Ama-Metrosideros (Metrosideros) luhlobo lwezitshalo eziqhakazayo. Kuhlobene ngqo nomndeni we-myrtle (Myrtaceae). Kulolu hlobo Kunezinhlobo ezingama-3 subgenera nezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwe-50. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, lezi zitshalo zingatholakala eNew Zealand, Philippines, Australia, iziqhingi zaseHawaii kanye naseMelika Ephakathi, nakwezinye izindawo ezishisayo nezishisayo. Ukwenza isibonelo, inhlobo eyodwa ingabonakala eNingizimu Afrika.
Okuningi mayelana ne-subgenera:
- IMearnsia - ihlanganisa izinhlobo ezingama-25 zezihlahla, izihlahla nemivini. Izimbali zabo zingapendwa ngopinki, o-orenji (ophuzi), obomvu noma omhlophe.
- I-Metrosideros - ihlanganisa izinhlobo ezingama-26 zezihlahla nezihlahla. Izimbali zawo zipendwe kakhulu zibomvu.
- ICarpolepis - inezinhlobo ezi-3 zezihlahla, eziyinxenye ye-epiphytes. Zinezimbali eziphuzi.
Kulolu hlobo lobuhlobo kuphela, kukhona ama-evergreens kuphela. Amacembe abo aphikisanayo anamafuphi. Amahlamvu amancane, amaqabunga aminyene aqinile futhi anomumo obunjiwe noma owenziwe nge-lanceolate. Izimbali ziqoqwa kuma-inflorescence ama-apical, anesimo sokuthuthumela noma isambulela. Ama-perianths amancane acishe angabonakali, futhi ama-pedicels amafushane kakhulu. Izimbali zinesimo esingajwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, izihlungi zawo eziqinile ziba zide kakhulu (kwesinye isikhathi zide kunamaqabunga) futhi zipendiwe ngemibala egcwele, kanti amabhola amancane e-anther atholakala kuzeluleko zawo. Lapho lesi sitshalo siqhakaza, kungabonakala sengathi simbozwe ngamaphayiphu abolile.
Ikhaya Ukunakekela Metrosideros
Lesi sitshalo asifuni kakhulu ekunakekelweni, kepha ngasikhathi sinye, ukuze sikhule futhi sikhule ngokujwayelekile ezimweni zasekamelweni, imithetho eminingana kufanele yaziwe futhi ilandelwe.
Ukukhanyisa
Isitshalo esithwebula izithombe kakhulu. Usuku lonke, ukukhanyisa kufanele kukhanye kakhulu ngokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile (okungenani i-6000-7800 lux). Lesi sitshalo siyakwazi ukumelana nomthunzi oyingxenye, noma kunjalo, ngokukhanya okunjalo okungafanele, akufanele kube isikhathi eside. Ekamelweni lakhe, kufanele kuqokonyiswe iwindi lokuma kwendawo eseningizimu. Esikhathini esifudumele, kunconyelwa ukuyihambisa emgwaqweni noma kuvulandi, ngenkathi ukhetha indawo enelanga kakhulu.
Imodi yokushisa
Ezinyangeni ezifudumele, kudingeka izinga lokushisa elinganiselwe lama-20 kuya kwangama-24 degrees. Ebusika, ukupholisa kuyadingeka (kusuka ku-8 kuye ku-12 degrees).
Ungaphuzisa kanjani
Ukuchelela kufanele kube kuningi njengoba inhlabathi ebhodweni isomile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa amanzi avikelwe kahle, amanzi athambile, lapho kungafanele kube khona lime ne-chlorine. Ukugcwalisa ngokweqile i-metrosideros kuyinto engathandeki, ngoba izimpande zayo zingabola kalula.
Ngokuqala kwesikhathi sasebusika, ukuchelela kufanele kuncishiswe kakhulu.
Umswakama
Udinga umswakama ophezulu. Kunconywa ukuthi ufeze njalo amahlamvu nge-sprayer. Ungasebenzisa ezinye izindlela ukukhulisa umswakama womoya.
Ingxube yomhlaba
Umhlaba ofanele kufanele ube asidi kancane noma ungathathi hlangothi, ucebiswe ngezakhi zomzimba, udlule kalula amanzi nomoya. Ungathenga ukuxubana okwenziwe ngomhlabathi okwenzelwe izitshalo eziqhakazayo. Ukuze wenze ingxube efanele ngezandla zakho, udinga ukuhlanganisa ishidi ne-turf inhlabathi, isihlabathi esiqhekekile noma i-perlite, kanye ne-peat ngesilinganiso se-1: 2: 1: 1.
