Ukutshala kwe-Gazania kungapheli noma kwe-daisy yase-Afrika nokunakekela izinhlobo zezithombe nencazelo

Umndeni wezimbali ze-aster unezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-40. IGatzania noma i-gazania ihlukaniswa ngobuhle kubo bonke asters. Indawo okuzalwa kuyo imbali yiMozambiki, amazwe aseNingizimu Afrika. Abantu abaningi babiza le mbali ngokuthi i-daisy yase-Afrika. IGatzania itholakala ogwini olusembozwe yindunduma yase-Australia. UGatsaniya weza eYurophu ngekhulu le-17.

Abantu bayinikezela kumpristi oyedwa wase-Italy - Theodor von Gaza. Wenza umsebenzi omuhle, wanikela ngokuphila kwakhe ekuhumusheni imisebenzi kaTheophrastus no-Aristotle. IGazania iqhakaza elangeni elishisayo ntambama, iheha ngombala wayo wegolide. ENtshonalanga Yurophu yabizwa ngokuthi "igolide lasemini." Ebusuku, i-daisy yase-Afrika iyavala, ilale.

Incazelo yeGatzania

IGatzania minyaka yonke futhi ihlala njalo, isiqu asifane sikhule ngaphezu kwamasentimitha angama-30, kwesinye isikhathi asikhuli nakancane. Amahlamvu ezimpande akha irosette. Imbali ihlukaniswa ngamaqabunga aminyene, luhlaza ogcwele, kwesinye isikhathi zinombala oluhlaza okotshani. Ukwakheka kwamaqabunga kungahluka, kuya ngezinhlobonhlobo. Ngasohlangothini olungaphakathi lwamaqabunga kukhona i-villi evikela ukubanda nokuphelelwa ngamandla. Ngakho-ke, i-gatsaniya izobhekana nesomiso. Izwe elishisayo lizenza lizizwe lilodwa, imbali izodlula ekuvivinyweni kokushisa okukhulu nokuntuleka kwamanzi.

Ibhasikidi yezimbali inobubanzi obungamasentimitha angama-5-9. Isikimu sombala wezimbali siyehluka kusuka ophuzi, owolintshi kuya kobomvu. Isisekelo sesitshalo ngasinye sinezindawo ezihlukile. Umaphakathi umbozwe imibala eminingi yeshubhu yemithunzi ephuzi. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, i-achene enoboya inikeza ithuba lokuphindaphindeka. Imbewu ingatshalwa futhi.

Ukulinywa kukaGatsaniya kusuka imbewu ekhaya nasendaweni evulekile

Abalimi abaningi abaqalayo banesifiso sokukhula i-chamomile yase-Afrika. Banesifiso sendlela yokufeza izimbali ezinhle kakhulu. Imfihlo ilula, ake sizame ukuyithola.

Uma sihlwanyela emhlabathini

Imbali kaGatsaniya emhlabathini Photo ihlumela kusuka imbewu imbewu etshalwe ngaphambi kobusika

• Lapho uhlwanyela imbewu ye-gazania entwasahlobo izimo zezulu ziyabhekwa. Isimo sezulu esipholile, intwasahlobo sekwephuzile kuvimbela ukufika ekuqaleni. Kepha lapho umhlabathi uvuthwa, ungahlwanyela ngokuphepha: izitshalo ziyohluma kuphela lapho kudalwe izimo ezinhle.
• Imbewu ingahlwanyelwa ngaphambi kobusika ngethemba lokuthi ngeke babe nesikhathi sokukhuphuka. Kungaba ukuphela kuka-Okthoba - ukuqala kukaNovemba. Kungcono ukufaka izithombo zezihlahla zombhede ngamahlamvu awile, futhi zivikele imbewu kusuka kwisithwathwa. Entwasahlobo, imbewu izohluma masinyane lapho umhlaba ufudumala.

