Hawthorn - inkosi yezihlahla zokuhlobisa

EYurophu, futhi ikakhulukazi eNgilandi, uthango lwe-hawthorn luyizintandokazi ngokuphelele. I-shrub enomqhele ohlukile obukhulu, futhi empeleni, ilungele kakhulu ukudala uthango oluhlaza. Kodwa i-hawthorn inezinye izinzuzo. Izimbali ezithandekayo nezimangazayo nezithelo ezinhle zizohlobisa noma iyiphi ingadi. Futhi ukukhuthazela nokungabekezeleli kwe-hawthorn kusenzekile.

I-hawthorn ejwayelekile, noma i-hawickorn (i-Crataegus laevigata).

IHawthorn - isitshalo esijwayelekile esingaphumi ngemfashini

IHawthorn isihlahla esikhulu sasengadini enkulu esicabanga ukuthi siyinto evamile futhi ejwayelekile. Kodwa akukho lutho olungahambi kahle mayelana nokuthi ukubukeka kwe-hawthorn kuyinto ejwayelekile kuwo wonke umuntu futhi sekuyisikhathi eside kusetshenziswa amakhulu eminyaka. Kuthembeke ngokwengeziwe ukuthola umuntu ozongena esikhundleni sokuhlobisa ingadi, nesitshalo esihle kakhulu sokwakha isizinda sangasemuva nokutshala okuminyene.

Igama lesayensi le-hawthorn - iCrataegus libonisa ngqo ubulukhuni bokhuni lwayo (kusuka ku- "krataios" - "solid"). Ngisho ameva e-hawthorn aqine kangangokuba angabhoboza cishe noma yisiphi isicucu, futhi ezinsukwini zakudala ayesetshenziswa esikhundleni sezipikili. Ngenxa yengxenye ebonakala kakhulu, enquma nezinhlobo eziyingqayizivele yalesi sitshalo eYurophu, i-hawthorn imane ibizwa ngokuthi iliva.

Abamele lolu hlobo lweCrataegus izihlahla ezinqumayo futhi ezihlala ziluhlaza, izihlahla ezingavamisile ukuba nomqhele omnyama. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi i-hawthorn inquma kaningi, ibanikeze ama-silhouette acwebile noma izindonga, ahlala acocekile futhi eqinile yize kungekho ukwakheka. Emvelweni, ukuphakama okuphezulu kwezihlahla akunqunyelwe kumamitha ayi-5-7, kepha engadini ye-hawthorn iyihlahla elingamamitha ayi-2 - 3 ukuphakama ngaphandle kokumbalwa okumbalwa. IHawthorn iyakwazi ukumangaza ngomqhele ococekile futhi omuhle womumo oyindilinga noma ocacile, ngokwemvelo obukhulu ngokwanele.

Amahlumela abomvu ngokunsomi, muhle kakhulu, ngamazinga ahlukahlukeneko wokuphamba. Amaqabunga amahle e-hawthorn angaba ephelele noma alayishwe, agqanyiswa ngombala oluhlaza okotshani ehlobo, kodwa alungisa umbukiso oyinhloko wokuwa, lapho isambatho esijwayelekile sithathelwa indawo umlilo obomvu we-orange.

Ameva e-hawthorn amahlumela aguquliwe, ekuqaleni kwentuthuko mancane futhi anamaqabunga amancanyana, ngemuva kokulahleka lapho ameva aguqula umbala oluhlaza bese eba oqinile futhi oqinile. Ezinhlotsheni zaseNyakatho Melika, ama-spines akhula aze afike ku-5-9 cm, ezimeni ezingandile aze afike ku-12 cm, kuma-hawthorns amaningi ase-Europe awekho noma awadluli ku-2-3. Ama-spines abukhali futhi amakhulu ama-hawthorn awenzi umsebenzi wokuphikisana nesitshalo kuphela. , kodwa futhi adinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile lapho usondela eduze kwezihlahlana: noma yiziphi izicathulo zameva hawthorn akuyona isithiyo.

