I-Fittonia (Fittonia) - isitshalo somndeni wama-Acanthus, isihlahla sokuhlobisa esinamaqabunga esihlala siqabile. Izwe lakubo lika-Exot lingamahlathi ashisayo aseNingizimu Melika, kepha igama lawo libizwa ngokuthi iBritish: imbali yokuhlobisa yaqala yachazwa ngo-1850 ngodade baseFitton. Isitshalo sinamaqabunga amancane anemibala eluhlaza yeminqumo, ehlotshiswe ngemithambo ebomvu ekhanyayo ebomvu noma emhlophe. Ngezindlela ezinamaqabunga abomvu, iziqu zibomvu, kepha izimbali zeFittonia azilingani, zincane futhi zizodwa.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo zeFittonia: izithombe, amagama kanye nencazelo yezinhlobo
Ekuhlobiseni izimbali ezimibalabala, izidalwa ezimbalwa kuphela zasendle iFittonia ezikhulisiwe. Iningi lezitshalo ezingabonakala emagumbini okugcina izithombo nakuma-sill sill zenziwa kusetshenziswa ukukhetha. Kuze kube muva nje, izinhlobo ezinjalo zemvelo zazisetshenziswa:
UFittonia Verschaffelt (F. verschaffeltii).
UGiant Fittonia (F. gigantea).
I-Fittonia isiliva-vein (F. argyroneura).
Uhlobo lokuqala lwesitshalo luyamangaza, lube neziqu ze-pubescent lelo gatsha ngokuqinile. Inamaqabunga amakhulu aluhlaza obumnyama noma i-olive hue enamathambo abomvu. Ubude bamapuleti anamaqabunga angahlukahluka kusuka ku-5 kuye ku-10 cm. Bheka isithombe se-phytophthony salolu hlobo lwegama ngesiLatin: ukwakheka okuhle kwamaqabunga awo kugcizelela ubuchwepheshe bephethini.
Kepha isitshalo sasendle esishisayo sakhula kahle ezindaweni zokuhlala ngenxa yomswakama ophansi. Njengamanje, izinhlobo eziningi ezintsha zezinhlobo zeVershafelt sezenziwe, zashintshwa nezimo zezindlu zethu. Phakathi kwazo, ezaziwa kakhulu yilezi:
UFittonia "Perseus".
UFittonia "Josan".
IFittonia ibomvu.
UFittonia "White Anna".
Izinhlobonhlobo zePerseus - isitshalo esimfushane ubude baso esingadluli ku-10-12 cm.
Iziqu zawo zingama-pubescent amahle, futhi amaqabunga anwebekile ngesimo ngamathiphu akhombe. Amapuleti amaqabunga alezi zinhlobonhlobo ze-Fittonia exotic adwetshwe emthunzini omnyama oluhlaza onemifantu ebomvana noma eyipele.
UFittonia "uJosan" futhi kubukeka kungokwasekuqaleni: amaqabunga ayo ahlukile emaphethelweni e-wavy ngesithombe esimnyama esiluhlaza.
Amapuleti amaqabunga anemisipha epinki nebomvu. Umbala wamaqabunga amancane alula kakhulu, ngakho-ke izikhungo zama-rosette alesi sitshalo aziveza kahle futhi zibukeka kahle zakha ivolumu yesihlahla.
UFittonia ubomvu - Omunye wabamele izinyoni ezihlaba umxhwele kakhulu.
Umbala ojwayelekile ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuwo ucishe ungabonakali: ama-veins anemibala emibalabala ngokusuka kwe-pink emnyama kuya ku-burgundy elula. Kepha ukuqhakaza kwale nhlobonhlobo yeFittonia ngeke kudonsele ukunakwa: amaqabunga esitshalo sokuhlobisa mncane kakhulu, abe nombala okhanyayo okhilimu.
Ibanga "i-White Anna" ibonakala ngamaqabunga aluhlaza omnyama, umthunzi wawo enkabeni yepuleti leqabunga uvele ukhanye.
Zimbozwe ngegridi yemithambo yesiliva emincane, ebukeka nenhle kakhulu futhi ingajwayelekile. Umphetho weshidi uhlanganiswe ngomngcele wesithunzi esimnyama kunethoni yayo eyinhloko.
Lezi ngezinye zezinhlobo ezaziwayo. I-Vershelt fittonia, kepha lolu hlobo lunamagama amaningi ezitshalo ezi-hybrid.
Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo zezimbali ezikhula zasendle, i-phytonia enkulu idonsela ukunaka. Ifinyelela ku-60 cm ukuphakama sibonga amahlumela aqhakaze amagatsha. Iziqu zesitshalo zingama-pubescent: amahlamvu amakhulu anama-petioles amafushane abekwa kuwo. Amahlamvu amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani futhi acwebezelayo, anama-veins amancane abomvu. Amacembe makhulu ngokwanele: ubude bawo buhlukahluka kusuka ku-10 kuye ku-15 cm, kanti ububanzi bungama-5-10 cm.
I-Fittonia vein yesiliva "uNana" (F. argyroneura 'Nana') isitshalo se-hydbid esihluka ngosayizi omncane: ubude bamaqabunga alembali yokuhlobisa awudluli ku-2,5 cm. Inzuzo enkulu yezinhlobonhlobo ukumelana nomoya owomile, ngakho-ke kuvame ukuvuthwa ngaphakathi ezindlini.
I-phytonia silver vein blooms
Izinhlobonhlobo zesiliva-vein (ivevini yesiliva) zithandwa kakhulu nangabalimi.
Bheka isithombe salolu hlobo: igama elithi Fittonia lihambisana ngokuphelele nendlela amaqabunga esitshalo abukeka ngayo. Amapuleti amaqabunga ambozwe ngemithambo emincane yokukhanya engafani kahle ne-tint eluhlaza ecebile. Ubude bawo bungahluka kusuka ku-5 kuya ku-10 cm. Njengoba isitshalo esenziwe ngesiliva kulula kakhulu ukusasaza nge-vegetatively (okuyingxenye yesiqu), sivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa kwe-volumetric. Isibonelo, ezimweni zalolu hlobo kulula ukwakha "ukhaphethi" wemvelo oluhlaza.
Bheka isithombe esiqhakaza salolu hlobo lweFittonia: Amaqabunga amancane abukeka emangalisa ngokwasemuva kwamaqabunga aqhakazile.
Izinhlobo ezivezwe ngesiliva zinezinhlobonhlobo ezinhle kakhulu, phakathi kwazo ezidumile ikakhulukazi:
I-Pink Vein.
I-Red Vein
I-White Vein.
UFittonia "Nana".
Abathathu bokuqala bangochungechunge lwe- "newine" lwe-nzalo: Isimo ngasinye sihambisana nohlobo oluthile lobuphuzo obumnandi. Isibonelo, amaqabunga ama-Pink Vein anemithambo ebomvu ebomvu nomhlophe. Lo mbala ubukeka ugcwele kakhulu kumafanyana amancane futhi ufana nemithunzi yewaini.
Phakathi kwenani elikhulu lezinhlobo namagama ezinhlobonhlobo zeFittonia emangalisayo, kulula ukukhetha izitshalo ezihlobisa ifulethi, ihhovisi noma abamba ukushisa.
Ungayinakekela kanjani i-fittonia yegumbi ekhaya (enevidiyo)
I-Fittonia isitshalo esijabulisayo esikhula kahle kumafasitela aseningizimu mpumalanga nasekubonakalisweni kwasentshonalanga. Kepha kumele ifiphazwe elangeni eliqondile, ukuze kungabikho ukushiswa okuvela emaqabungeni. Uma kukhanya kunganele, iziqu zeFittonia ziyelulwa futhi zibukeka zingahlukani, futhi umbala wepuleti leqabunga ulahlekelwa ukugcotshwa.
Umthetho obalulekile wokuthi ungayinakekela kanjani i-fittonia exotic endaweni evamile yasekhaya ukugcina umswakama odingekayo, ngakho-ke imbiza kufanele ibekwe epallet ngamatshe amanzi, amaqabunga afafazwe ngezikhathi ezithile. Lezi zimbali zasendlini zikhula kahle kahle ezindaweni ezincane zasemanzini. Izinhlobo ezincane zembali engaphakathi (ngokwesibonelo, "uNana") zingatshalwa ngenhlamvu enkulu yokuhlobisa: ibukeka yangempela futhi ikhanya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, esitsheni esinjalo kulula kakhulu ukugcina izinga elidingekayo lomswakama.
Ngenkathi yokukhula (ihlobo nentwasahlobo), ukuthambisa okuningi ngamanzi athambile, axazululiwe kuyadingeka, ebusika kufanele kube ngokulinganayo. Kodwa ukuze ukunakekelwa okunjalo kwegumbi fittonia ekhaya kungadali ingozi yezimbali, umuntu kumele angavumeli ukumiswa koketshezi enhlabathini. Uma amanzi ehlala epanini, kufanele akhishwe. Umswakama owedlulele wesitshalo esikhathini sekwindla-nobusika kungaholela ekukhuleni kukhunta nokubola kwezimpande.
