Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi izinto zokutshala i-currant zithengiswa enkulisa, abantu abaningi bakhetha ukuzikhiqiza bodwa. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngezinhlobo ezibaluleke kakhulu. Lapho ngokuxhunyelelwa ngonyaka owodwa, bathola inombolo efanelekile yamabhasi amasha anazo zonke izinzuzo zesitshalo somama. Kunezindlela eziningana ezisebenzayo zokusabalalisa lesi sitshalo:
- ukubekelwa phansi kwezingodo ezisikiwe;
- ukusakazwa ngokusikwa okuluhlaza;
- ukubekwa kwezimpawu
Ukusakazeka kwama-currants nge-cuttings lignified
Le ndlela ingenye esebenzayo kakhulu futhi ithele. Lapho ulisebenzisa elivela egatsheni lonyaka, izithombo ezimbalwa ezinhle zingatholakala. Ubude bawo buba malunga nama-20-30 cm. Ububanzi besibambo bungama-6-8 mm. Izinso okuso kuzo kufanele zihlale zinjalo. Isigaba se-apical senziwa ngethuluzi elibukhali (secateurs, ummese) 1 cm ngaphezu kwezinso. Kulokhu, i-apex engenalo lign isuswe ngokuphelele. Isigaba se-oblique senziwa ngaphansi kwezinso eliphansi. Izimpande zakheka ngaphansi kwezinso naphakathi kwezindawo zesibambo. Ukutshala ama-cutter lignified kungenziwa kokubili entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Entwasahlobo, ukuvuna izinto zokutshala kuvame ukuhlanganiswa nokusikwa kwezihlahla.
Ama-cuttings asikwa kuphela kusuka ku-assimens enempilo ye-currant. Zitshalwe endaweni ebizwa ngokuthi "i-cuticle" (imvamisa ifana nomsele obunjwe nge-V) ngenhlanganisela yobumba enempilo, enomhlaba ovundile, umquba, umquba obolile. Ukujula kokwehla cishe cishe ngamasentimitha ayi-15. Izinso ezi-2-3 zishiywe ngenhla komhlabathi. Imisele enjalo ilungiswa kusuka ekwindla.
Entwasahlobo yokuqala, lapho inhlabathi igcwele umswakama, ukusikwa okunezinhlamvu kutshalwe kuyo. Umhlabathi osikiwe kufanele ugotshwe kwi-bayonet yefosholo. Inhlabathi yomswakama inomthelela ekwakhekeni ngokushesha kohlelo lwezimpande. Lapho utshala enhlabathini, isikhathi esiphakathi kokusikwa kufanele sibe ngu-10 cm. Lapho ukutshala kwentwasahlobo kwezinto zokutshala kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi maduze nje lapho kukhiqizwa, umphumela uba ngokushesha. Ingaphezulu lomhlaba lihlanganiswe nge-peat noma i-humus ebolile. Le nqubo ivimbela ukulahleka komswakama enhlabathini. Ungqimba lwe-mulch kufanele lube ngu-3-5 cm. Ungase futhi umboze inhlabathi ngefilimu emnyama, engagcini nje ngokugcina umswakama, kepha futhi evimbela ukuhluma kokhula.
Abanye abalimi batshala izingcezu ezimbizeni ezincane. Wonke umuntu angazikhethela indlela yokutshala izithombo ngasese. Ngezinye izikhathi abalimi abanolwazi bakhiqiza ama-currants ebusika. Kulokhu, umuntu akufanele angaphuthelwa isikhathi lapho izinso zingena esigabeni sokuphumula. Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-Autumn kwe-blackcurrant kwenziwa ngasekupheleni kukaSepthemba - ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba. Ukutshala okusikiwe kwezinye izinhlobo zalesi siko kuqala kakhulu ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti. Uma ukwenziwa kabusha kwama-currants abomvu kwenziwa kamuva, inani lokutshala kahle izisekelo lizoncishiswa kakhulu. Ngesikhathi sokutshala kwentwasahlobo ukusikwa, amahlahla amasha akhiwe kahle atholakala kuze kube ekwindla, atshalwe endaweni ehlala njalo. Izitshalo ezikhiqizwe kabi zisale ku-cuticle kuze kube isizini ezayo.