Isikhathi sezimbali ze-hawthorn zivame ukuwa ngoMeyi noJuni. Izimbali ezimhlophe noma ezibomvana ziqoqiwe kuma-inflorescences-scuta. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi izimbali azinkulu, kufinyelela ku-3 cm ubukhulu, zihlala ezivikelweni eziminyene futhi isihlahla sibonakala sithambile ngokwengeziwe.

Phakathi kwama-hawthorn kunezinhlobo ezinezimbali eziphindwe kabili. Kuwo wonke ama-hawthorns ngaphandle kokukhetha, ama-stamens amahle nama-anthers anesimilo. Ama-hawthorn aqhakaza kakhulu futhi ngempumelelo kakhulu, ngaphambi kokuba amaqabunga aqhakaze, kepha iphunga lama-inflorescences alithandeki futhi liyazisola.

Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, hhayi muhle kuphela, kodwa futhi nezithelo ezidliwayo ezigcina amagatsha izinyanga ezingaphezu kwezimbili azihlali ziboshelwa e-hawthorn minyaka yonke. Amajikijolo amakhulu, ayindilinga, amile okomhlana noma amade ku-hawthorn ngokwesiko ahlotshaniswa nombala obomvu we-orange, kepha ezinhlotsheni ezihlukene amajikijolo angaba onsomi, omnyama, aphuzi. Izithelo ziqukethe imbewu enzima engu-5 kathathu, futhi itholakala esiqongweni sezithelo. Ubukhulu bezithelo buqala kumamilimitha ambalwa kuya cishe kumasentimitha amathathu. Izithelo zeHawthorn kusukela eminyakeni engama-8-10.

Izimbali zezinhlobonhlobo ezivamile ze-hawthorn "Crimson Cloud" (Crataegus laevigata 'Crimson Cloud').

Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-hawthorn

Emvelweni, ama-hawthorns asabalele kakhulu. Uhlobo lweCrataegus luhlanganisa izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane zezihlahlana ezitholakala kuphela endaweni esenyakatho, ohlelweni lwezindawo ezinesimo sezulu esishisayo nesiphansi kwengxenye. Phakathi kwama-hawthorns kukhona zombili izitshalo ezihluke kakhulu kusuka komunye nomunye, futhi ngokumangazayo ezifanayo futhi kunzima ukwahlukanisa izinhlobo.

Ukwenza lula ukuqashelwa ekwakhiweni kwendawo, kuyisiko ukwahlukanisa i-hawthorn yase-Yuriya neNyakatho Melika. Ezangaphambili zibonakaliswa ngamaqabunga avuthwe ngokujulile nemisipha emincane noma engekho. Emaqabunga e-hawthorn aseNyakatho Melika aphelele noma abuthaka kancane. Lezi izihlahlana ezinama-spine amakhulu kakhulu futhi ahlala isikhathi eside. Izinhlobo zaseNyakatho Melika namuhla zithathwa njengokuhlobisa nokuthembisa kakhulu.

Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ze-hawthorn zisekhona i-hawthorn ejwayelekile, noma prickly hawthorn (ICrataegus laevigata) Ukumelana nomoya negesi, okungabizi kakhulu futhi kuvamile kakhulu, kungenye yezihlahla eziguquguqukayo engadini. Le nyosi iqhakaza ngokwesiko ngoMeyi-Juni. Amaqabunga anama-lobes angama-3-5 aqhakazile futhi acwebezelayo, amahlumela anobuthi. Ukuze uthole i-hawthorn ejwayelekile, umqhele we-oval oles uhlanzekile. Izimbali azimhlophe kuphela, kodwa futhi zipinki ekhanyayo, izinhlobo ezahlukene zamagxolo ahlukaniswe ngendlela ehlukile.

Le hawthorn namuhla inikeza ukukhetha phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene kanye nobumbili obuhehayo. Isibonelo, izinhlobonhlobo ze-Paul Scarlett ezinezimbali ezi-raspberry-pink terry zithandwa kakhulu. Izinhlobo zokuhlobisa zivame kakhulu - i-Bicolor enombala omhlophe nompunga obomvu, ifomu legolide elinezithelo eziphuzi ne-oak-leaved enamaqabunga ahlotshiswe ngamabala ayindilinga.