Izithombo zeGazania esithombeni segadi

Umbhede ngaphambi kokuhlwanyelwa ukhwetshwe ngokucophelela, wenze ngisho nemifino ecijile ngo-5 cm bese uzama ukuhlwanyela kancane ngangokunokwenzeka. Kamuva kuzokwazi ukuncipha ukukhipha, uma kusabonakala okukhulu. Ibanga phakathi kwezintambo ngu-20-25 cm, uma ungazidlulisi izitshalo. Ngemuva kokunciphisa izihlahla zilandelana, sibuye sigcine ibanga elingama-20-25 cm.

Uma umbhede uhlelelwe njenge-nursery, ungenza imifino ngo-8-10 cm bese ushiya ibanga emgqeni we-5-6 cm.Lapho izithombo zikhuphuka, ziyaniselwa bese zikhishwa ngenqwaba yomhlaba. Ungasebenzisa i-spatula yengadi bese ubamba ngokucophelela izitshalo zokufakelwa.

Uma sikhula izithombo ekhaya

Isithombe se-Gatsaniya sezimbali zezithombo lapho sitshalwe ekhaya

Isikhathi esifanele sokuhlwanyela imbewu yezithombo maphakathi no-Mashi noma ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli. Iziqukathi zokufika kufanele zijule ngokwanele. Izimpande zidinga ukunikezwa igumbi.

• • IGatsaniya ayibekezeleli inhlabathi esindayo. Kuyadingeka ukukhetha i-substrate ekhanyayo, ukuqina okuhle kwamanzi. Inkomba ye-acidity ingu-5.5-6.5.
  • Imbewu ayihlwanyelwa kakhulu (i-2-4 cm phakathi kwabo), ukujula kokutshala kungama-0,5-1 cm kuphela, ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke kumile.
  • Ukwenza umsebenzi ube lula, ake ucabange ukuthi isiqephu sendawo yibhodi ye-chessboard. Hlela imbewu ye-gazania enjenge chess, uqaphela ibanga phakathi kwabo - amasentimitha ayi-2-3. Vele ubeke imbewu, ufafaze nomhlaba.

• Isibhamu sokufafaza sizosiza ukufudumeza isivuno: ngale ndlela ngeke kube nomswakama owedlulele, futhi namanzi azothambisa umswakama wonke umhlaba.
• Ukushisa komoya kufanele kube okungenani ama-degree angama-18-20.
• Kungcono ukumboza imbewu ngefilimu, uqinisekise umswakama owanele. Kepha ifilimu idinga ukuvulwa nsuku zonke. Ukulungiswa okwakhiwa ngaphansi kwefilimu kufanele kususwe.
• Amahlumela avela emva kwezinsuku ezingama-7-14.
• Sisusa indawo yokukhosela, siyinisela njengoba umhlaba woma, umswakama ngokweqile awudingeki.
• Izithombo ezincanyana zingatholwa ezinkomishini ezihlukile lapho kuvela amaqabunga eqiniso ayi-2. Ungazisiza ngemfoloko ejwayelekile noma ngezinyo.
• Isonto ngaphambi kokutshala, sifudumeza izitshalo, sizishiya emgwaqweni isikhashana ekuqaleni, bese sikhulisa isikhashana usuku olugcwele.

Izithombe zezithombo ze-gazania zilungele ukufakelwa zingene emhlabathini

Ngokuvamile, ukutshala izithombo ze-gazania akunzima, kulula ngokwanele ukufeza ukuthambisa okufika ngesikhathi. Abalimi abashisekayo bangakhombisa ukunakwa okwengeziwe futhi bondle izithombo izikhathi ezi-1-2 ngaphambi kokutshala emhlabathini, ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10-12 okungenani.

Ungayitshala kanjani i-gazania yezithombo, ividiyo iyasho:

Mhlawumbe umlimi ovilapha kakhulu futhi ongumqalayo ongenalwazi angabhekana kalula nomsebenzi olula njengokukhula kwe-asczania. Ngasikhathi sinye, uzothola izinto ezinhle kakhulu zokutshala kanye nesehlo esimangalisayo esingakwazi ukuhlobisa noma iliphi ikona leNgadi, sikwenze kukhanye futhi kube kuhle.

