Ungayinakekela kanjani ama-sitrobheli ngemuva kokuvunwa?

Kungokwemvelo ukuthi akekho umlimi ongenazo okungenani izihlahla ezimbalwa zama-sitrobheli esakhiweni sakhe sengadi. Kukhona futhi lapho labo bonke "abangamakhulu" behlala emasimini e-sitrobheli futhi bethola isivuno esihle, kwesinye isikhathi, abazi ukuthi benzeni ngezitshalo ngemuva kokuvunwa okuphelele, okungukuthi, ku-sitrobheli esisodwa, kuvuniwe. Kuyavela ukuthi ngalesi sikhathi akukho lutho oluvunyelwe ukudonsa futhi luphonse izitshalo ze-sitrobheli kumadivayisi wabo. Ukuphela kokuqothuka yisikhathi esibaluleke kakhulu lapho isivuno sonyaka olandelayo siqala ukubekwa ngenkuthalo futhi uma isitshalo sinokwanele - ukushisa, umswakama, umsoco nokunakekelwa, lapho ngonyaka olandelayo isivuno singaba sikhulu kakhulu kunalo nyaka.

Ukunakekelwa kweStrawberry ngemuva kokuvuna.

I-Strawberry uphayinaphu, noma ingadi (i-Fragaria × ananassa) namajikijolo ayo kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi ama-sitrobheli, okungalungile kusukela endaweni yokubukwa kwe-botencical nomenclature, kepha yamukelwa emhlabeni jikelele. Sisebenzisa igama elithi "sitrobheli" kulokhu okushiwo, sisho ama-sitrobheli.

Imithetho Yokunakekelwa Kwasemuva Kokuvunwa Strawberry

Ngakho-ke, sizokutshela ngalokho okudingeka ukwenze masinyane ngemuva kokuvuna isivuno esiphelele kusuka kuma-sitrobheli, bese sihlola isigaba ngasinye ngokucophelela ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze kungabikho amabala amnyama (akucacile).

Ukuvula amandla

Isigaba sokuqala, empeleni, kukhulula umhlabathi. Thulula inhlabathi ngokucophelela, kuzo zombili izisekelo nangaphansi kwezihlahla, ngokuqikelela ukuthi ungalimazi uhlelo lwezimpande ezintekenteke zika-sitrobheli futhi ungathathi izimpande zalo zibheke phezulu. Ukuvula kuzothuthukisa ukufakelwa kwenhlabathi, kunciphise ukuqothuka kwenhlabathi, kuthuthukise imvelo yokuphefumula namanzi, ngokulandelana, izitshalo zizoqala ukuthola ukondleka okuningi kanye nomswakama kusuka endaweni efanayo yendawo, zikhule ngokujwayelekile, zikhulise futhi zibeke izithombo ezanele zokuzala ukuze kuqinisekiswe isivuno esikhulu se-sitrobheli.

Lapho ukhulula inhlabathi ezungeze izihlahlana ze-sitrobheli, zama ukuyiluma kancane ngasikhathi sinye ngenhlabathi entsha nenempilo, ikakhulukazi uma ubona ukuthi izimpande eyodwa noma eziningi azinalutho.

Ukhula

Umcimbi wesibili obalulekile, ongafakwa ngokoqobo ohlwini, ukhula imibhede, okungukuthi, ususe yonke imifino enokhula, ikakhulukazi utshani bukakolweni. Utshani bukakolweni bunesisindo esikhulu kakhulu futhi budla umswakama omningi nezakhi zomhlabathi. Kungcono ukungayinamatheli emhlabathini, kepha ukuyikhipha ngezandla zakho, mhlawumbe-ke, ukukhula kwayo okuqhubekayo kuzokwehliswa kakhulu.

Ungakhohlwa okunye ukhula, ngoba yincintisana efanayo, futhi ngenxa yalokho kufanele isuswe. Kungcono ukususa ukhula ngemuva kokunisela noma imvula enhle, khona-ke izimpande zokhula ikakhulu futhi kulula kakhulu ukuzikhipha enhlabathini.

Ukunisela

Imibhede idinga ukugcinwa inomswakama, kuphela zama ukuthulula umswakama ngaphansi kwezihlahla kusihlwa. Kungcono ukungathululeli amanzi emaqabini ntambama - ukushiswa yilanga kungenzeka. Ngokwemvelo, ama-sitrobheli kufanele ayinkcenkceshelwe ngesisekelo sezulu ngaphandle kwewindi, ngokwesibonelo, uma lina futhi inhlabathi isivele igcwele umswakama, khona-ke ukuchelela okungaphezulu akudingeki nhlobo, kufanelekile kakhulu ukukhulula inhlabathi, futhi mhlawumbe kudlule namaqabunga ambalwa aphansi kulezo , ezibethelwa ngokoqobo emhlabathini ukuze zithuthukise ukuhwamuka komswakama futhi zivikele ukubola ekwakheni.