Igazi le-Hawthorn libomvu, noma kwegazi hawthorn (Crataegus sanguinea) - i-hawthorn ebukekayo enezimbali ezinhle kakhulu. Ameva makhulu, aze afike ku-4 cm, kepha atholakali kakhulu. Izimbali zimhlophe, zinama-anthers ansomi. Izithelo amajikijolo abomvu egazini ayacwengeka phezu kwesiqu. Ngaphansi kokuqhakaza nezithelo, lesi sihlahla sihlotshiswe ngamagxolo ansundu, futhi ameva ambalwa aqondile, namaqabunga aqhakaza aqhakaza ngama-lobes angajulile.

I-soft hawthorn, noma semi-soft hawthorn (ICrataegus submollis) kungenye yezinhlobo zaseNyakatho Melika ezihamba phambili. Izithelo ze-Orange ezinepulpiti emnandi kakhulu ziyibhonasi enhle kulabo abakhetha le zinhlobo zokulinyelwa engadini yabo. Ameva alesi sitshalo amancanyana kakhulu, amagatsha abonisiwe amnyama, umqhele ucishe uzungeze kahle ngama-silhouette, aminyene ngokumangalisayo. Amaqabunga aqhakazile futhi aqine, ekwindla ahlelwe ngokubomvu okukhazimulayo.

Enye yezinhlobo ezidumile ze-hawthorn - single-haw hawthorn (ICrataegus monogyna) Lesi yizinhlobo ezinkulu zakudala ezinokuphakama okungamamitha ayi-2, ezinomqhele omnyama kakhulu futhi zibekezelela kalula ukwakheka okuqinile. Amahlumela atholakala ngokuqinile. Amahlumela aqhakaza kakhulu ngoMeyi noJuni. Izimbali zalesi hawthorn zingama-pinki amhlophe qwa, apinki aphathekayo ku-stamens zinikeza lesi sitshalo umuhle ongathandeki. Izithelo zibomvu okhanyayo, zithathwa njengento ebalulekile yokwelapha eluhlaza. I-hawthorn ene-single-pied inezindlela eziningi zokuhlobisa - i-pyramidal pink, i-terry emhlophe, i-white-motley, i-ringed, i-terry ebomvu, ihlala igeleza, i-crimson, ikhala, ihlatshwe amaqabunga, njll, kanye nezinhlobo eziningi ze-hybrid.

Igazi elibomvu le-hawthorn (Crataegus sanguinea).

I-Soft Hawthorn (Crataegus submollis).

I-single-pedigree hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna).

Green-hawthorn (ICrataegus chlorosarca) ingancintisana ne-semi-soft in the density and density of theqhele. Lesi sitshalo esihle kakhulu esinameva amafushane, izimbali ezimhlophe qhwa kanye nezithelo ezihlwabusayo ezimnyama. Amagxolo ampunga namacembe ansomi, amaqabunga amise okweqanda anama-lobes angajulile nezihlangu eziwugqinsi zama-inflorescence ngama-anthers amnyama ahlukanisa lesi sitshalo ngesizinda sanoma iyiphi enye i-hawthorn. Lokhu ukubukeka okuhlobisa kakhulu ngemibala ye-atypical grey-black, njalo kudonsela ukunaka.

Daurian hawthorn (Crataegus dahurica) - ukubukeka okuhlobisa kakhulu ngamaqabunga amahle asezingeni eliphakathi nosayizi oxubene nomqhele. Imvamisa, ikhula ngendlela yesihlahla esiphansi esinegrey grey, amahlumela abomvu anezikhala eziphakathi nendawo ne-lanceolate-rhomboid, amaqabunga athambile ngokujulile, akha umqhele omuhle. Izimbali ezimhlophe ezinama-anthers ansomi zibukeka zimnene kakhulu. Izithelo eziyindilinga yesentimitha zombala obomvu okhanyayo zivele zivela eminyakeni eyisithupha.