Ungakhohlwa ukwenza ungqimba oluhle lwamanzi, lokhu, usebenzisa amatshe amatshe noma ubumba olwandisiwe.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Galela isitshalo ngesikhathi sokukhula izikhathi ezi-2 ngenyanga. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wezitshalo eziqhakazayo. Ukusuka maphakathi ekwindla kuya maphakathi nentwasahlobo, umanyolo awukwazi ukufakwa emhlabathini.
Izici Zokufakelwa
Ngenkathi isitshalo sisencane, ukufakelwa kwaso kwenziwa isikhathi esingu-1 ngonyaka entwasahlobo. Ngokukhula metrosideros, kubekwa ngaphansi kwale nqubo kancane futhi kancane. I-specimen, ehlaba umxhwele ngosayizi, ayidluliswanga nhlobo, noma kunjalo, kunconyelwa kanye ngonyaka ukubuyekeza ungqimba olungaphezulu lwe-substrate esitsheni lapho ikhula khona.
Izihlahla
Ngemuva kokuphela kwesikhathi sezimbali, isihlahla sidinga ukuthenwa okwakhayo, okubekezelelwa kalula. Izinhlobo ezintsha zivunyelwe ukuncipha nokuncipha unyaka wonke, ngenkathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukwakheka okufisayo kufanele kutholakale.
Izindlela zokuzala
Ekusakazeni, zombili izimbewu kanye nokusikwa okusetshenzisiwe okuyisisekelo kuyasetshenziswa. Kepha lo msebenzi unzima kakhulu futhi ungagcina wehluleke.
Okokusika, amahlumela apical wokukhula kwamanje anqunywa. Ngamunye wabo kufanele abe nama-3 internode. Ukuze kube nokubangwa kwezimpawu, kusetshenziswa i-vermiculite kanye ne-mini-greenhouse, okumele ifudunyezwe. Ngaphambi kokutshala, ukunqanyulwa kwe-cut kufanele kuphathwe ngama-phytohormones. Isitshalo esinjalo siqhakaza ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu noma engu-4.
Akavamile ukukhula kumbewu, ngoba ngemuva kwesikhashana esifushane alahlekelwa ngokuphelele amandla awo okuzala. Imvamisa, imbewu ethengwa esitolo ayimiliki.
Izinambuzane nezifo
Isigcabha noma isimbuzane sesicabucabu sinokuhlala. Ngemuva kokuthola izinambuzane, kufanele kuhlelelwe isihlambi esifudumele (esingama-degrees angama-45). Ukuqongelelwa konogada kufanele kususwe ngoboya bekotini oswakanyiswe kuketshezi oluqukethe utshwala. Ngemuva kwalokho kubekwa phansi kusetshenziswa i-Fitoverm, i-Actellik noma enye i-ejenti yamakhemikhali yesenzo esifanayo.
Isifo esivame kakhulu ukubola kohlelo lwezimpande. Ukuchichima noma ukugcotshwa kwamanzi kwe-substrate kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinjalo. Futhi esimweni lapho kungekho kukhanya okwenele, isitshalo sisemakhazeni noma umswakama osegumbini uphansi kakhulu, ungalahla wonke amaqabunga, ama-buds nezimbali.
Ukubuyekezwa kwevidiyo
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko
I-Metrosideros carmine (Metrosideros carmineus)
Ungowe-subgenus Mearnsia, futhi ngokwemvelo isitshalo esivela eNew Zealand. Leli liana lihlala liluhlaza futhi lifinyelela ubude bamamitha ayi-15. Unezimpande ezincane zomoya. Iziqu ezincane zimbozwa ngogqinsi omncane wombala onsundu, lapho iminyaka iba mnyama. Amacembe amancane acwebezelayo apendwe aluhlaza okotshani. Ziyakwazi ukujamojolo obunjwe futhi kushubile ngasekupheleni. Izimbali i-carmine (okusajingijolo).
I-Metrosideros hill (Metrosideros collina)
Ungowe-subgenus Metrosideros. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, lesi sitshalo sitholakala eziqhingini zoLwandlekazi iPacific kusuka eFrance Polynesia kuya eVanuatu. Lesi isihlahla sikude (cishe amamitha ayi-7) noma isihlahla esincane. Izincwajana ezingama-Oval zikhonjwa emaphethelweni. Uhlangothi lwabo lwangaphambili lupendiwe luhlaza okotshani futhi lune-tint grey, kanti uhlangothi olungafanele lufana nokuzwakala. Izimbali zipendiwe obomvu obujulile.
Kuleli fomu, kunezinhlobo ezi-2 ezidumile kakhulu:
- "ITahiti" yisihlahla esimfishane esifinyelela ukuphakama okungabi ngaphezu kwamasentimitha ayi-100;
- "Ukushona kwelanga kwesiTahiti" ukuguqulwa kwezinhlobonhlobo zangesikhathi esedlule, futhi amahlamvu ayo anombala we-motley.
