Abezizwe (abeMelika) - izitshalo ezimangalisa ezithinta umbala wezimbali zabo ezinkulu. Abanye baqoqa lonke iphalethi eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka - kusuka kusafire ekhanyayo, egcwele, baphenduka baba nsomi, baba nsomi. Futhi kunezinhlobo ezinezimbali ezipinki, ezimhlophe, eziphuzi. Zingaphezu kuka-90 izinhlobo zama gentians ezisetshenziswa emasikweni. Bahlobisa amagquma namathafa e-alpine, atshalwe emingceleni nangokhaphethi oqhubekayo.
Abezizwe (abeZizwe)Ngokuvamile, ama-amateurs akhula izinhlobo zaseYurophu - i-alpine gentians (i-alphine gentians), i-stemless (i-Nations yama-acaulis), intwasahlobo (i-Nations yama-verna), i-selemo (i-Nations asterpiadae), enezingxenye eziyisikhombisa (i-Nations septemfida), njll. Zizinze kulinywe, zilula ukulinyelwa. I-gen genanan (i-Nationsana lutea) ivelele ngosayizi wayo (iyisitshalo esikhulu esifinyelela kumamitha ayi-1.5) kanye nenani lokwelapha.
I-Asia indawo yokuzalwa kwezinhlobo eziningi. Sinikeza ukujwayela ezinye izinhlobo zaphakade zohlobo lobuzwe ezivela eChina. Iningi lazo limangalisa, liqhakaza ehlobo nasekwindla (isikhathi sokuqhakaza ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo sikhonjisiwe).
Abezizwe (abeLizwe)- Umuntu weZizwe muhle kakhulu (Abezizwe ampla) -3-7 cm amade ngamaqabunga amise okwama-awl. Izimbali zingashadi, zinkulu, zibunjiwe, zibunjiwe, ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, zimhlophe ezansi ngemithende emnyama emincane. Itholakala ema-alpine meadows endaweni ephakeme engama-3200-4500 m ngaphezu kolwandle. Iqhakaza kusuka ngoJuni kuya kuSepthemba.
- OngoweZizwe (Abezizwe praticola) - ama-5-11 cm amade ngamaqabunga e-oval amnyama aluhlaza noma onsomi. Izimbali ziqoqwa ngezingcezu eziningi phezulu kwehlumela nasemakhomeni amaqabunga, kubunjiwe bell, kupinki ngemivimbo ebomvu emnyama ezansi. Ikhula emameleni ezintabeni endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-1200 ukuya kwangama-200 ngaphezu kolwandle. Iqhakaza ngoSepthemba nango-Okthoba.
- Umdwebi ohlotshiswe ngesiShayina (I-Nationsana sino-ornata) - Ama-cm angama-50 amade ngamaqabunga amise okwama-awl asakazekile endaweni yonke yezimbali. Izimbali zinombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka onesisekelo esimhlophe, esimhlophe, esikhulu. Sitholakala ema-metadows ezintabeni endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angama-2400- 800. Siqhakaza ngoMeyi nango-Agasti.
- Abezizwe Arethusa (Abe-Nationsana arethusae var. i-delicatula) - Ama-cm angama-10-15 amade ngamaqabunga amancanyana amise okwama-awl asimboze isiqu. Izimbali zikhulu, zibukeka njenge-funnel, ezimise okwe-lilac enemisho emincane emincane engxenyeni engezansi. Emvelweni, okusatshalaliswa emithambekeni yezintaba, ezimayini, ezigodini ezinezintaba, emahlathini nasezihlahleni zezihlahlana eziphakeme ngamamitha angama-2700 kuya kwangama-4800 ngaphezu kolwandle. Iqhakaza kusuka ngo-Agasti kuya ku-Okthoba.
- Vikela gentian (I-Nations cephalantha) - ama-10-30 cm amade ngamaqabunga amakhulu amade anendawo ebonisiwe. Izimbali zinkulu, ziqoqene ezimbalwa eziqongweni zamahlumela nakuzo amaqabunga amaqabunga, opinki onsomi, enemivimbo emnyama emnyama ezansi kanye nephethini enamachaphaza emaphethelweni wamazinyo e-corolla. Isatshalaliswa emithambekeni enelanga futhi emaphethelweni amahlathi endaweni ephakeme ngo-2000 kuya ku-3600 m. Iqhakaza ngoSepthemba nango-Okthoba.
- Abezizwe bune-pink-flowed (Abezizwe Rhodantha) - ama-20-50 cm amade ngamaqabunga amakhulu e-oval enendawo ekhombe phezulu. Izimbali zinombala opinki, awodwa, makhulu, emaphethelweni wamazinyo we-corolla awabaliwe. Itholakala ema-meadows nasehlathini endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-1700-2500 ngaphezu kolwandle. Iqhakaza kusuka ngo-Okthoba kuya kuFebhuwari.