I-Universal emiphumeleni yayo yokuhlobisa, ilungele izingxenye zangasese nakuma uthango, okwangempela UCirrus hawthorn (I-Crataegus pinnatifida) Lesi sihlahla sokusakazeka esimangazayo esinamagxolo amnyama grey, ameva angavamile kakhulu namaqabunga aphakathi nendawo acekeceke anomibala okhanyayo. Izithelo zesitshalo zihlotshiswe ngama-warts, isihlahla uqobo sibukeka sihle futhi sihle.

Inezinhlayiya ezinkulu kunazo zonke. hawthorn omkhulu-ovimbile, noma i-hawthorn emahara (ICrataegus macracantha), okumenza abe ngumuntu ofanelekayo wokuakhela uthango olungangeneki. Ama-spines aze afike ku-12 cm ubude kanye nomqhele omnyama kakhulu ahlanganiswe namagxolo akhanyayo, anamaqabunga amnyama angajulile, adume ngokugqoka kwawo okuphuzi okubomvu nokukhombisa amandla okuhlala isikhathi eside kunezinye izinhlobo. Izithelo ezinkulu ezinhle zikhazimula ngemuva kwamahlamvu, zomile futhi azinambitheki kangako, kepha zisebenza kahle ngokubukeka.

Kuthandwa kakhulu namuhla futhi hawthorn lavalleri (Crataegus x lavalleei), ikakhulukazi, izinhlobonhlobo zayo ezidume kakhulu "Carrierei", okuyi-catalogs ibizwa nangokuthi uhlobo oluhlukile - iCarrieri hawthorn. I-White-pink May iqhakaza nezithelo ezikhanyayo ezibomvu ze-orange zibukeka zihlaba umxhwele kakhulu.

Phakathi kwama-nzalo aphikisanayo isithandwa sethu kakhulu mordensky hawthorn (I-Crataegus x mordenensis) - isihlahla esinezimbali ezingama-terry eziguqula umbala opinki ogqamile ube mhlophe, futhi ube nesithombo se-spiny. Le hybrid ayitheli izithelo, kodwa ibhekwa njengezimbali ezahlukahlukene.

Izimbali ze-hawthorn ze-mordena.

Ezinhlotsheni ezinkulu kakhulu ze-hawthorn, kufanelekile ukunaka okulandelayo:

• wattiana hawthorn (Crataegus wattiana) - isihlahla sikanokusho noma umuthi ongafika ku-6-8 m ukuphakama onameva ambalwa, amahlamvu aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nezihlangu eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-inflorescence ezimhlophe, okumangazayo ngamabhola aphuzi wezithelo;
• fan-umise hawthorn (I-Crataegus flabellata) - ukubuka okunezihlahlana eziqondile, imisipha emikhulu egobile, i-ovate, amaqabunga amaqabunga okwakheka fan onqenqemeni lwe-serated, izimbali ezimhlophe qhwa nezithelo ezibomvu ezikhanyayo;
• Douglas Hawthorn (Crataegus douglasii) - uhlobo olunamagxolo amahle amnyama, ngaphandle kwameva, olunamaqabunga amnyama alayishwe ngokungathandeki, ama-floristics amhlophe ama-inflorescence nezithelo ezi-nsomi-ezimnyama kufika ku-1 cm ubukhulu, zithandeka ngokubekezelela kwawo umthunzi;
• hawthorn of Maksimovich (Crataegus maximowiczii) namagatsha anombala onsundu, ngaphandle kwameva, anamaqabunga e-ovoid nezithelo ezinkulu ezibomvu.

Ezifundeni eziseningizimu, kufanelekile ukunaka uhlobo lwezinhlobo ezingekho ebusika-lukhuni lomzila ophakathi nendawo ngamahlamvu okuqala - i-pear hawthorn (iCrataegus phaenopyrum) - uhlobo olunamaqabunga okuqala, anjengama-viburnum-like, ama-spinal centimeter aqondile nezithelo ezibomvu, ububanzi bawo bungaphezulu kwe-0.5 cm.

Ukusetshenziswa kwama-hawthorns ekuhlobiseni ingadi

Akusizi ngalutho ukuthi ama-hawthorns athola idumela njengezihlahla zasengadini yendawo yonke. Zilungele ukulengamela indawo enkulu naphakathi nendawo noma encane. Amabhasi abo awabukeki enobuningi kakhulu noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-nondescript.