Okunye okudingekayo kwezimo zemvelo ukushisa komoya okufanele: isitshalo asikubekezeleli ukwehluka kanye nezinhlaka zawo. Ngakho-ke, imbali yokuhlobisa ayinakukhula emoyeni ovulekile noma ithathwe iye kuvulandi noma ithala. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele kweFittonia, izinga lokushisa lesitshalo ebusika kufanele libe ku-17-18 ° C. Uma iphansi kakhulu (8-10 ° C), imbali yangaphakathi iyalahla.
Isendlalelo sesitshalo silungiselelwe kusuka eshidini nomhlaba wefudu, i-peat nesihlabathi (1: 1: 1: 0.5). Imbiza kufanele ikhethwe ibanzi futhi ifuleke, futhi ungqimba lwamanzi kufanele lubekwe ngaphansi kwayo. I-Fittonia kufanele inikezwe ngamanyolo wezimbali wokuhlushwa okuyingxenye. Kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli kuze kube sekupheleni kukaSepthemba, inhlabathi ivundiswa njalo emavikini amabili, ebusika - kanye ngenyanga.
Ukufakelwa kufanele kube minyaka yonke, futhi ngasikhathi sinye, amahlumela athunyelwe ngesikhathi sebusika afushaniswa. Njengoba indlela ukuqhakaza kwe-Fittonia exotic kungayivezi inani lokuhlobisa, amahlumela asuswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqhakaza kuqeda amandla isitshalo, futhi amahlumela awo anwetshiwe. Ukuze i-fittonia ibukeke iminyene, izihloko zayo ziphinwe kahle. Imbali yangaphakathi ikhula ngokushesha, ngakho-ke inqubo kumele yenziwe njalo.
Njalo ngeminyaka engama-2-3 isitshalo siyenziwa kabusha: amahlumela amadala asikiwe, esikhundleni sawo kuvela abasha. Lokhu kunikeza ukubukeka okuhle kwesitshalo: umehluko imibala yamaqabunga nomthunzi wawo ocebile.
Kushiya kusontekile futhi komile eFittonia: izinkinga ezikhulayo
Enye yezinkinga ezivamile lapho kukhula imbali yilapho amaqabunga emaphethelweni esomile futhi esonta. Lokhu kukhombisa umswakama ophansi: lesi sitshalo kumele sifafazwe kwisibhamu sokufafaza esihlukaniswe kahle ngamanzi amile. Akufanele ibe nosawoti noma izinto ze-chlorine. Ukunisela i-substrate kufanele kulawulwe, okuthi ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo-ehlobo kufanele kube kumanzi njalo. Inhlabathi ingoma kancane kuphela phezu komhlaba. Imbiza yezimbali ibekwa phezu kwamatshe amanzi noma ngobumba olwandisiwe, oluzosindisa umswakama oludingekayo.
Kepha uma eFittonia amaqabunga angagcini nje omile, kepha futhi alahlekelwe umbala wawo ngaphambi kwalokho, lokhu kungumphumela wokukhanya okuningi. Isitshalo kuleli cala sidinga umthunzi omncane.
Kungani okunye kushiya i-fittonia curl namaqabunga aqothulayo
Lapho amaqabunga esontekile futhi ebuna eFittonia, lokhu kungakhombisa ukulimala kwesitshalo ngesibungu sesicabucabu. Idla ngoxhaxha lwamasimbali, kepha kunzima ukubona. Amacembe ambozwe amachashazi amancane asobala, bese omile bese ewa. Uma izinambuzane zanda, futhi ziningi kakhulu zazo, kuvela i-web elincanyana ngaphansi kwethafa leqabunga. Ukulwa nabo, kusetshenziswa izidakamizwa i-Fitoverm, i-Vermitek noma i-Aktofit. Enye yezindlela ziphathwa ngesitshalo, kulandela imiyalo esephepheni.
Enye inkinga engaba khona lapho kukhula imbali ukubola ama-petioles neziqu. Imbangela kungukushisa okuphakathi kakhulu, umanyolo owedlulele noma okusalungiswa. Izingxenye ezibolile zesitshalo ezilimele, kuyinto efiselekayo ukuyisusa.
Ama-Scabies awathinteki kakhulu kwiFittonia: Kuvela izikali eziminyene emacembe, eziwa lapho zicindezelwa. Ungabhekana nezinambuzane ngosizo lwezimali ze-Aktellik, Fitoverm neMetafos.
