Ungawagcina kanjani amazambane?

Namuhla, amazambane athatha isikhundla esiphambili emhlabeni ngemuva kokusanhlamvu njengesilimo sokudla. Amazambane anezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane ezenzelwe ukulinyelwa ezimeni zezulu ezahlukahlukene, emazwenikazi ahlukahlukene. Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa konyaka wonke ekudleni nasekusakazeni, isiko lidinga ukugcinwa isikhathi eside. Amazambane alungiselelwe kahle, kuma-storages afakwe ngokukhethekile, angagcinwa ngempumelelo izinyanga ezifika kwezingu-8-10. Kulesi sihloko, sizokutshela ukuthi ungawagcina kanjani amazambane akho noma owathengile.

Ungawagcina kanjani amazambane.

Isikhathi sokuvuna amazambane sokugcina ubusika

Ukutshala amazambane epulazini labo, abalimi bavame ukumba izihlahla ngamazambane amancane noma zivunwe ekuseni ukuze zisetshenziswe nsuku zonke.

Ngokulondolozwa kobusika, iqoqo lakuqala alikuqinisekisi ukulondolozwa kwalo okuhle. Izilimo eziyizigaxa ezivuthwe kahle kuphela okufanele zigcinwe, lapho kudingeka ukwenza izinyathelo ezilandelayo.

• Isilimo sezilimo eziyizigaxa zamazambane siqala ukwakha lapho amaqabunga aphansi eziqongweni omile. Isikhathi sokuvuthwa cishe singamaviki ama-3-4. Ngalesi sikhathi, eziqongweni zomile bese ziyafa, futhi isitashi nezinye izinto zinqwabelana ku-the tubers, zinikeze ukunambitheka komuntu ngamunye nephunga lezinhlobonhlobo.
• Emavikini langu-1-2 ngaphambi kwekuvunwa, tinhlavu letomile tiyagawulwa. Amazambane asele enhlabathini ukuze avuthwe. Ubhatata umbozwe ngethanga eliwugqinsi, akha amehlo amile.
• Ukumba amazambane kuqalile lapho lina khona ilanga elomile, ukuze nezilimo eziyizigaxa zibe nesikhathi sokomisa elangeni, kuthi ngemuva kokucutshungulwa - futhi kuthathe isikhathi esithile emthunzini.
• Ezindaweni ezifudumele, amazambane avuthwa ngokuphelele emhlabathini, futhi ezindaweni ezibandayo kakhulu ukucacisa isikhathi sokumba yizimo zezulu.
• Izinhlobo zamazambane zakuqala zivunwa ngoJulayi-ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti, phakathi - ukusuka ngo-Agasti 10-15 kuze kube sekupheleni kwenyanga. Ekupheleni - eyishumi yesithathu ka-Agasti - ingxenye yokuqala kaSeptemba. Kuyinto engenakwenzeka ukugcina amazambane emhlabathini isikhathi eside: izimvula zasekwindla zingaqala. Ama-tubers azothola umswakama omningi futhi anciphise ukugcina ikhwalithi ebusika. Uma kunesomiso isikhathi eside, nezilimo eziyizigaxa zingaphenduka umswakama, bese zithamba ngokweqile.

Amazambane athengiwe okugcwala kwesitoreji adinga ukuthenga uhlobo olulodwa. Izinhlobo ezigcinwe kangcono nenyama ephuzi. Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene (ngokubukeka, umbala wepulpiti) zigcinwa ezitsheni ezihlukile. Ngaphambi kokugcwalisa amazambane ukuze agcinwe, kuyadingeka ukuwomisa emoyeni amasonto angama-1-3, uwavikele elangeni ukuze angaguquki luhlaza. Ezinye izimo zokugcina ziyefana ngokutshalwa ngokuzimela.

Ilungiselela amazambane ukuze agcinwe

Ukuze usindise ngempumelelo amazambane atshalwe ekhaya lomndeni kuze kube yisizini elandelayo, kubalulekile ukulungisa ama-tubers lapho ebeka khona ngemuva kokuvuna.