Kuyamangaza ukuthi abatshali bezimbali abaningi abakwazi ukwahlukana nezimbali zabo abazithandayo futhi bezikhulise efasiteleni; ehlobo zihlobisa amabhaluni ngalo. Kukhona futhi izinhlobo zeminyaka, ezinkudlwana eziklanyelwe le nhloso.

Ukunakekelwa kweGazania

I-Gatsaniya imbali yezimbali yezithombe zezithombo ezikhulayo Ikhula kusuka ezinhlafunweni Ukutshala nini gatsaniya emhlabathini ovulekile

Uma izithombo ze-asczania zisesitsheni esijulile, ukukhetha akudingekile. Isitsha esingajulile ngeke sinikeze inkululeko ezimpandeni. Kuyadingeka ukulinda ukuthi kuqhume iqembe lesine, ukutshala izitshalo ezitsheni ezihlukile zokulahla. Ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo emhlabathini, kubalulekile ukuyigcina isikhathi esithile ekhaya. Amahlumela amasha angaba kwi-loggia evaliwe, emazingeni okushisa angama-12-16 degrees. Qala ukuqinisa izitshalo ngokuvula iwindi imizuzu embalwa. Gwema okusalungiswa I-Hardening inomphumela omuhle, isitshalo siba namandla. Lapho utshala i-gazania esiqeshini segadi noma i-flowerbed, izithombo ngeke zife ngenxa yokubanda.

Ukufika kukaGatsaniya emhlabathini ovulekile

Ukutshala izimbali ze-gatsaniya esithombeni somhlaba ovulekile

Lindela isimo sezulu esifudumele lapho uqiniseka ukuthi isithwathwa sokugcina sisele, kuphela emva kwalokho utshale i-gazany. Isikhathi esifanele sokubamba maphakathi nentwasahlobo. Lezi zimbali zithanda imisebe yelanga, kungcono ukuzitshala endaweni evulekile. Inhlabathi kufanele ibe nokudla okwanele. UGatsaniya akesabi ukushisa futhi uzozizwa kahle yize kungaqubuka isomiso.

• Imbiza ebunjiwe enezithombo ze-gazania itshalwa emhlabathini ngokushesha.
• Izithombo ezisebhokisini kumele zisuswe nezimpande zisebenzisa i-scoop, etshalwe emhlabathini.
• Zama ukungalimazi uhlelo lwezimpande.
• Bheka ibanga phakathi kwezihlahla - 20 cm.
• Izithombo zidinga izinyanga ezintathu ukuze zikhule, futhi zizokujabulisa ngezimbali ezinhle.

Ukunakekela i-African Chamomile Gazania

Gatsaniya imbali ukutshala isikhathi eside nokunakekelwa esithombeni somhlaba ovulekile

• Le mbali ayidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Inhlabathi inempilo, icwengekile kahle, imisebe yelanga izonikeza isitshalo amandla amakhulu.
• Ukupholisa akusona isizathu sokukhathazeka; i-gatsaniya izomelana nesithwathwa esincane ku -5 ... -7 C.
• Inhlabathi lapho ikhula khona i-gazania, udinga ukukhulula, ususe ukhula, ama-inflorescence omisiwe.
• Ukugwema izinkinga ngokhula, isomiso, inhlabathi ingathelwa.
• Ngisho nomhlabathi ovundile kakhulu awunakunikeza imbali izakhi ezanele zomsoco. Ngakho-ke, kufanele ukondle, kanye ngenyanga. Emhlabathini ompofu, kuyadingeka ukondla isitshalo njalo emavikini ayi-2. Ngokugqoka okuphezulu, udinga ukuthatha umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wamaminerali. Amagremu angama-25 anele kumitha skwele.

