Emakhotheni ehlobo abalimi abasebenza phakathi komgwaqo ophakathi nendawo, izinhlobo ezingamelana neqhwa ngokuvamile zitholakala. Lokhu kufaka, ngokwesibonelo, uLydia noma u-Isabella. Kodwa, ngeshwa, ziyahlukahluka ku-berry encane nokunambitheka okungashintshi. Ngenxa yemizamo yabafuyi bezitshalo, kuye kwavela izinhlobo zezithelo ezinikeza amajikijolo amakhulu ezimeni ezinzima zaseRussia.
Njengoba uthenge izinhlobonhlobo zokukhetha zanamuhla, ungathemba isivuno esihle, ukumelana nezifo nesithwathwa. Ngale ndlela, ukunambitheka okucebile kweqembu elikhulu elihle ngeke kuvunyelwe kwimikhiqizo yaphesheya. Amagilebhisi akhulayo emgqeni ophakathi wabaqalayo kunconywa ukuthi aqale ngezinhlobo zokuqala. Ukuvuthwa kwabo kwenzeka maphakathi no-Agasti.
| Ukusuka kokumhlophe kuya kophinki | Uhambise uLilac kuViolet |
| Amber Samara | Agate Donskoy |
| I-Muscat Tsikhmistrenko, i-dessert muscat | Omisiwe abahlukile |
| Thokozani | Ubhuti kaDeight |
| Enyakatho ekuqaleni | Okuhlosiwe kusenesikhathi |
Izinhlobo ezinjalo zithathwa njengezithandwa ngokulinganayo: i-Kesha, i-Arcadia, iMuromets neCosmos. Zonke zihlukaniswa ngamajikijolo amakhulu anamnyama, usayizi weplamu encane. Banephunga elimnandi, ubumnandi nokunambitheka okuhle.
Ngabe udinga ukuthenga nini izinto zokutshala?
Ukuthenga umvini osezingeni, sebenzisa izeluleko zabasebenza ngama wayini abanolwazi.
- Ungathengi ngejubane. Uma uthatha isinqumo sokuthenga i-seedling enkulisa, ungathathi eyokuqala. Hlaziya isimo, uqhathanise izinhlobo, amanani. Yebo, uma kunethuba lokuhlola izinhlobo zabantu abadala ngesikhathi sokuhluma.
- Cabanga ukuthenga ukusika esivinini esikhulu. Hlela iholide nomnikazi, thakazelela izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene. Zama isixha sakho osithandayo. Bese ubuza ukuthi uthengise ama-cuttings kumagilebhisi akhethiwe. Ngakho-ke uqinisekisiwe ukuthola izinhlobo ezifanele, futhi kukho, ngaphezu kwezeluleko ezibalulekile namagama ahlukanisayo.
- Izinto ezibonakalayo ze-Autumn zivame ukuqina kakhulu kunentwasahlobo. Uma ehlushwa amakhaza ebusika, khona-ke entwasahlobo uyakhula masinyane.
- Wabasaqalayo abaphakanyisiwe ukuthi bathathe ngokushesha izinhlobonhlobo eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-hybrid. Imvamisa zidinga ukunakwa okwengeziwe, isisekelo solwazi oluthile nesipiliyoni.
- Izithombo ezithengiwe akufanele zigcinwe. Kunconywa ukuba kufakwe emanzini afudumele futhi kutshalwe emhlabathini ngosuku.
Ungathathi izinhlobo zezithelo zama "elite" ezimakethe kusuka kubathengisi abangaqondakali. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ubeka engcupheni yokuthenga "ingulube epokothweni."
Ikuphi indawo enhle?
Uma uhlela ukutshala isihlahla esisodwa, bese uzama ukukhetha indawo enelanga kuyo. Kufanele isuswe ezihlahleni nasezihlahleni. Ezivinini ezinkulu zesikhathi esizayo, bakhetha indawo enezimpawu ezilandelayo:
- emthambekeni ovela eningizimu, eningizimu-ntshonalanga noma ohlangothini olusempumalanga;
- isikhala sikhanya kahle phakathi nosuku;
- indawo ekude namanzi aphansi komhlaba kanye namaxhaphozi.
Musa ukutshala umvini ohlangothini olusenyakatho, ngaphansi kwesihlahla, noma eduze echibini.
Ungatshala kanjani?
- Izinto ezibonakalayo ezithengiwe futhi zifakwe emini zinqunywe kancane. Izimpande zifushaniswa kancane, kepha ihlumela lincishiswa ngama-3 efihlekile. Uma kunezendlalelo eziseceleni - nazo ziyasuswa.
- Isithombo esilungiselelwe sigxunyekwe nezimpande kusixazululo sobumba, sibekwe emseleni olungiselelwe noma emgodini.
- Thintana nochwepheshe ukuthi ungawondla kanjani amagilebhisi ngesikhathi sokutshala, kukubeka okungakanani ukubeka isithende se-chubuk nokuthi iyiphi imisele efanele indawo yakho. Iseluleko esinjalo singaba ngcono kunezeluleko ezijwayelekile.
- Uma ukutshala kwenziwa ebusika, khona-ke udinga ukwenza indunduma ezungeze ihlumela, futhi lapho kubanda isimo sezulu, simboze ngebhodlela lepulasitiki. Indawo yokuhlala ephezulu ingambozwa nge-mulch noma nge-peat.