Ukusabalalisa metrosideros (Metrosideros diffusa)
Ungowe-subgenus Mearnsia. Izwe laseNew Zealand. Lomvini onamahlumela amade (afinyelela kumamitha ayi-6). Amacembe amade ngobude afinyelela amasentimitha amabili kuphela. Amahlamvu anesimo esisebusweni esivulekile esifana ne-ovoid. Uhlangothi lwangaphambili olucwebezelayo luhlaza okwenele, kanti uhlangothi olungafanelekile luse-matte. Izimbali zinombala opinki noma omhlophe.
Felt metrosideros (Metrosideros Exelsa)
Noma, njengoba ibizwa nangokuthi, pohutukava - kubhekiswa kwi-subgenus Metrosideros. Izwe laseNew Zealand. Lesi isihlahla mude (kufika kumamitha angama-25 ukuphakama) nesihlahla esinamagatsha amakhulu. Emagatsheni kanye nesiqu salesi sitshalo, uvame ukubona izindiza zasemoyeni, ezinde kakhulu. Amaqabunga wesikhumba anomumo ojikelezayo. Ngobude zifinyelela ku-5 kuya ku-10 amasentimitha, futhi ububanzi - ukusuka ku-2 kuya ku-5 amasentimitha. Uhlangothi olungalungile lwamaqabunga lumbozwe ungqimba lwezinwele ezimhlophe, olufana kahle nomuzwa. Ungqimba olufanayo lwezinwele lusezinseni. Izimbali zinombala onsomi obomvu. Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezinezimbali ezipinki noma eziphuzi.
I-Sprosling Metrosideros (Metrosideros fulgens)
Ungowe-subgenus Mearnsia. Lesi sitshalo sivela eNew Zealand. Le liana eli-lignified ihlangene futhi inamandla amakhulu. Ngobude, ingafinyelela kumamitha ayi-10, futhi isiqu sobubanzi singamasentimitha ayi-10. AmaLeathery, amaqabunga abushelelezi wombala oluhlaza anemilo e-oval. Izimbali zidwetshwe obomvu obumnyama.
I-Metrosideros opercrate (Metrosideros operculata)
Ungowe-subgenus Mearnsia. Imvelaphi yaseNew Caledonia. Lesi isihlahla esincane esincane, esingafinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha amathathu. Iziqu zinesiphambano sendawo eyisikwele, futhi ebusweni bazo kukhona izinwele ezinwele. Amahlamvu anomumo wolayini we-elliptical. Ngobude bafinyelela amasentimitha angama-4, futhi ububanzi - amasentimitha ayi-1. Imvamisa kunezinhlobo zezimbali ezimhlophe, kepha kukhona nezibomvu noma zipinki.
I-Metrosideros sclerocarpa (Metrosideros sclerocarpa)
Ungowe-subgenus Metrosideros. Izwe lakubo yi-Australia. Lesi sihlahla esihlangene kakhulu, esingafinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha ayi-10. AmaLeathery, amaqabunga aluhlaza anombala obunjiwe noma ovoid. Ngobude, bangafinyelela kusuka kumasentimitha amathathu kuya kwayi-6.5, futhi ububanzi - cishe amasentimitha amathathu. Izimbali zipendiwe obomvu obujulile.
I-umbrella metrosideros (Metrosideros umbellata)
Ungowe-subgenus Metrosideros. Izwe laseNew Zealand. Lesi isihlahla esincane ekuphakameni esifinyelela kumamitha ayi-10. Amaqabunga aluhlaza-grey anomumo obunjiwe o-oval. Ngobude, angafinyelela kusuka kumasentimitha amathathu kuya kwayi-6.
Lolu hlobo lokuphawuleka kakhulu kunazo zonke. Kuyathandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi futhi inenani elikhulu lezinhlobo kanye nzalo.
I-Metrosideros polymorph (Metrosideros polymorpha)
Ungowe-subgenus Metrosideros. Ezasekhaya iziQhingi zaseHawaii. Imvamisa, lesi sitshalo isihlahla esinamagatsha anamanzi kakhulu futhi sibe mude, kepha sitholakala ngesimo somuthi. Amahlamvu anombala osuka ku-greenish-grey to green. Ifomu labo yi-obovate. Ngobude bafinyelela kusuka ku-1 kuya ku-8 amasentimitha, futhi ububanzi - ukusuka ku-1 kuye ku-5.5 amasentimitha. Imvamisa, kutholakala izinhlobo zezimbali ezibomvu, kepha umbala wazo upinki, obomvu-orenji noma usalimoni.