I-Hawthorn isetshenziswa njenge:

• ama-berry shrub, izitshalo ezinezithelo ezinhle ezikhanyayo;
• isihlahla esiqabulayo ngomqhele wekwindla obabazekayo,
• izimbali eziqhakazayo.

IHawthorn inhle ngokulingana njengesitshalo esikhula ngokuhlukile, futhi ngamaqembu osayizi abahlukahlukene kakhulu nobukhulu. Izitshalo zikhula njengezihlahlana, ngendlela efana nesihlahla futhi ejwayelekile.

Emklanyweni wezingadi ukusetshenziswa kwe-hawthorn:

• kuzithikamezi ezingenakufinyeleleka zomhlaba noma uhlobo oluqinile;
• endaweni engaphansi ye-grute ne-pan;
• ezinhlangeni
• njengesihlahla sangemuva;
• emaqenjini anokubukwa okuhlala njalo nokubukeka kwendawo;
• zezinwele zezinwele nama-accents kanye nokwethulwa kwama-soloists aqinile;
• ngemuva kukhona imibhede emikhulu yezimbali nemibhede yezimbali;
• ukuvikela komoya, ukuzifihla nokuhlonza.

IHawthorn idonsela izinambuzane uju engadini, igcwalise ngenhlokomo yezinyosi ezijabule. Futhi izinyoni zithanda kakhulu lesi shrub: azigcini nje ngokujabulela izithelo zesitshalo, kodwa futhi ziyisebenzisa ngentokozo ukuphepha izidleke zazo.

IHawthorn isihlahla esihle sokhula esidlekayo. Izithelo zesitshalo zidla kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezilwane, kodwa ngokuvamile kuphela ezinkulu, zinambitha futhi zinamaqatha zezithelo zezinhlobo ezimbalwa kuphela ezibhekwa njengokuphulukisa nokunempilo. Amajikijolo awagcini ngokuhlobisa ingadi, kodwa futhi asetshenziswa ekuphekeni. Zivunwa njengoba zivuthwa, kusukela ngo-Agasti, kepha isivuno esimnandi kunazo zonke singatholwa ngemuva kwesithando sokuqala.

I-Hedge ye-hawthorn.

Izimo ezidingekayo ku-hawthorn

Idumela le-shrub elingathembeki, ukutshalwa kwalo kungenzeka ngisho nakubatshali abasaqalayo, ngoba i-hawthorn isifakazelwe amakhulu eminyaka ngomkhuba wokuhlobisa izingadi ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zesimo sezulu. Ukumangala kweHawthorn ngokungaqini kwayo nokumelana nezimo ezingezinhle kanye nezindawo ezingcolile.

Kubalulekile ukuthi ama-hawthorns ahlinzeke ngokukhanya okwanele: ukubopha imithelela kuthinta kabi izimbali nezithelo zesitshalo. Uma i-hawthorn ingakhelwanga isithelo, kepha ikakhulukazi ngomqhele obukhulu (ikakhulukazi uma itshalwe ukudala uthango obukhulu), khona-ke izitshalo zingabhekwa njengezinokubekezelela umthunzi.

Ukuze uthole i-hawthorn, udinga ukukhetha inhlabathi ekhulwe kahle futhi evulekile. Le shrubbery izizwa kahle zombili ku-loam kanye nes sandwich, ayesabi imvelo engcolisiwe yezimo zasemadolobheni, futhi ibekezelela ukungcoliswa kgesi. Inhlabathi evundile entsha noma esemanzi ilungele kahle i-hawthorn, kepha ngokuvamile, isitshalo simila cishe kunoma yisiphi isimo, ngaphandle kwezimo ezimbi kakhulu. Ukusabela kwenhlabathi kungcono i-alkali, i-hawthorn ayithandi inhlabathi enama-acid.