• Amazambane agayiwe ahlakazeka amahora amaningi elangeni futhi avunyelwe ukuba ome. Imisebe ye-Ultraviolet izokonakalisa ingxenye yokutheleleka ngegciwane.
• Ngemuva kokunyakazisa amashubhu emhlabathini, ahlelwe ngokucophelela futhi ahlelwa izingxenyana: ezinkulu ngenjongo yokudla, ephakathi yokuzala, incane ekuphakelweni kwezinyoni nezinkomo (uma kukhona). Amazambane agulayo ahlukaniswa futhi abhujiswe, ikakhulukazi alimala ngenxa yokulimala sekwephuzile, umdlavuza nezinye izifo fungal kanye namagciwane.
• Amazambane ahlelwe afafazwa nge-antifungal biologics (phytosporin, bactofit, njll), omisiwe emthunzini, gcwalisa isitsha esilungiselelwe ukugcinwa bese sifakwa kwisitoreji.
• Ukuze ulondoloze inani elikhulu lamazambane anempilo, kungcono ukukhulisa nokugcina izinhlobo eziningi ezibanzi zaphakathi nendawo kanye nezasemuva. Kepha ngesikhathi sokulondolozwa, awadingi ukuxutshwa, ngoba izinhlobonhlobo ngazinye zinemfuno eyodwa yezokuphepha.

Izinhlobo zokuqala azigcinwa isikhathi eside futhi kakade ngoNovemba nezilimo eziyizigaxa ziqala ukugwinya, zilahlekelwe ukunambitheka kwazo futhi zingakulungeli ukusetshenziswa ekudleni. Izinhlobo zokuqala zigcinwa kuphela ukusakazeka.

Izimo zokugcina amazambane

Ukuze ugcine amazambane amaningi enempilo, izidingo ezilandelayo kumele zihlangatshezwe.

Kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesitoreji, gcina okushisa komoya kungakapheli + 2 ... + 4 ° С. Kulesi simo sokushisa, amazambane aphumule - awakhi izimpande futhi angabandi. Amazinga okushisa aphansi akhuthaza ukuguqulwa kwesitashi sibe ushukela, kuyilapho amazinga okushisa ephezulu enza inqubo yokwakheka kwezimpande. Isitoreji kumele sibe nama-thermometers wokulinganisa izinga lokushisa, kanye nekhono lokuthatha izinyathelo lapho lishintsha. Uma izinga lokushisa lenyuka ngokushesha, vula umoya, hlela umoya omncane.

Umswakama egumbini lapho amazambane agcinwa khona akufanele uhambe ngaphezu kwe-70-85%. Ukunquma, faka i-hygrometer egumbini. Ukwanda komswakama kufaka isandla ekubukekeni kwezikhunta. Umoya wasendlini womile noma kusetshenziswa umoya omncane.

Ngaphansi kwesitoreji samazambane kufanele kumbozwe ngesihlabathi, mhlawumbe i-quartz, amatshe amatshe, i-rubble, nezinye izinto ezithambisa umswakama. Ngaphansi kwepharaji nezinye izinhlobo zama-storages akumele zifakwe usimende, zimbozwe nge-linoleum, isaladi elibushelelezi, ibhetshi nezinye izinto ezifanayo, ngoba lokhu kuqongelela umswakama, obangela isikhunta nezinye izinqubo ezingezinhle.

Isitolo sempahla kumele singabi nokukhanya kwemini nesikhathi eside. Ukukhanya kufaka isandla ekukhiqizweni kwe-solanine enobuthi ku-tubers amazambane. Ukubonakaliswa kwangaphandle kokukhiqizwa kwe-solanine umbala oluhlaza okotshani noma omnyama we-tuber. Amazambane anjalo awakulungele ukusetshenziswa ngabantu.

Ukuze ulondoloze amazambane ezinambuzaneni nasezifo ebusika, udinga ukulungiselela ngokucophelela igumbi futhi, ngokufanele, uhlelele nezilimo eziyizigaxa esitsheni esikahle.