Izimbali

Ngemuva kokuhlwanyela imbewu, ngemuva kwezinyanga ezintathu, linda ukuqhakaza. Ngokufika ngesikhathi, lokhu kuzokwenzeka ngoJuni. Lesi sitshalo siyojabulisa ngezimbali zayo ezinhle kuze kube nguNovemba. Umjikelezo wokuphila kwebhasikidi elilodwa ungamaviki amathathu. Ebusuku, i-gatsaniya iyavala uma lina. IGatzania ngeke iqhume uma ukukhanya kwelanga kunganele. Ngokweqile komswakama, ukufakelwa sekwephuzile kwe-gazania kungenzeka kungavuleki. Ukunikeza izimo ezifanele, uzothola izimbali ezinhle eziningi. Kepha uma izimo zimbi, awukwazi ukulinda izimbali.

Ungasakaza kanjani ukugawulwa kwe-gazania

Ukusakazwa kwezimbali ze-Gatsaniya ngezithombe ezisikiwe

Izimbambo zingasikwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi esikahle: kungaba ihlobo, ikwindla noma ngisho nobusika, lapho i-gazania isendlini ebusika.

• Sika izingcezu ngobude be-10-12 cm, sisuse amaqabunga ezansi kwesiqu sesiqu, sinciphise izimpande zempuphu bese “siyitshala” engxenyeni yenhlabathi yezakhi.
• Sigcina umswakama ophezulu womhlabathi ukuze ubambe.
• Ngemuva kwesikhathi esingangenyanga nesigamu, ukusikeka kuzonikeza izimpande futhi ziqale ukukhula. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezintathu, izithombo zizobe zikulungele ukutshala emhlabathini.

Izifo Nezinambuzane

Yize i-asczania ingatheleleki kakhulu ezifweni, kepha kwesinye isikhathi yenzeka. Ezimweni ezingezinhle, isitshalo siba buthakathaka, singagula ngokubola okungwevu. I-Fitosporin isiza ekunqobeni lesi sifo. Izindawo ezinempilo zesitshalo ziyagcotshwa, iziguli zimane zisuswe.

Iminenke, izibungu zesicabucabu, ama-aphid alimaza i-gazania, ukusetshenziswa kwezindlela ezithile kuzosiza ukuqeda ubunzima. Iminenke idinga nje ukuthi ihlanzwe izandla zakho, ama-aphid abhujiswe yi-phyto-ipulazi noma i-acarin. I-Actellik, i-Fufanon, izidakamizwa ze-Ditox zizodambisa izibungu zesicabucabu.

Ukuqoqwa kwembewu

I-Gazania imbewu isithombe Indlela yokuqoqa nokusindisa imbewu

IGatsaniya akuvamile ukuthi isinde ekuqandeni izithelo, njengoba ihlobo endaweni yethu lisheshe liphele. Kepha uma ihlobo lishisa futhi lide, khona-ke kungenzeka ukuba ulinde imbewu. Ngeshwa, imbewu yezitshalo ezi-hybrid azigcini izici zezinhlobo. Futhi engadini yethu iziza kuphela izinhlobo ezi-hybrid ikakhulukazi.

Imbewu esekhulile ingandiza ihambisane nomoya, njengama-dandelion. Uma ufuna ukuqoqa imbewu ezitshalweni ezihlukile, vikela imbali emoyeni ngokuyisonga nge-gauze. Lapho ubona kuvela kwesibhamu esikhanyayo, khetha obhasikidi bese ushiya ukuvuthwa amasonto ambalwa endaweni emnyama neyomile. Kunconywa ukugcina imbewu esikhwameni esenziwe ngendwangu yekotini noma esikhwameni sephepha, qiniseka ukuyigcina isezingeni lokushisa elingadluli ku-22- 22 ° С. Kepha funda lapho kupholile kakhulu: 15-18 ° C. Umswakama ophezulu awemukeleki.

Ebusika gazany

IGatsaniya ebhodweni ingaqhubeka imifino ebusika

Imvamisa, ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali, izinsalela ze-asczania zimane nje zisikwe futhi ziphonswe kude, kuthi ngonyaka olandelayo ziphinde ziqale kabusha. Asikho isidingo sokulungiselela imbewu, ukuhlwanyela, ukulindela isimo sezulu esihle. Isitshalo esidala siyakwazi ukuqhakaza futhi, ukujabulisa ubuhle baso ngonyaka olandelayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungakwazi ukumba futhi uwuthele ebhodweni.

