Izinhlobo eziqhakaza ze-begonias zihlela umbukiso wangempela okhanyayo endlini. Noma ngokuya ngokufakwa kombala, noma ngokubamba nobukhazikhazi, akukho sitshalo esisodwa esigoqekayo nawo. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi izinhlobo eziqhakaza zama-begonias sekuyisikhathi eside zaba izitshalo zehlelo futhi kude nezangaphandle, kusalungele ukuzihlukanisa njengezingezona zakudala, kepha amasiko anamuhla. Okuhlaba umxhwele futhi onesibindi, banikezela ukuncoma upende wabo we-acrylic kanye namafomu aphelele. Futhi yize lezi kungezona izitshalo ezilula, ziyahlukile kuwo wonke umqondo wegama.
I-Begonia Lorraine (Begonia Lorraine)Ama-begonias akhethekile aqhakaza izimbali
Akukhona ngengozi ukuthi izinhlobo zezimbali zama-begonias ziye zaba izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu zalezi zitshalo ezimangalisayo futhi kudala zamboza izimbangi zazo ezinamaqabunga nezishubile. Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-begonias kwe-assortment yekamelo kube amaqembu amabili, abhekwa njengawahluke ngokuphelele, akuyona ngengozi futhi kufanelekile. Yize ama-begonias ahlobisa amaqabunga nawo ekufanele abhekelwe eduze, futhi akulula njengoba kungabonakala, ama-begonias agqamile asezintandokazi eziphelele zohlobo lweBegonia ngendlela yekamelo.
I-Begonias enezimbali ezinhle yaduma ngezimbali eziqoqiwe zezimbali ezingama-1-2 ezihlahleni ezikhululekile noma ezihlanganayo ezinezimbali ezilula noma ezihlukile zezimbali zetryry, isimo sazo esivame ukuqhathaniswa nekhanda leklabishi. Kuliqiniso, ngezinhlobonhlobo zamanje zokuqhakaza kwezimbali, ungathola okufanayo ngesimo se-rose, peony, emise inkanyezi, i-anemone, eyenziwe ngesikhumba noma ezinye izimbali zoqobo. Izimbali ezi-begonias eziphakeme zilinganiselwe ku-20-50 cm, zikhula ngendlela yesihlahla esicwebezelayo noma esithambile noma isitshalo se-ampule enamahlumela okulengiswa (kuzimbali ze-ampel begonia ziqoqiwe kumaqoqo amangalisayo wokugunda). Amaqabunga e-Begonia awafani nezinhlobo ezihlotshiswe ngamaqabunga anhlobonhlobo nganoma iyiphi indlela, kepha lapho esehlolisisa, ukufana kwawo kusobala. Njengawo wonke ama-begonias, emaqabungeni amahle aqhakaza izimbali ezinomzimba omile, ovame kakhulu ukumelana nenhliziyo, onqenqemeni oluqinile. Imibala yabo isukela ebumnyameni iya kokunye okuluhlaza okukhanyayo nokukhanya okuluhlaza okotshani, kungaba ngotshani noma i-emerald, futhi eminyakeni yamuva izinhlobo ezinamaqabunga ansomi ziye zathandwa kakhulu.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobo zezimbali ezibiza izimbali
Uma kukhulunywa ngezinhlobo nokwehlukahlukahlukahlukahlukahlukahlukahlukahlukahlukahlukahlukahlukahlukahlukahluka kokuhlukahluka kwezimbali ezigelezayo, kufanelekile ukulungiselela ukungabaza nokudideka. Into ukuthi wonke ama-begonias anamuhla anezimbali ezinhle ama-nzalo. Futhi noma ngabe sikhuluma ngezinhlobo ezithile, zisethulwe ukuze zithengiswe ngezinhlobonhlobo ezidlule ekukhetheni okude futhi okunzima. Ukukhetha ama-begonias aqhakaza izimbali, akudingekile ukulandela ngokuqinile igama lezitshalo, ngoba izinhlobo eziningi ezifanayo ezinhlu ezihlukene zibizwa ngokuhlukile. Into esemqoka ukuhlotshiswa kwesitshalo. I-Begonias ikhethwa ngenhliziyo nangamehlo, ekunambithekeni kwakho nakwingaphakathi lakho.
