybrid ye-loosestrife ne-Douglas spirea - ubungako besitshalo bufika ku-2.1 m, amaqabunga aqabulekile kuze kube yi-12 cm ubude, izimbali ziphuzi kahle, ziqoqwe ngotshani be-pyramidal inflorescences. Kuqala ukuqhakaza ekuqaleni kukaJulayi.
Izici Ezikhulayo
Noma yisiphi isitshalo sinezidingo ezithile zokutshala nokunakekelwa. ISpirea futhi inezici ezithile:
- ISpirea ithanda imfudu noma inhlabathi enamaqabunga. Ukwakheka okuhle kakhulu: enye ingxenye yephasi nesihlabathi kanye nezingxenye ezimbili zomhlaba;
- Isendlalelo sokudonsa amanzi siyadingeka;
- Ukutshala kwe-Spiraea kwenzeka emgodini, okuyi-1/3 ngaphezulu kwenqwaba yesihlahla;
- Ubungako bokutshala abungaphansi kuka-1.5 m, ngenkathi intambo yempande yesihlahla sibopho, isisezingeni lomphezulu;
- Kuyadingeka ukutshala i-spirea esimweni sezulu esinamafu, ngokufanele emvuleni. Isikhathi esihle kakhulu ukuphela kuka-Agasti;
- Omakhelwane abafisayo - thuja, spruce, juniper.
Ukufakelwa entwasahlobo
Entwasahlobo, kuphela i-spirea ehlobo kuphela. Isimo esikhulu sokutshala entwasahlobo yisikhathi ngaphambi kokuba amaqabunga aqale ukuqhakaza. Lapho uthola izithombo zezitshalo, hlola ngokucophelela uhlelo lwezimpande - akufanele lome kakhulu. Bheka isimo sezinhlumela zezithombo, futhi uzithole kuphela uma zinamahlamvu amahle futhi ziyavumelana nezimo. Isitokhwe sokutshala:
- Lapho izimpande sezonakalisiwe noma zomile kakhulu, nquma amagatsha;
- Lapho izimpande zesithombo zikhulu kakhulu, zifinyeze.
Uma izimpande zikhule ngokweqile ngesikhathi sokulondolozwa, zichithe ngamanzi, bese uzitshala kuphela.
I-spirea ebomvu iyimbali engenakuli ukunakekelwa, kepha ngenxa yokuqhakaza okuningana futhi okuhlala isikhathi eside, usadinga ukubheka imibandela ethile: umhlaba kufanele uvunde, nendawo ikhanyiswe yilanga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izihlahla ze-spirea zakha amahlumela amaningi ezimpande, okwandisa indawo ehlala imbali, futhi lokhu kufanele kubhekwe lapho ukutshala i-spirea.
Endaweni lapho kutshalwa khona isihlahla, kuyadingeka ukuthi ugaye umgodi onodonga olucacile lwe-plumb, okungenani 1/3 likhulu kunosayizi wezimpande zesithombo. Ngemuva kwalokho udinga ukuvumela umgodi ume izinsuku ezingama-3-5. Ngosuku lokwehlukaniswa (kungcono ukuthi kube nesimo sezulu semvula) kuyadingeka ukwenza ungqimba wokudonsa okungamamilimitha ayi-16 kuya ku-22, ufake isod noma inhlabathi eshidi emgodini, kanye nesihlabathi kanye ne-peat, kuxuba konke, uphonsa izimpande zezitshalo emgodini, uphonsa emhlabathini nangemva kokuhlanganiswa. Ngokushesha emva kokutshala, isihlahla siniselwa ngamabhakede ama-1-2.
Ukutshala ekwindla
Ekwindla, zombili izitshalo ezima sekwephuze ukuqhakaza nezimbali zasentwasahlobo. Njengomthetho, ukutshala ekwindla kuhlanganiswa nokuhlaliswa kwezitshalo ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla. Kuyadingeka ukwenza lokhu kuze kuphele ukuwa kwamaqabunga. Izitshalo ezineminyaka engaba ngu-4 ubudala ziyatshalwa futhi zihlukaniswe, izihlahla ezindala nazo zingatshalwa, kepha lokhu sekuvele kunzima kakhulu ukukwenza ngenxa yobukhulu bomhlaba, okunzima ukuwageza.