Uma isimo sezulu sesomile futhi kungekho ngisho netha lemvula, ukuthambisa kuyadingeka. Lapho unisela, kungcono ukusebenzisa amanzi ahleliwe noma amanzi emvula, cwilisa inhlabathi ngokujula okungenani ama-5-6 cm ukuze izimpande zigcwaliswe umswakama. Ukulima inhlabathi nakho akunakwenzeka, kepha inhlabathi edonsa ngokweqile izolimaza izitshalo.

Ukudonsa ngenkasa of sitrobheli.

Uma ungumhlali wedolobho lasehlobo, lapho uvakashela khona ngezimpelasonto kuphela, ungaklama uhlelo olulula lokunisela. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuthatha umgqomo wamalitha angama-200, uwubeke endaweni ephakeme encane, ngaphansi komfula wemvula ovela ophahleni, wenze izimbotshana ezimbalwa ezisekelweni somgqomo (ngokusho kwenombolo yemigqa embhedeni) wamashubhu akhethekile - ama-droppers bese usakaza emibhedeni ngama-sitrobheli. Umswakama ogeleza ngokudonsela phansi uzothambisa inhlabathi lapho ungekho, lapho idingeka khona.

Ukuxubha

Uma ngokufakwa kwamaconsi ungafuni "ukukhathaza", ungamane ugxilisa umhlabathi ngemuva kokunisela ngakunye, ungqimba lwamasentimitha ambalwa. Njengoba sitrobheli isithombo semifino, ungasebenzisa utshani, sawdust, humus noma umhlabathi owomile nje. Izinsuku ezimbalwa, i-mulch enjalo yokugcina umswakama enhlabathini izokwanela.

Esimweni lapho ngemuva kokuvuna i-sitrobheli, ungqimba lwe-mulch yakudala luhlala esakhiweni, yithi, utshani obabeke ukugcina berry lihlanzekile futhi livikele ekubonakala kokubola kwezithelo, kubalulekile ukusisusa ngokucophelela bese usishisa lesi mulch, usisebenzise futhi asikho isidingo, ngoba ama-bacterium ayingozi anganqwabelana kuwo.

Ukususa amaqabunga amadala

Isigaba esilandelayo: njengoba wazi, amaqabunga amaqabunga ama-sitrobheli, ngemuva kokuwakhonza iminyaka emibili, aqala ukuguga, ukuze ubasuse ngokuphephile. Benza lokhu ngazo zonke izindlela: bayihlanganisa nge-rake, bayicheba futhi bayisike ngesandla. Asikho umhlahlandlela ocacile wezenzo ezinjalo, kodwa ungakhohlwa ukuthi lapho ususa amabala e-sitrobheli akudala, alahliwe, kubalulekile ukuthi ungalimazi amaphuzu okukhula. Ngokunikezwe lokhu, izindlela ezimbili zithathwa njengezinokushiya kakhulu - amaqabunga amadala akudala nge-rake (angahlukaniswa kalula) futhi azisuse ngesandla.

Ukugqokwa kwe-Strawberry

Lesi sigaba sihlanganiswa: ukususwa kwamaqabunga amadala amaqabunga kungahlanganiswa nokudla kwezitshalo. Ngemuva kokuzala kabusha inzalo, izitshalo ze-sitrobheli ziyaphela impela, futhi kusebusika obude phambili nesikhathi esifushane ngaphambi kwalapho kudingeka ukuba nesikhathi sokutshala izimbali ezingaphandle kabusha ukuze unikeze isivuno esihle sonyaka olandelayo.

Uma kunokudla okuncane emhlabathini, lokhu kungathinta kabi ukungavikeleki: kuzokwehla amandla nezitshalo zingabanda ebusika nasezingeni lokukhula, ngakho-ke izihlahla zizobeka inani elincane kakhulu lokuqhakaza kwezimbali.

Yini ukondla engadini sitrobheli emva kokuvuna?

Ukwethulwa kwento eyodwa ukuze kulondolozwe isilinganiso esifanele sezakhi zomzimba emhlabathini kuzoba ngokunganele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sincoma kakhulu ukuthi kungeniswe zonke izinto ezisefomini elincibilikisiwe emanzini ukuze zifike ezimpandeni ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka futhi, ngokufanele, zingene kuso.