Ukutshala i-hawthorn

IHawthorn, ngisho nasezifundeni ezinobusika obunzima, ingatshalwa zombili entwasahlobo, lapho nje inhlabathi isifudumele, nasekwindla, okungenani inyanga nesigamu ngaphambi kokufika kwamaqhwa azinza. IHawthorn inconyelwa ukuthi itshalwe endaweni ehlala njalo ineminyaka emibili, ngoba izitshalo ezindala ziba nezinkinga kakhulu, futhi izithombo zonyaka zidinga ukunakekelwa okuthe xaxa.

IHawthorn ibekwa ebangeni eli-1 kuya ku-2 m yamaqembu wokuhlobisa futhi isuka ku-15 iye ku-50 cm ukuthola uthango. Amabhishi akhula yedwa angabekwa kude kumamitha ama-3 ukusuka ezitshalweni ezingomakhelwane, kepha imvamisa leli banga lishiyelwa kuphela uma kukhula izinhlobo ezinjengezihlahla ze-hawthorn, ezisetshenziswa njengamapompo amade ezingadini ezinkulu zendawo.

Imigodi yokufakelwa kumele ilungiselelwe kusengaphambili. Kulesi sitrobheli, imigodi enkulu yokutshala ilungiswa ngokujula nobubanzi obungaba amasentimitha angama-70. Kungcono ukubuyisela inhlabathi ebunjiwe ngesigaxa esikhethekile, ukuxuba inhlabathi enamaqabunga nesihlabathi, isiqaqa nomquba kanye nokwandisa ukusabela kwe-alkaline ngokungeza ulamula. Phansi kwemigodi yokufika, kungcono ukubeka ungqimba lwe-drainage kusuka kuma-rubble noma ama-chip wezitini. Ngaphambi kokwehla, imigodi yokufika igcwele amanzi.

Ukuncipha kwezithombo kwenziwa kuphela uma izitshalo zisetshenziselwa uthango. Kwenziwa ngendlela efanayo ne-hawthorn ejwayelekile, futhi lapho kusetshenziswa ama-hawthorns aphakeme noma anjengomuthi, agcina elahlekelwe isimo sawo se-bushy futhi angakhiqizi isibalo esikhulu.Izitshalo ezinjalo zitshalwa “esiqwini” ukuvuselela ukuqina komqhele: ukusikwa kube ukuphakama okungu-10-15 cm, kuvuselela ukukhula kwamahlumela wamathambo aqinile.

Ukufakelwa kwama-hawthorns kwenziwa ngokwendlela ejwayelekile. Izitshalo zibekwa ngendlela yokuthi intamo yezimpande ngemuva kokubumba kwenhlabathi ihlale ikulingana nenhlabathi. Ukutshala kuqedwa ngokunisela okuninginingi kanye mulching yenhlabathi.

I-hawthorn ejwayelekile, ikhule esihlahleni esiphansi.

Ukunakekelwa kweHawthorn

Isidingo sezihlahla zokunisela sinqunywa ngokuqondile uhlobo lwesitshalo. Izinhlobo zezinhlobo zomswakama kanye nezinhlobonhlobo kufanele zithanjelwe kaningi ukuqinisekisa umswakama womhlabathi ozinzile. Ukuchelela izitshalo ezingenasisekelo akuvamile, kodwa ngokuhlelekile. Ukunisela okwanele kanye ngenyanga ngenyanga ukufakwa kwenhlabathi okujulile, kodwa inqubo yokuphindaphindwa kwamanzi ehlobo. Ama-hawthorns angamelana nesomiso awadingi ukuthambisa. Kepha izinqubo eziningi ezinjalo esigabeni sokuhluma futhi ngemuva kokuqhakaza izosiza izitshalo zinikeze isivuno esiningi.

Ama-Hawthorn anelisekile ngokugqoka okuphezulu okuphezulu. Kulezi zihlahlana, kwanele ukufeza ukugqoka okukodwa okuphezulu ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ukuhlinzeka isitshalo ngazo zonke izakhi ezidingekayo. Kwi-hawthorn, kusetshenziswa umanyolo wamaminerali ogcwele kumanani we-100-120 g ngeemitha skwele ngalinye lokutshala. Ekuqaleni kwehlobo, lesi sitshalo singafakwa ngokungezelelwe sondliwa nanoma yimuphi umanyolo we-organic. Uma i-hawthorn ikhule ngenxa yesivuno esiningi kakhulu, khona-ke kungcono ukufeza ukugqoka ezintathu - ngamanyolo agcwele wamaminerali entwasahlobo, potassium-phosphorus - ekuqaleni kwezimbali nangemva kokuqala kwezithelo.