Isihlahla kumele simbiwe, sithwebule ubukhulu kungaphezu kwengxenye yesilinganiso somqhele. Ngokunokwenzeka, kuzodingeka ukusika izimpande ezimbalwa, kodwa lokhu ngeke kulimaze kakhulu esihlahleni. Ngemuva kwezimpande zesitshalo esikhishwe, geza kahle. Uma isihlahla sisincane futhi singakhuli kangako, vele usifaka ebhokisini lamanzi bese uvumela umhlaba ukuba uthambile futhi uzinze esitsheni, bese ugeza izimpande ngaphansi kwamanzi agobhozayo, uzisuse ngaphandle. Sika lesi sitshalo ngama secateurs ezingxenyeni ezingama-2-3 ukuze ngamunye abe ne-lobe yezimpande kanye namahlumela ambalwa aqinile.
Yenza umgodi, uthele inyumba enkabeni, ubeke isithombo kuso bese ukala izimpande. Gcwalisa umgodi ngomhlaba. Nisela isihlahla amahlandla ambalwa.
Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo
Sesivele sisho izidingo eziyisisekelo:
- ukudonsa okuhle;
- inhlabathi evundile futhi evulekile;
- ukukhanya okukhanyayo;
- mulching nge peat ngokushesha emva kokutshala.
Yini enye edingekayo ukuze isitshalo sikujabulise ngezimbali ezinde futhi ezinhle?
Njengoba i-spirea inezimpande ezingashonile, ayibekezeleli inhlabathi eyomile futhi yomile, ngakho-ke idinga ukuthambisa ngokulinganiselayo ngenkathi eyomile: Amalitha ayi-16 lilinye amanzi ngesitshalo ngasinye kabili ngenyanga. Ukuvula umhlabathi ngenkani kuyimpoqo, kanye nokususa ukhula ngezikhathi ezithile. Isibambo sesitshalo senzeka ngezithasiselo zamaminerali ngemuva kokuncipha kwesihlahla, kanti ngoJulayi kuyacebiswa ukuthi kufakwe umquba esihlathini ngesisombululo se-mullein.
Ezikhungweni ze-spirea, imbuzane yesicabucabu ne-aphid zivame ukucasuka. Umuthi ungabhujiswa yi-karbofos, kanti ama-aphid angabhujiswa yi-pyrimor. Kepha i-spirea evame kakhulu ukungatheleleki ezifweni, kanti izinambuzane azilimazi kakhulu.
Izihlahla
I-Spirea ikhula kakhulu, ngakho-ke ngezikhathi ezithile kuyadingeka ukwenza izihlahla. Ezitshalweni eziqhakaza izimbali, ngoba izimbali zenzeka kubo bonke ubude behlumela, amathiphu kuphela asebusika phakathi nobusika anqunywa minyaka yonke, kepha ngemuva kweminyaka eyi-10, wonke amahlumela amadala ayasuswa emtshalweniNgakho-ke, isihlahla sinqunywa sicishe sibe yisiphunzi, ukuze kuthi kusuka amahlumela amancane anempilo angama-4-7 akhe isihlahla esisha, sinqume amanye amahlumela ngesikhathi sezimila. Ngemuva kweminyaka embalwa, amahlumela amadala noma abuthakathaka ayasuswa futhi emthini. Emaphethelweni amahlumela, izihlahla kufanele zenziwe entwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuba amaqabunga aqhakaze.
Izitshalo ezisezimbali zasehlobo zigawulwa njalo ngonyaka ngoMeyi. Nquma ihlumela libe ngama-buds amakhulu; amahlumela amancane nabuthakathaka kufanele asuswe ngokuphelele. Lapho izihlahla ziba namandla ngokwengeziwe, amahlumela azoba namandla ngokwengeziwe. Ngezikhathi ezithile, udinga ukuhlanza amahlumela okuguga, uma kungenjalo azokoma ngokwawo. Lapho lesi sitshalo sineminyaka emine ubudala, ungagawula i-spiraea ukuphakama okungama-35 cm njalo ngonyaka kusuka ebusweni bomhlaba, kepha uma noma kunjalo, lapho ehlathini enokukhula okubuthakathaka, udinga ukucabanga ngokufaka esikhundleni sembali, yize, ngokuvamile, izinhlobo zezimbali ezihamba sekwephuzile zihlala iminyaka eyi-16-16.
Kusukela esithombeni se-spirea ekwakhiweni kwendawo, umuntu angahlulela ngokuhlobisa okuphezulu kanye nokuguquguquka kwale mbali ngezinkathi ezahlukile zonyaka. Entwasahlobo, izihlahla zimbozwa ekuseni ngamaqabunga amahle ahlukahlukene noma agqamile, emva kwalokho kube nokuqhakaza okuningana futhi okuhlala isikhathi eside, ngisho nangemva kwalokho lapho i-spirea ingalahli ukukhanga kwayo.