Ngalesi sikhathi, kungcono ukusebenzisa i-potassium sulfate (hhayi i-chloride) encibilikisiwe emanzini, i-ammonium nitrate ne-superphosphate. I-potassium sulfate, ngokuya ngemitha yesikwele yenhlabathi ebilokhu ihlanjululwe ebhakedeni lamanzi, idinga amagremu ayi-15-18 (lokhu ngelitha ngalinye lesikwele), ammonium nitrate - inani elifanayo endaweni ngayinye, kepha i-superphosphate idinga amagremu angama-45-50, futhi nenani elifanayo lamanzi ancibilikisiwe ebhakedeni, futhi ngesilinganiso esifanayo samamitha skwele emibhede enezihlahla ezinotshani.

Ngokungezelela kokusebenzisa umanyolo wamaminerali we-liquid, ngemuva kwesonto, ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye, i-50-70 g yokhuni lomlotha ingafafazwa emhlabathini okhululwe ngaphambili futhi onamanzi, yize kungekho potassium eningi emlotheni wezinkuni, kungama-5-6% kuphela, kepha kunamanye amaminerali amaningi. izinto (ukulandelela izinto).

Lapho kungekho khona umlotha wezinkuni ngaphansi kwezihlahla zama-sitrobheli asendle, ungafafaza idlanzana lomquba, akukho okungalungile ngalokho. Ngandlela-thile ngathola isiyalo sokuthi ngaleso sikhathi ngaphansi kwengadi ye-sitrobheli bathululela inqwaba yomquba owomile, bazama izitshalo ezimbalwa, bomile emva kwami, ngakho-ke lesi seluleko sisengozini yakho nengozi.

Ngokuqondene nomlotha wokhuni, ungafafazwa hhayi kuphela ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye, kodwa futhi usakazeke emigodini yendlela, eyakhululwa ngaphambili futhi yachotshozwa, ichitha amakhilogremu amabili ngemitha yesikwele. Abanye babhala ukuthi iyasiza ibhere, ngiyakungabaza, kepha yilokho okucebisa inhlabathi ngezinto ze-potassium nezomkhondo - lokhu iqiniso.

Ngokuqinisekile, kuzobe kungumbala omkhulu ukusho ukuthi, ngokwenza yonke le misebenzi, ushiya imfucumfucu yesitshalo namahlamvu amadala emasimini, ngokuqinisekile akufanele ukwenze lokhu, yonke imfucumfucu evela kusayithi kumele isuswe futhi ishiswe: izifo, izilokazane nezinye ezahlukahlukene amagciwane.

Ukutshala kwenhlabathi nokuqedwa kwezihlahla zotshani.

Ukuvikelwa Strawberry ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni

Isigaba esilandelayo esibalulekile, esithe ngenxa yokuthi ngasizathu simbe asinakwa ngabaningi, siyindlela yokuvimbela nokuqeda ukuqothula kokutshala kwama-sitrobheli asendle ngemuva kokuhluma, kokubili kusuka ezinambuzaneni nasezifo. Lapho wonke amajikijolo esekhishiwe, hlola ngokucophelela izitshalo ukuthola izinambuzane noma izimpawu zezifo ezahlukahlukene.

Izifo, eziphikisana nenkolelo evamile, esivandeni se-sitrobheli impela. Thatha okungenani i-Powdery isikhutha. Izimpawu zalo zokuqala zokubonakaliswa zibonakala ngesimo sokuhlanganiswa okumpunga emaphepheni amaqabunga ama-sitrobheli, kamuva lawo maphepha aqala ukubola, futhi, empeleni, ayawa, asontekile.

Kwisibonakaliso sokuqala sesifo, lapho isivuno sonke se-sitrobheli sesivele sesivuniwe, izitshalo zikhiqiza ngesandla esikhulu - ngaphezulu nangaphezulu zidinga ukuphathwa ngesisombululo se-colloidal sulfure, lapho udinga khona ukufaka amagremu ayikhulu we-colloidal sulfure ebhakedeni lamanzi okushisa egumbi, uxube kahle, inkathi ngebhodlela lokufafaza uphathe izitshalo, kumanzisa konke ingaphezulu.