• Hlukanisa indawo yokugcwala ngaphandle kwezinambuzane ezingaphandle: amagundane, amagundane, ama-slgs.
• Yibulala amagciwane indawo ekuthelelekeni ngegciwane - (ukusha okusha isibabule noma izigaxa zesibabule kugqoko lwensimbi noma usebenzise ezinye izindlela zokukhubaza igumbi).

Izinhlobo Zokugcina

Uma indawo ivumela, ama-cellular, ama-cellars, ngaphansi komhlaba, imigodi yemifino kanye nezinye izitaki ezikhethekile kumele zakhiwe ukugcina imikhiqizo ebusika. Zifakwe amashalofu akhethekile, kufakwa amaphallet phansi ukuze iziqukathi ezinemikhiqizo evela kuzo zonke izinhlangothi zibe nokushintshana komoya mahhala.

Kunzima ngokwengeziwe ukuhlinzeka ubusika bokugcina imifino kubahlali balimi-basemadolobheni, ikamelo labo elinendawo yokugcina lisekude. Kuyadingeka ukulingana ne-loggia noma i-balcony yokugcina. Kulokhu, ukulondolozwa ezikhwameni, amanetha kanye namabhokisi, noma kumbozwe amajazi amadala wovuku, akulungile. Kusebenza ngokwengeziwe ukwenza amabhokisi enziwe ngokhuni agcina amazambane neminye imifino. Zonke izinto ezenziwe ngomzimba ezenziwe ngokhuni kufanele zidwetshwe ukuze zivikeleke kumswakama wangaphandle.

Isitoreji esilula kunazo zonke kuvulandi, i-loggia, ephaseji singenziwa ngokuzimela ngesimo sebhokisi / isifuba esinodonga oluphindwe kabili, phansi nesihloko. Isitsha esishisayo sendlu noma ephathekayo ye-balcony cellar siyathandeka ngokubukeka futhi siyasebenza. Ungazithenga noma uzenze ngokwakho. Zonke izinhlobo zalawo ma-storages wesikhashana / anaphakade anezindonga eziphindwe kabili, phansi nesembozo. Isikhala esingenalutho phakathi kwezindonga (ama-4-6 cm) kuma-storages sigcwaliswa nganoma uluphi uhlobo lokufakelwa (sawdust owomile, ukushelela okumsulwa okuhle, Foam ye-polystyrene, njll.). Izingcweti zingahlomisa ama-storages anjalo (ikakhulukazi, hhayi ukufakelwa) ngokushisa kagesi okulawula okushisa.

Uma isabelomali somndeni sivumela, ungathenga isithako esisheshayo sasendlini esishisayo, noma sibizwa nangokuthi i-balcony cellar. Kuqukethe indwangu yetende ngesimo esikhwameni esiphindwe kabili. Phakathi kwezindonga zezikhwama kukhona i-heater (imvamisa yokwenza ibusika) nomlawuli wokushisa kagesi. I-balcony cellar igcina imikhiqizo emazingeni okushisa afinyelela ku-40 ° C. Entwasahlobo, isela liyabuthwa, lihlanzwe / ligezwe futhi ligcinwe endaweni eseceleni eyomile kuze kube sebusika obulandelayo.

Isitsha sokugcina amazambane.

Isitsha sokugcina amazambane.

Isitsha sokugcina amazambane.

Izinhlobo zeziqukathi zokubeka amazambane ukuze zigcinwe

Kuya ngedivayisi yesitsha sokugcina amazambane esilungiselelwe ukulondolozwa kwamazambane.

Okuvame kakhulu amakhreyithi wokhuni. Ngqongqoza phansi amapulangwe, futhi phezulu okuvulekile kunomthelela ekushintshisaneni komoya omuhle. Amabhokisi anamazambane ayi-10-12 kg amazambane kulula ukuwathwala futhi, uma kudingeka, hlunga imikhiqizo. Imidwebo ibekwa emashalofini noma emashalofini ukuze kusukela odongeni lwesitoreji indawo engenalutho okungenani i-25-30 cm, ukusuka phansi kuya phansi kwebhokisi / isitsha esingaba ngu-15-20 cm futhi ukusuka phezulu kwembiza yamazambane kuze kufike ophahleni okungenani ama-50-60 cm. imidwebo isikhala esingenalutho yi-10-15 cm.