- Mnyama gentian (Nationsana melandriifolia) - ama-5-7 cm amade ngamaqabunga e-oval. Izimbali zingashadi, zinkulu, ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngephethini enamachashaza amhlophe eceleni komeno wamazinyo e-corolla. Itholakala ema-meadows naseziphethweni zamahlathi endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angama-2200-3300 ngaphezu kolwandle. Iqhakaza ngoSepthemba nango-Okthoba.
- I-Hardening gentian (AbeZizwe baqubuka) - - ama-30-50 cm amade ngamaqabunga aphakeme. Izimbali ziyi-lilac ephaphathekile, ziqoqwe eziqongweni zamahlumela ngezicucu eziningana. Sitholakala emithini yezintaba endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-1,500-2,800 ngaphezu kolwandle. Iqhakaza kusuka ngo-Agasti kuya ku-Okthoba.
Naphezu kokubukeka okumangazayo, imibala yokunethezeka yezimbali, ukuqhakaza okuningi, ama-gentians awandile esikweni. Imayelana nobunzima bokuzala kanye nezidingo eziphakeme zezitshalo zezimo zokuphila. Abathandi bezimbali bakhuluma ngeqiniso lokuthi kwabokufika badala izimo ezithandeka kakhulu futhi bakhula kahle kakhulu, kepha bengafuni ukuqhakaza. Izimbali eziluhlaza okwade zalindelwa zavela kuphela lapho izitshalo zidluliselwa emamitheni ambalwa eceleni.
Abezizwe (abeZizwe)Abezizwe bathanda ilanga noma isithunzi ngokuya ngendawo abahlala kuyo. Imvamisa zitshalwa emagqumeni ase-alpine, lapho zibukeka zimangalisa khona. Kodwa-ke, indawo evulekile enelanga nenhlabathi eyomile engadini yedwala ayilungele iningi labantu abasebenza izimbali entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Zikhula kahle hhayi eningizimu, kodwa entshonalanga, indawo eshisayo engashisi kahle noma emthunzini oyingxenye. Izinhlobo eziqhakaza ekwindla zizizwa zizinhle ogwini lwezidumbu zamanzi, ezinomswakama omkhulu. Izinhlobo eziningi zithanda inhlabathi enamadwala, ngakho-ke amatshe amatshe amhlophe ayafakwa emithonjeni lapho etshalwe. Isiza akufanele sime. Ungasebenzisa ipodium yezimbali.
AbeZizwe basakazwa ngembewu, bahlukanisa isihlahla nokusika. Imbewu incane kakhulu, ukuze kukhule umbungu udinga ukushintshashintshwa ezimeni ezinomswakama ngokulinganayo, ezinomoya omnandi kakhulu emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kwama-7 ° C izinyanga ezingama-1-3. Itheystatation yasungulwa ngokuhlolwa. Kwezinye izinhlobo, inyanga eyi-1 yanele, izinhlobo ze-alpine zidinga okungenani izinyanga ezi-2 zokupholisa. Uma isikhathi sokuphola singasekelwa, khona-ke imbewu ingaphinde iwelele esimweni sokuphumula kuze kube sentwasahlobo elandelayo. Imbewu ngaphambi kokuxebuka zihlanganiswa nesihlabathi esihle noma i-granular peat ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 3. Ungahlwanyela imbewu emhlabathini ovulekile ebusika embhedeni onamakhasi amaningi afafazwe kahle. Imbewu encane ihlwanyelwa phezulu, icindezelwa emhlabathini kuphela, ezinkulu zikhulu zifafazwe. Kusetshenziswa imbewu esanda kuvunwa.
Abezizwe (abeLizwe)Amabhasi ahlukaniswa entwasahlobo noma ekuqaleni kokuwa. Izinhlobo eziningi azibekezeleli ukufakelwa, ngakho-ke izitshalo zitshalwa ngenqwaba enkulu yenhlabathi futhi ziniselwe kakhulu.
Eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane eziningi, i-gentian isetshenziswe kabanzi emithini yabomdabu kuwo wonke amazwe, kufaka phakathi iChina neNdiya, ngenkathi inentshiseko yokuthi eYurophu endle icishe ingatholakali.
E-Russia, i-gentian ihlelwe ku-Red Book. Izinto ezinobuthaka nazo zitholakala kwezinye izikhulu ze genus gentian, kodwa ngamandla wentukuthelo zonke zingaphansi kwe-gentian ephuzi ...
Izinto ezisetshenzisiwe:
- U-E. Gorbunova, oyisilungu sesayensi yezinto eziphilayo. Amanoveli engadi