Amathuba wokukhetha i-begonias yezimbali awanqunyelwe nganoma iyiphi ipharamitha. Kuphela kumbala wepende kuphela abasukela kokukhanya okugqamile kuya kokugqamile okugqamile futhi okungajwayelekile kakhulu okumhlophe, ophuzi, opinki, owolintshi, obomvu, onsomi imibala, kungasaphathwa inhlanganisela ye-watercolor ehlukahlukene kanye nokuqhathanisa amathoni amabili anwebisa iphalethi yombala ye-begonias egeleza kahle ngisho nangokwengeziwe.
I-Hedgehog begonia, noma i-evergreen begonia (Begonia cucullata)Izinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu zokuqhakaza izimbali:
Izinhlobo zeBegonia zihlala ziqhakaza njalo noma ziqhakaza njalo (namuhla igama lezinhlobo Potato begonia (Begonia cucullata), kepha isabizwa kangcono ngokuthi yi-Begonia semperflorens) - lolu uhlobo lwe-hybrid lwe-begonia, olutholwe ngokuwela ngaphezu kwezinhlobo ezi-5 ezihlukile zeLatin American ze-begonia. Lezi izihlahla ezinama-ovoid alula, obomvu obumnyama noma luhlaza, amaqabunga acwebezelayo, abekwe eduze kwamahlumela anejusi. Isitshalo ngasinye siveza ama-inflorescence avele obala wezimbali ezimhlophe, ezipinki noma ezibomvu ezibonakala emikhondweni emide evela kuma-axils amaqabunga. Izimbali zingaba kabili futhi zilula. I-evergreen begonia iqhakaza njalo futhi ngokunganqikazi. Umehluko obonakalayo wenza kube lula ukuhlukanisa izitshalo ezinezimbali zezinsikazi ezine ezinezimbali ezivela kumamodeli anezimbali zensikazi ezinhlanu. Le begonia inezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo nochungechunge lwezinhlobonhlobo - kusuka kokuncane (kufika ku-20 cm) "i-Cocktail", "i-Eureka", "u-Olimpia", "iNdlovukazi" kuya kusayizi ophakathi nendawo (cishe amasentimitha angama-25) "Inxusa", "Umbono", "Ukunqoba "Kuya ezingxenyeni ezingamamitha ezingabalingani bohlobo lukaStara, iLotto, iWing Wing Pink, nochungechunge lwe-Inferno.
Nzalo yeqembu "Elatior" (bahlotshaniswa ngephutha ne-begonia isitshalo sezinhlobo ezinde, esivame ukuqhutshwa kusatshalaliswa ngaphansi kwegama le-botanical Begonia elatior, yize ngokusho kwedatha yakamuva iphinde yaqanjwa kabusha njengeBegonia reniformis; lapha kufanelekile ukukhuluma ngeqembu elihlukile lezinhlobo, esikhundleni sango-nzalo ofanayo izitshalo - Begonia x hybrida "Elatior"). Izinhlobonhlobo ziyadingeka ngokuthandwa kwazo ngezimbali ezinkulu ezinjenge-anemones kanye nama-roses, imibala eminingi kanye nekhono lokuqhakaza ebusika noma cishe ngokungakhathali (kwezinye izinhlu zezincwadi zibuye zikhangiswe njengokuqhakaza unyaka wonke, yize zisadinga isikhathi sokuphumula). "Elator" likhule kuzo zombili amasiko egumbi nasengadini. Izitshalo zakha izihlahla ezicijile ezinezimbali ezigqamile ezimboza isihlahla sonke.
UBegonias weqembu "uLorraine" - Izinhlobo ezihlobisa ubusika ezigeleza ubusika, oku kungenye yemihlobiso ebabazekayo yangaphakathi ebusika. Iphalethi elinombala lalezi zingulube lilinganiselwe kuphela ngama-white and pink hues, kepha izihlahla zifana namafu aqhakaza.