Kulula ukulandelela ukugcinwa kwamazambane ezingxoweni ezinezinhlamvu, ezifana namabhokisi, atholakalayo ukugcinwa okusheshayo futhi, uma kunesidingo, sokuhlungwa ama-tubers eqandisiwe, abolile, awonakele futhi onesifo.

Uma izinduku zihlala kuma-storages ngesikhathi sasebusika, khona-ke kungcono ukugcina imikhiqizo ezitsheni zenethiwekhi ezinamawindi amabili ezinamaseli amancane, phansi kwawo kuphakanyiswe ngenhla phansi. Ngokusebenzisa igridi eyodwa-engqimba, izinduku zikhipha ziqubule izinhlangothi zamazambane, eduze kwegridi. Abanye abanikazi bagcina amazambane emiphongolweni yensimbi enendawo evulekile yokushintshaniswa komoya, embozwe ngeseyili yensimbi ngaphezulu.

Imithetho eyisisekelo yokugcina amazambane

• Amazambane agciniwe kufanele anikezwe umoya omncane.
• Kusebenza ngokwengeziwe ukugcina amazambane ukondla umndeni ngeziqukathi ezincane (10-12-16 kg) ezifakwe emaphaketheni noma emashalofini, ukumboza ngenhla ngentambo yonke into evikela ekuqandeni ukubanda.
• Ngaphambi kokubeka amazambane ukuze agcinwe, kubalulekile ukuba uhlele kahle futhi uhlukanise nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezinezifo, ezilimele nezigcotshisiwe kusuka kwabaphilile.
• Kuyasiza ukusabalalisa ungqimba lwama-beet phezu kwamazambane agcinwe. Umswakama owesabekayo ovela kumazambane "aphefumulayo", ama-beets avikela okwedlule emswakama ngokweqile, okuholela ekunqotshweni kwesifo sokukhunta.
• Ama-apula ambalwa afakwa ebhokisini elinamazambane agcinwe azonciphisa ukuhluma kwawo.
• Lapho ugcina amazambane ngobuningi, i-embankment akufanele idlule ku-1.5 m ukuphakama. Phezulu udinga ukumboza amazambane nge-burlap noma ngengubo endala, ingubo. Le nqubo izokwehlisa ukuqanda noma yisiphi isimo sezulu esibi futhi izolondoloza ukuthi kungenzeka kube khona ukushintshaniswa komoya okhululekile. Uma phansi kubanda kakhulu, ungasebenzisa uzizwe ukufudumeza, ukumboza amazambane ngezinto ezithola umswakama.
• Nganoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesitoreji sasebusika, kuyadingeka ukuhlunga ama-tubers amahlandla ama-2-3, ususe ogulayo noluhlaza.
• Izinhlobo zokuqala zamazambane zivame ukusetshenziswa ngokushesha. Azikho ngaphansi kwesitoreji.

Amazambane agcinwe emiphongolweni.

Amazambane okuqala asele ngemuva kukaNovemba agcinwa njengesitoko sokutshala. Akusetshenziselwa ukudla. Ama-Tubers ayancipha, alahlekelwe umswakama, abe ongenambreko.

Amazambane okutshala agcinwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo nokudla.

Lapho kubekwa ukugcinwa kwamazambane athengiwe, izinhlobo ezilandelayo zinganconywa: Gatchinsky, Atlant, Scarlet, Seagull, Slavyanka, Zhuravinka, Dolphin, Kolobok, Tiras, Nevsky. Lapho zigcinwa kahle, zigcina ukulimala kwazo kuze kube yilapho isivuno esisha sezinhlobo zamazambane siqala.

Ukusuka ezinhlotsheni zokuqala zamazambane ezivuthiwe kuze kufike ezinyangeni ezi-3 kugcinwa amaHostess, iRocco, i-Aurora, nePyrrole. Kepha, njengomthetho, izinhlobo zokuqala zigcinwa kuphela njengokutshala impahla.