AmaHawthorns awathandi inhlabathi edidiyelwe, ngakho-ke kungcono ukwethula ukuvulwa kwenhlabathi okujwayelekile kuhlelo lokunakekela ama-shrub. Imvamisa ihlanganiswa nokukhipha ukhula, iqonde ekwenzeni kube lula ukujula (cm 10) phakathi nenkathi. I-aualualative aeration noma ukumba kwenhlabathi osebeni lwefosholo yenziwa azungeze umngcele wesiyingi sesiqu kanye ngonyaka - ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma ekwindla. I-Mulching izosiza ukwenza lula ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo. Kwi-hawthorn, akudingekile ukusebenzisa i-mulch ekhethekile: inhlabathi elula noma i-peat enengqimba ka-3-4 cm ifanelekile.

Naphezu kwesimo sesitshalo esiphikisayo, i-hawthorn ingahlushwa kakhulu izinambuzane ezithile nezithelo, i-powdery isikhutha nokugqwala. Ama-hawks wezithelo, imikhaza, izinambuzane ezikala, ama-mealybugs, ama-weevil nezinye izinambuzane ze-apula, imaple kanye ne-cherry zivame ukutholakala ku-hawthorn. Ngomgqumo noma i-Powdery hlobo, izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokubona zilwa ngama-fungicides akhethekile kakhulu. Ukusuka kwizinambuzane, kungcono ukwenza ukwelashwa kokuvimbela ngama-insecticides ngasikhathi sinye nezitshalo zezithelo.

Isihlahla nokubumba i-hawthorn

Le shrub ibekezelela ngokuphelele noma yikuphi ukubumba futhi ibhekwa njengesinye sezihlahlana “ezikhulu kakhulu” kunoma yisiphi uthango - zombili indawo futhi ziqinile. Amandla wokuthuthukisa ukwakheka kokudubula kukuvumela ukuthi ushintshe ukwakheka nokulawula usayizi we-hawthorn, ngendlela othanda ngayo.

Ukuthena okugunyaziwe kwe-hawthorn kukodwa kuphela - ukuhlanzeka kwendle. Entwasahlobo, amahlumela owonakele, owomile, ongakhiqizi ayasuswa esihlahleni, njenganoma yisiphi esinye isihlahla somhluzi.

Ukwakheka kwenziwa ngokuya ngesimo esifunwa kanye nemidwebo engafani nenye: ukudala i-silhouette eqinile, futhi kuthango, ungatshala amahlumela aze afike ku-1/3 yobude bawo. Ukubumba kwasekuqaleni kwenziwa emithanjeni: ngonyaka olandelayo ngemuva kokutshala, amahlumela avuselelwa ngokuthenwa okunamandla ayasuswa, kusale okubili okunamandla. Esikhathini esizayo, amahlumela ahlangane futhi abelwe ngendlela oyifunayo.

Izithombo ezincane ze-hawthorn zokutshala uthango.

Ubusika be-hawthorn

Izinhlobo eziningi ze-hawthorn ziyizitshalo eziqinile ebusika ezingadingi ukuvikelwa ebusika. Kungcono ukuhlinzeka ngezinhlobonhlobo zokuhlobisa kanye nezindlela zanoma iyiphi i-hawthorn ebusika nendawo yokukhosela ekhanyayo evikela ukuthambekela ku-bulging nezimpande ezikude eziphakeme. Njengengqimba evikelayo, ungqimba oluningi lwama-mulching amaqabunga omile afinyelela ku-10 cm ukuphakama. Izinhlobo ze-hawthorn, ngaphandle kwezinhlobo eziphansi zasebusika, ngeke zidinge indawo yokukhosela. Kwi-hawthorn enama-prickly, ama-buds wezimbali namahlumela zivame ukulunywa yiqhwa, kepha isitshalo sibuyiselwa kahle.