Ukubola okumpunga kulimaza nesitrobheli segadi. Imvamisa kumajikijolo kukhona izindawo ezibonakala kahle ezimpunga futhi kwezinye izindawo amajikijolo enjalo asabambekile, abakhethi bamane bangawanaki. Awungeke ukwenze lokho. Okokuqala, udinga ukuqoqa wonke ama-sitrobheli athintekile bese uwaqothula ngokushisa: ngemuva kwakho konke, lokhu kuyizinkomba zokutheleleka; bese uphatha zonke izitshalo futhi ikakhulukazi ngokucophelela lezo lapho amajikijolo anesifo atholakala nesixazululo se-chloroxide yethusi esilinganisweni sama-45 g ngebhakede lamanzi. Moisten nge isixazululo yonke ingxenye esemoyeni izitshalo onesifo.

Okunye ukubola okuhlukaniswa ngabantu abambalwa kusukampunga kubolile obumnyama, ungawuhlukanisa ngamabala ezithelo, anombala omnyama ncamashi, yize isenzo uqobo nezindlela zokwelapha ziyefana ncamashí nokubola okumpunga.

Siyaqhubeka: ukubona amabala, imvamisa ukubona indawo kuthinta amabala amaqabunga ama-sitrobheli, bese kuvela amabala abomvu ngokubomvu. Awukwazi ukusikhipha, lesi sifo singasakazeka masinyane kwizitshalo ezinempilo futhi sithathe iningi lamahlathi. Ngaphandle, kubonakala sengathi lokhu akunangqondo, kahle, cabanga ngakho - amabala, kepha eqinisweni lezi zindawo ziholela ekuphazamisekeni kwizixhobo ze-photosynthetic futhi, ngokumelene nale ingemuva, zivimbela ukukhula kwesitshalo.

Kuyiqiniso, ngezinga elikhulu lokhu ngeke kuthinte ukubeka phansi isivuno se-sitrobheli sangonyaka olandelayo, kepha ukubona kusamele kusabalwe. Kulokhu, ukwelashwa ngesisombululo se-oxychloride yethusi kusiza ngempumelelo, kufanele kuhlanjululwe ku-50 g ngebhakede lamanzi futhi lesi sixazululo kufanele sisetshenziselwe ukwelapha izitshalo ezinesifo sitrobheli segadi.

By endleleni, abafikayo bavame ukudidanisa amahlamvu aphelelwe yisikhathi futhi abomvu ngombala othintekile. Khumbula ngokucophelela ukuthi udinga nje ukuhlanza amahlamvu asendulo, awudingi okunye ukwelashwa okwengeziwe.

Sisuka kahle ezifweni siye ezinambuzaneni - ngesikhathi lapho sitrobheli seengadi sewushiye wonke isivuno, sidinga nokuvikelwa ezinambuzaneni. Ngalesi sikhathi, ama-sitrobheli ahlaselwa yi-sitrobberry sitovu, umkhaza we-sitrobheli kanye nesimila sesicabucabu.

I-Strawberry weevil ivame ukudlela amaqabunga amaqabunga; kuzigaba zakuqala zokuthuthuka kwesitshalo, zingathinta futhi ukuqhakaza. Ukuze uqede i-sitrobheli se-sitrobheli, izitshalo zidinga ukuphathwa ngemithi yokubulala izinambuzane evunyelwe njenge-karbofos, ichitha u-70-80 g wesidakamizwa ebhakedeni lamanzi ngalinye. Lapho ucubungula, udinga ukumanzisa kahle phezulu nangaphansi kwamaqabunga e-sitrobheli bese uphatha inhlabathi futhi.

Isinambuzane esincane kunazo zonke i-sitrobert tick. Ukuqonda ukuthi kwakunguye otshaye amasimu we-sitrobheli, kungenzeka ngamahlamvu angonakali kancane, owashintsha umbala wawo waphuzi. Izindlela zokulawula ziyefana nakwisimo se-weevil.

Ukuthola imbuzane yesicabucabu ezitshalweni ze-sitrobheli kulula kakhulu: uma uguqula iqabunga, uzobona iwebhu yesigcawu kusuka ngezansi, lokhu kuyindlela yokuphila yesicabucabu.

Ngemuva kokubona imbuzane yesicabucabu ku-sitrobheli, emunca ujusi kusuka emaqabunga amaqabunga futhi ivimbe kakhulu ukukhula kwesitshalo, ukunciphisa ukungatheleleki kwayo, kubalulekile ukuphatha izitshalo nganoma iyiphi i-acaricide evunyelwe, futhi uma izitshalo ze-sitrobheli zithinteka kakhulu, kungcono ukuzisusa uzishise ngaphandle kwesiza.