Ungakhula kanjani i-fittonia: ukusakazwa ngokutshala izihlahla
Lesi sitshalo sandiswa ngokusikwa, imbewu nokuhlukaniswa kwesihlahla. Esimweni sokuqala, ingxenye engenhla yesitshalo esidala inqunywa ngokucophelela. Ubude besibambo esinjalo kufanele busuke ku-8 baye ku-5 cm: uma usebenzisa ingxenye ende imbali engaphakathi, izokhula kancane kancane. Isithombo esizayo esizayo kudingeka sibe namaqabunga amathathu kuya kwayi-5. Izimbumbulu zingasuswa esihlabathini esimanzi noma ungqimba lomhlabathi oxegayo. Ukuze ukusakazwa kweFittonia ngale ndlela ekhaya kusebenza kahle, izithombo zimbozwa ngengilazi esobala, zingena umoya futhi zivame ukufudumala.
Izimbambo zingabekwa futhi kuketshezi, kepha akufanele zibe ziningi. Ungqimba lwamanzi esitsheni kufanele lube ku-cm 0.5-1.5 cm. Kulesi simo, kuzogcwala umoya-mpilo ongcono, okufaka isandla ekukhuleni kwezihlahla. Isitsha esinezithombo zesikhathi esizayo sibekwa esikhwameni sepulasitiki, esiboshwe. Izikhathi ezithile, iyavulwa futhi ifafazwe ngesiqu. Kuyadingeka ukuqapha izinga lokushisa komoya: ukuze isitshalo sithome izimpande, kufanele sisuke ku-25 siye ku-28 ° C.
Ukusakazeka kwe-Fittonia exotic ngokusikwa kungathatha izinyanga ezi-1-1,5. Ngemuva kokuvela kwezimpande kwisithombo esizayo, sibekwa endaweni esemgangathweni. Inhlabathi kumele ihlale inomswakama, futhi isitshalo esincane sifafazwa njalo.
Izimbali zasekhaya ezindala kulula ukusabalalisa ngokwahlukana. Isihlahla sihlukaniswe ngokucophelela ezingxenyeni ezifanayo ze-2-3, kuye ngobukhulu baso, futhi sitshalwe ezitsheni ezihlukile. Izinhlobo zezitshalo ezahlukahlukene zibukeka zihle kakhulu ebhodweni elilodwa elibanzi. Ukutshala ukwakheka kwe-Fittonium akufani nemithetho yokukhulisa isitshalo esisodwa.
Lezi akuzona zonke izindlela zokukhulisa i-fittonia yangaphandle endlini. Ezinye izindlela zokukhulisa izitshalo zichazwe ngezansi.
Ungakususa kanjani i-Fittonia, uma isakazeka nangezinye izindlela
Imbali engaphakathi nayo ingagxanywa ngokunwetshwa: kulokhu, ingxenye yesiqu ngaphandle kwamaqabunga ifafazwa ngomhlaba futhi ifuthwe kahle. Lapho kuthathwa izimpande (kuvela amaqabunga amasha, aqala ukukhula), ahlukaniswe ngokucophelela futhi atshalwe ebhodweni elisha. Imbali ingasakazeka ngokwendlalelo ngokwayo, uma umthamo lapho isitshalo sitholakala khona ubanzi. Akudingeki wazi ukuthi ungisusa kanjani i-fittonia exotic. Isithombo esehlukile singashiywa sikhule eduze kukamama noma sibekwe ebhodweni elihlukile.
Ukusabalalisa isitshalo ngembewu, udinga ukunakekela imbewu esezingeni eliphakeme. Ingahlanganiswa ngokuzimela noma ithengwe esitolo esikhethekile. Ukufakelwa kwenziwa ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo: kukhethwa isitsha esibanzi esingajulile, esigcwele isitho esincanyana esikhanyayo. Imbewu ifakwa kuyo, inyanisa inhlabathi kahle.
Le akuyona indlela elula yokusabalalisa i-fittonia exotic: umoya kufanele uhlale unomswakama, futhi izinga lokushisa kufanele libe phakathi kuka-22-25 ° C. Lesi sithako simbozwe ngengilazi noma nge-polyethylene esobala, sivimba umoya njalo emhlabathini ukuze inqubo yokubola ingaqali. Amahlumela amancane azwela kakhulu ukukhanya: uma akwanele, adonswa ngamandla futhi abe buthakathaka, futhi ngokukhanya ngokweqile aqala ukufiphala. Futhi, umehluko wokushisa akufanele uvunyelwe, ngaphandle kwalokho izithombo zizofa.
Ngokuhambisana nezincomo ezilula, ungathola isitshalo esikhanyayo ngendlela emangalisayo noma ukwakheka kokuhlobisa okuzohlobisa igumbi.