Ukuzalela i-hawthorn

Ukutholakala kokutshala, amanani aphansi ezinhlanyelo ze-hawthorn ikakhulu kungenxa yokukhululeka kokuzala kwazo. Izici ezikhanya ngokwengeziwe okuhlukahlukene okunazo, lapho izimbali namajikijolo akhiwa khona, kubiza kakhulu izindleko zokutshala. Ukuzikhuthaza kwe-hawthorn kudinga ukubekezela, ngoba izitshalo ziveza izithelo kuphela ngemuva kweminyaka eyisishiyagalombili ubudala, kepha aziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ngezindlela zayo.

Izindlela ezilula zokuthola isizukulwane esisha sama-hawthorns ziyimifino. E-hawthorn layering is midzi ngokuphelele. Kwanele ukugoqa isisekelo sezihlahla noma ukulungisa amagatsha ngamanye emhlabathini bese unisela njalo izitshalo ukusheshisa ukubamba kwezimpawu, bese ngonyaka olandelayo ungatshala izitshalo ezizimele.

Ezinye izindlela zisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza kabusha.:

• ukuhlukaniswa kwenzalo yezimpande;
• ukubekelwa phansi kwezimpawu zokususwa kwezimpande (impande ecishe ibe ngu-2 cm ubukhulu ihlukaniswe izingcezu ezingaba ngu-10 cm ubude nezimpande, njengezisiko ezijwayelekile, ngokumba ama-7-8 cm emhlabathini futhi kugcinwe umswakama omphezulu usebenzisa isembozo);
• ukuqalwa kwezitshalo ezihlukahlukane nezindlela zokuhlobisa kuma-isiphunzi kusuka ku-Hardth hawthorn (ngokwesibonelo, okwejwayelekile, okunamahlwili kanye nokusobala).

Ukukhula kusuka ezinhlanyelweni akunzima, kepha inqubo yezitshalo ezikhulayo yinde kakhulu. Amahlumela ezitshalo kuyodingeka alinde iminyaka emi-2, futhi isikhathi sokuhlukaniswa kwe-hawthorn yezinhlobo ezahlukene zisukela ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kuya kweziyi-12. Imbewu eningi esithelweni ayinalutho, izinga lokuhluma lincane impela, cishe ngama-50%. IHawthorn ihlwanyelwa ngaphambi kobusika, bese kusetshenziswa imbewu esanda kukhiwa yezithelo ezingavuthiwe, igobolondo lakhona elingakaqinisi ngokuphelele imbewu. Izithelo zifakwe emanzini izinsuku eziningana, bese zona zisakazwa ngeseva bese zigezwa ngembewu izinsalela zepulpiti. Imbewu phakathi nosuku ifakwa kwisisombululo sokuvuselela ukukhula noma i-potrateum nitrate yokuhlushwa kwephesenti elilodwa.

Ukuhlwanyela imbewu kwenziwa ebusika emabhokisini amakhulu noma ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo. Imbewu yezitshalo ihlwanyelwa kakhulu. Izitshalo zimboza phezulu ngenhlabathi nangqimba lwamaqabunga omile. Entwasahlobo, amahlumela we-hawthorn akakwazi ukuhlukaniswa amahlumela esihlahla sama-apula, mancane kakhulu. Ngonyaka wokuqala, izitshalo zikhula kancane, zifinyelela ekuphakameni okungama-10 cm kuphela ngokunakekelwa okungapheli. Ukuze zikhule emibhedeni zitshalwa unyaka olandelayo. Ngaphezu kokunisela nokunye ukunakekela, baqala ukufeza ukwakheka, banqume wonke amahlumela asefinyelele kubude obungama-50-60 cm kuye ezingeni lelesibili noma lesithathu ihlumela kusuka ngezansi, ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwamagatsha aseceleni. Ngesikhathi sonke sokukhula, izitshalo zilawulwa ngokufinyeza okuyinhloko futhi zishiya amahlumela amabili kuphela, zisusa ukukhula okuningana futhi zakha isisekelo sesihlahla emagatsheni aqinile.