- Ukutshala intwasahlobo kubandakanya ukuthambisa umgodi wokutshala. Njengoba sebethole i-chubuki futhi bebumbanisa inhlabathi ebazungezile, bayashintsha. Ilanga lasentwasahlobo elikhanyayo lingashisa amahlumela amasha.
- Ngemuva kwesonto, izithombo zasentwasahlobo ziyaniselwa futhi, futhi ngemuva kokuba inhlabathi isomile, ungqimba lwayo oluphezulu luyathukululwa.
Ungayinakekela kanjani isivini entwasahlobo?
Ngemuva kokuqala kokukhula kwezinsizwa ezincane, kanye nezithombo ezinonyaka owodwa ubudala, kudingeka izindlela eziningi zokuphoqelela. Ukunakekelwa kwamagilebhisi entwasahlobo ngalendlela elandelayo:
- Ukususwa kokhula ngaphansi komvini nokuzungeze isihlahla;
- ukukhululwa kwenhlabathi;
- ukusikwa kwezimpande zonyaka okungekho ku-20 cm ngaphansi komhlabathi (inhlabathi iyaklwebheka futhi inyulwe);
- ukufafaza kwentwasahlobo okuvikela izitshalo nge-Bordeaux ketshezi ngaphambi kokuqala kwesizini.
Ungaphuzisa kanjani?
Ukuqinisekisa ukondliwa okwanele kwezitshalo ezindala, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukuthambisa okuningi ngezikhathi eziningi entwasahlobo-ehlobo. Ngesikhathi - okungenani amalitha ayi-15 amanzi ngaphansi kwesihlahla esingu-1. Amanzi ezimpandeni akumele axege. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukuvela kwezifo zokukhunta nokubola kohlelo lwezimpande kungenzeka. Ukudonsa amanzi ngendlela efanele kuzosiza ukugwema lokhu. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi kungakanani ukuthambisa amagilebhisi ehlobo, udinga ukwazi ukubuswa kwezinga lokushisa kwendawo leyo ehlobo. Ehlobo elibandayo nelinethayo, ungathela izihlahla amahlandla ama-2. Uma izinkomba zokushisa zivamile, khona-ke ungachitha inkathi 4 yokunisela.
Uma isimo sezulu sivele saba manzi kakhulu, khona-ke amagilebhisi kufanele anikezwe ngokukhethekile. Ukusebenza okukhethekile kwamagilebhisi ngemuva kwemvula kuyadingeka. Umswakama ophezulu uvusa ukwanda okusheshayo kwezilonda eziyingozi. Kuyadingeka ukufafaza izihlahla ngezixazululo ezahlukahlukene ongavikela kuzo ngokulimaza sekwephuzile, isikhutha ne-oidium.
Kuyini ukuthena futhi ukukwenza nini?
Abatshali bomvini ophakathi nendawo benza ukuthenwa komhlaba wonke kabili ngonyaka. Ukusika amagilebhisi ekwindla kubalulekile ngaphambi kokukhosela ebusika. Amahlumela amade afushaniswa, emva kwalokho kufanelekile ukuwabeka endaweni yokuphumula nesembozo. Inqubo yasentwasahlobo yenzeka ngemuva kokudalulwa. Izithombo ezibandayo nezomile ziyasuswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngesikhathi sokukhula kwesihlahla, ukuncipha amahlumela kwenziwa futhi ukuwuthena ukuze kwakheke umvini ofanele.
Ukuze isihlahla sakhiwe kahle, kufanele sinqunywe kusuka onyakeni wokuqala. Amahlumela aluhlaza ayaphuka, angabavumeli ukuba bange amagatsha. Kuma-specimens amasha, amagatsha aqhakaza izimbali ayasuswa, avimbele amajikijolo ekwakheni. Unyaka wokuqala ungancishiswa, unikeze wonke amandla ekukhuleni inqwaba. Izinkomba zesobunxele ziqondisa futhi zibophe.
Uma ulindela ukuthola isitshalo esinamandla, khona-ke wonke amahlumela asele kufanele aqondiswe phezulu.
Ukwakhiwa okuqondile kwesihlahla samagilebhisi kusuka ngonyaka wokuqala kukhonjisiwe kuvidiyo, okuzosiza ukuqonda imigomo yenqubo futhi kuvikele amaphutha.
Ungawumboza kanjani amagilebhisi ebusika?
Zonke izinhlobo ezi-hybrid zidinga ubusika obufudumele. Ngakho-ke, ekwindla ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa, kubalulekile ukumba wonke amahlumela noma ukumboza ngezinto zokumboza. Lokhu kuzosindisa isitshalo ekuqandeni. Ngemuva kokuthena ekwindla, isihlahla siniselwa kahle. Ngemuva kwalokho zonke iziswebhu ziyasuswa ku-trellis bese zibekwa otshanini noma emacembe owomile. Phezulu embozwe ngamagatsha e-spruce, isakhiwo sokhuni noma simane simbozwe ngomhlaba.
Uma ungazi ukuthi ungawumboza kanjani amagilebhisi ebusika, kufanele ubuke ividiyo bese ulungiselela kusengaphambili. Awukwazi ukwenqaba ukwenza le nqubo, ngaphandle kwalokho isitshalo esinempilo ngeke sisebenze.