Ngemuva kwalokho i-gatsaniya idinga ukudluliselwa egumbini elipholile, lapho izinga lokushisa lingadonseli ku-8-10. Kufanele kube nokukhanya okwanele kuleli gumbi ukuze i-gazania ikwazi ukuthuthuka ngokuqhubekayo. Isitshalo sokulala kumele siniselwe, umhlaba akumele wome. Entwasahlobo ungaphinde utshale i-gazany embhedeni wezimbali. Amahlumela amasha, asanda kuvela, kuyilapho udinga ukunqunywa usisi.

Izitshalo ezintsha zitholakala kumsika we-gazania osikiwe, kwanele ukumane wehlise emanzini kuze kube yilapho izimpande zivele noma ukumane uzitshale ngokushesha engxube yezakhi, zinikeze ukuthambisa okuningi. Ebusika, i-galikayu ingagawulwa futhi entwasahlobo ukuthola izithombo ezintsha ezigcwele.

Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-gazania enezithombe nezincazelo

IGazania isibhamu eside iGazania longiscapa

I-Gazania Long Rifle Gazania Longiscapa I-Purpisc-Pink-Orange isithombe se-Gazania

Uyakwazi ukuqhakaza unyaka owodwa kuphela. Le gazania ayikhuli ngaphezu kuka-15- 20 cm. Eduze nezimpande kunamaqabunga amaqabunga egcwele umbala oluhlaza okhanyayo. Imvamisa bawa phansi. Kubhasikidi ungathola izimbali eziningi zama-tubular nezomhlanga. Izimbali ngokwazo zinombala ophuzi ophuzi, kepha isisekelo saso sinsundu.

IGazania enobudlova yeGazania, noma igqamile - iGazania iyaqhakaza

I-Gazania enokhahlo ye-Gazania risters, noma igqamile - iGazania icacisa isithombe

Ikhula ibe amasentimitha angama-30. Obhaskiti bezinsolo ze-Gazania riants bangaba amasentimitha ayi-6. Izimbali zingaba yishubhu, zibe mnyama-umhlanga nomhlanga, umbala wazo uhluka kusuka kokuphuzi kuya kokubomvu. Izindawo ezimnyama kufanele zibe sisekelweni. Amaqabunga angaba aphelele futhi ancwebe.

IGazania potsi Gazania pottsii

Kukhumbuza kakhulu okunokhahlo, kepha kunosayizi omkhulu. Ububanzi bebhasikidi bungamasentimitha ayi-12.

I-Peacock Gazania Gazania pavonia

Isithombe seGazania peacock Gazania pavonia khiqiza isithombe se-Daybreak Red Stripe

Amaqabunga alezi zinhlobo ahlukile kunawamanye ama-gatsanii abhalwe ngaphezulu - mncane futhi mude. Ububanzi bebhasikidi ngamasentimitha ayi-8. Umaphakathi uqukethe izimbali ze-tubular kuphela, isisekelo simnyama, kanti izimbali zomhlanga ziphuzi ngombala ngasemaphethelweni.

Ngenkathi ezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo zigqitshwa, abafuyi bezithelo bathola imhlophe eneqhwa, ikrisidi, i-hybrid ne-gatsaniya enezimbali ezinomhlwenga owodwa. Umbono we-hybrid ungajabulisa ngokuqhakaza kwawo ngisho nesimo sezulu esibi, lapho kungekho ilanga nhlobo.

IHybrid gazania

Izinhlobo ze-Hybrid ezidumile kubalimi:
I-Daybreak Red Stripe - izimbali eziphuzi, ezibonakaliswe ngemichilo ye-tint ebomvu, amahora aqhakaza ilanga egcwele;
Ithalente - ingxube enikeza izimbali ezinhle, ishiya usuku lonke olunelanga;
I-Ministar - inikeza izimbali ezinombala ophuzi namhlophe, ezihlukaniswa ngobuhle obukhethekile.