Mulching sitrobheli zokutshala.

Ukushintsha izihlahla zakudala zesitrobheli

Ngakho-ke, sesishilo okuningi mayelana nokuthi yini okudingeka yenziwe ngemuva kokuthi ama-sitrobheli angatheli zithelo, kepha kude nakho konke, kusekhona izimfihlo, futhi sizokutshela ngakho manje.

Isibonelo, ingabe uyazi ukuthi ukwenziwa okugcwele kokugcina kwama-fungi ama-engadini kuhlala iminyaka emine kuphela, kepha emhlabathini owanele futhi onempilo kungatha ngisho iminyaka emihlanu, emva kwalokho, maye, kuyaphela ngaphandle komkhondo, futhi kungcono ukuvuselela isitshalo? Manje yazi!

Ngakho-ke, lapho nje usuvunile isivuno sesihlanu, esigcwele, isitshalo se-sitrobheli sizodinga ukushintshwa nesitsha esisha. Cishe ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi, wonke amaqabunga amadala futhi omile we-sitrobheli kufanele asikwe, asuswe, kusukela amahlumela namahlumela ukushiya kuphela isisekelo sesihlahla esinokuphakama okungaba ngu-2-3 cm.

Konke okunqunyiwe kufanele kususwe futhi kushiswe endaweni. Le nqubo inesihluku, nokho, lokhu vele ukuwa kuzovumela izitshalo ukuthi zakhe inqwaba yamaqabunga amasha futhi zibeke neziqalo zezimbali, okuwukuthi, isiqinisekiso sokuvunwa konyaka olandelayo.

Ukuthi wenzeni nge-sitrobheli amadevu?

Lapho izinqubo zisuswa, ziningi zazo futhi empeleni kuwusizi ukuzibhubhisa. Ngokunikezwe lokhu, uma unesikhala samahhala esanele, khona-ke izinqubo ezisele, ukukhetha eziqinile kakhulu futhi ezikhule kahle futhi ezinempilo, kufanele zidluliselwe emibhedeni esanda kutshalwa. Onke amanye amadevu kufanele asuswe, ngaphandle kwalokho ayovele adonsele umswakama nezinye izinto ngokwazo kulimaze ukwakheka komkhakha wezitshalo.

Amadevu ama-Strawberry kufanele anqunywe noma kunjalo, ngoba lokhu ummese wensimu uvame ukuthathwa futhi amadevu asuswe eduze komhlaba wenhlabathi ngangokunokwenzeka. Akunjalo, musa ukudonsa ihlumela, ngakho-ke ucishe ukhiphe ingxenye yezimpande, futhi ungomile, ngakho-ke sonke isitshalo sizokufa.

Ukuvuselelwa kabusha kwama-sitrobheli okutshala ngezendlalelo zamadevu.

Ilungiselela ama-sitrobheli ebusika

Akufanele ungakunaki ukulungiswa kwama-sitrobheli ebusika, lokhu kuyingxenye ebalulekile yesiqinisekiso sesivuno esihle sonyaka olandelayo. Uma kukhona umswakama owanele enhlabathini, khona-ke awudingi ukunisela izitshalo ekwindla sekwedlule, uma kungenele, khona-ke ngasekupheleni kuka-Okthoba ungathela amabhakede ambalwa amanzi ngesikwele senhlabathi.

Siphinde futhi sihlole izitshalo ngokucophelela, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kokunisela, uma uqaphela ukuthi uhlelo lwezimpande lunamathela kwezinye izindawo, ngakho-ke qiniseka ukumba ngomhlabathi omanzi futhi onempilo. Ekuqaleni kweziqalo eziqinile zokuqala, kuyadingeka ukumboza ngamagatsha e-spruce eqhwa ukugcina iqhwa endaweni yombhede ngama-sitrobheli, akusona isivikelo esinokwethenjelwa esivela kumakhaza, kepha kugcina iqhwa kule ndawo ngendlela efanelekile.

Kepha ebusika, abaningi abancomi ukusebenzisa utshani njengembozo yesitrobheli, imvamisa itshalwa lapho, ngakho-ke uma unotshani obuningi futhi akukho ndawo ongayibeka khona, khona lapho ubeka izimbambo ezinobuthi ukuze uzivikele kumagundane.

Yebo, yilokho kuphela esifuna ukukutshela kona. Uma unemibuzo noma amathiphu, bese ubhala ngabo kumazwana, sizophendula ngenhliziyo ngemibuzo futhi sisebenzise amathiphu!