Ungasakaza kanjani ama-currants nge-cutways eluhlaza
Uma umlimi engabanga nesikhathi sokusakazwa kwentwasahlobo ngokusika okulamula, khona-ke angaphendukela ekutholeni izitshalo ezisencane ngosizo lwamahlumela aluhlaza angenawo lignified. Izinto zokutshala ezinhle akufanele ziphihlize lapho zigobile. Ukuphinda kukhiqizwe ama-currants ngale ndlela kwenzeka ngezigaba:
- Ukusika kuvunwa ekuseni ngezinsuku ezibandayo kakhulu. Esimweni sezulu esinethayo, izinto zokutshala zinganqunywa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sosuku. Ubude bezinsika bungamasentimitha ayi-15. Kufanele babe namapheshana angama-3-4. Isigaba se-apical senziwe ngaphezulu kwezinso eliphakeme (1 cm ukusuka kulo), nelincane - ngaphansi kwengono (0.5-1 cm ngaphansi kwalo). Lapho utshala enhlabathini, amaqabunga amaqabunga amaqabunga aphansi anqunywa phakathi.
- Ngaphambi kokutshala izinhlamvu emhlabathini, zifakwe kwisisombululo se-stimulator sokukhula samahora ayi-12-24. Imiphumela emihle inikezwa yizidakamizwa ezinjenge-heteroauxin ne-indoline-butyric acid.
- Ama-cutways ahlanganisiwe atshalwe ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo noma ngaphansi kwefilimu ku-greenhouse. Bangcwatshwa emhlabathini oyi-2,5-3 cm, okuhlanganisa inhlanganisela yomquba wakudala, i-peat nesihlabathi ngokwesilinganiso esingu-1: 1: 1.
- Ukuze kube nokubanda okuqinile, ama-currants adinga umswakama ophezulu. Lapho ukutshala ukusikwa okuningi, kungambozwa ngezimbiza zeglasi noma ukusika amabhodlela epulasitiki. Ezingadini zokugcina izithombo nezingotshani zokugcina izithombo, kuyadingeka ukuthi kukhiqizwe izikhathi ezi-4-5 ukufafaza nsuku zonke ukusikeka. Le nqubo kufanele yenziwe amasonto ama-2-3.
- Izimbumbulu zihlala ziniselwa njalo ukuze inhlabathi ihlale inomswakama.
- Lapho ukhula izinto zokutshala ezivela ekusikeni okungekho lignified ku-greenhouse noma abamba ukushisa, kuvikelwa elangeni eliqondile nganoma iyiphi indlela efanelekile. Le nqubo ikuvumela ukuthi ugcine umswakama odingekayo.
- Ukusika kwe-rooting kwenzeka ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2-3. Ngemuva kwalokho, inani lokunisela liyancishiswa. Izitshalo ezisencane zidinga ukondliwa ngamanyolo aqukethe i-nitrogen.
- Ama-currants amasha embulelwa kancane inyanga eyodwa ngemuva kokukhula kwezimpawu. Nsuku zonke, isikhathi esichithwa emoyeni ovulekile siyanda.
- Izithombo zokutshala zikhula emiseleni entwasahlobo elandelayo, futhi endaweni ehlala njalo - ekwindla.
Le ndlela yokuzala isetshenziselwa zonke izinhlobo zama-currants.
Ukusakazeka kwe-currant ngokwenza
Le ndlela ilungele zonke izinhlobo zalesi sitshalo. Ngenkambiso yokusakazwa kokunye, ukubekwa okufanele kwesihlahla esinempilo entwasahlobo kumbiwa ngomhlaba. Ukuthola izinto ezinhle kakhulu zokutshala, ukusika okuneminyaka engu-2-3 kubekwa emiseleni encane ebunjiwe eduze kwesihlahla kuya ekujuleni kuka-10 cm. Ingxube yomquba, i-peat, ne-humus ebolile kuthelwa kubo. Izendlalelo zigxunyekwe emhlabathini zisebenzisa izikopelo zensimbi noma zokhuni, emva kwalokho zifafazwa ngenhlabathi enempilo. Indunduma ebangelwa ihlanganiswe.
Ngo-ekwindla, izingqimba zakha izimpande ezincane. Ahlukaniswa esihlahleni se-uterine, abese atshalwe endaweni ehlala njalo. Ngonyaka thola amahlahla amancanyana amahle we-currant emnyama. Kungathatha iminyaka engama-2-3 ukususa izinhlobo ezimhlophe nezibomvu. Ukukhiqizwa kwesihlahla se-uterine kuya ngohlobo nezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo. Ngomunye unyaka kusuka kusitshalo esisodwa ungafinyelela ku-12 lekhwalithi yokubekiselana.
Funda ngama-currants egolide!