U-Begonias weqembu "iBelleconia", "Pendula" namanye ama-begonas amakhulu -Izitshalo ezikhulayo ezinezimbali zikanokusho ezinamanzi anobuthi obukeka njengama-rrooping roses. Ama-bunches wezimbali ezi-drooping ahlanganiswe nephethini ethandekayo yokulenga amahlumela.
Njengesitshalo esiqhakaza ngaphansi kwezimo zasekamelweni, kungenzeka ukuthi ukhule womabili amahlathi nezinhlobo ezikhulu zama-begonas abilayo (Begonia x tuberhybrida). Lezi zitshalo, ezijwayelekile ezitshalweni zezitshalo zasengadini ebunjiweyo nezingama-container, ziyaqhakaza emhlabathini ovulekile. Ama-begonas ama-Tuberous azizwa emkhulu ngezimo ezifanayo nezendabuko zasendlini, eziqhakaza izimbali. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, ingxenye esemoyeni iyafa ngokuphelele, kanti nezilimo eziyizigaxa zigcinwa zisezingeni elipholile izinyanga ezingaba ntathu (degrees 12-16) cishe zomile, emva kwalokho zidluliselwe kwenye indawo bese zibuyiselwa esimweni esivamile sokukhuthaza ukuqhakaza izimbali, ziphinde ziqale ukunisela futhi zidle ngokucophelela.
Ukuqhakaza kwezimbali kweBegoniaNakekela begonias abahle bezimbali ekhaya
Izimbali ezibukeka kahle eziqhakaza kahle azikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi izitshalo eziyinkimbinkimbi nezifunayo. Ukugcina ukugeleza kwezimbali njalo futhi sikujabulele cishe unyaka wonke, izitshalo kusamele zinikeze ukunakekelwa okuphelele nokunamandla. Kepha abukho ubunzima obukhethekile bokukhulisa ubuhle obuhle bezimbali; bafanelekile abatshali bezimbali abasaqala. Okuwukuphela kokudalwa ukuqina kwezitshalo, isidingo sokuvuselelwa njalo eminyakeni embalwa.
Ukukhanyisela kokuqhakaza okuqhakaza izimbali
Njengayo cishe yonke i-begonias, nzalo egeleza kahle yezimbali ivumelane kahle nezimo zokukhanya ezihlukile, kepha kuphela ngaphakathi kwezindawo ukukhanya okuhlakazekile nezindawo ezinamatshe amancane. Izitshalo azikwazi ukuma ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo, ikakhulukazi ehlobo. Amawindi wasentshonalanga nasempumalanga athengwa njengamaphutha la. Isikhathi semini yokufunda kahle okuqhakaza kahle kufanele kube amahora ayi-16. Ebusika, izitshalo ezisesiteji sezimbali zinconywa ukukhanyisa noma ukuhlela kabusha izindawo ezikhanyiselwe kakhudlwana.
Ngesikhathi sonke sezimbali, i-begonia akufanele ijikelezwe futhi kungcono ukungayihambisa. Ekushintsheni okubukhali kokukhanya, ikakhulukazi ekuguqukeni okuhlobene nomthombo wokukhanya, i-begonia ingaphendula ngokulahla amahlamvu noma izimbali.
Ukushisa okunethezekayo
I-Begonias enezimbali ezinhle zikanokusho ayiqhathaniswa namazinga okushisa. Into esemqoka okufanele uyinakekele ukunciphisa umkhawulo wamazinga okushisa avumelekile ebusika kuya kuma-degrees Celsius. Kepha unyaka wonke, ama-begonias aqhakaza izimbali avumelana nezimo ezijwayelekile zasekamelweni. Noma yiziphi izinkomba ezisebangeni kusuka ekushiseni okungama-20 kuye kwangama-25 zibhekwa njengezisemgangathweni. I-Begonias ithanda ukuqina, kufanele ivikeleke ekugxumeni okubukhali ekushiseni, ikakhulukazi esigabeni sokuqhakaza nokuqhakaza, kanye nokushisa ngokweqile, okunciphisa isikhathi sezimbali.
Iningi le-begonias elisha alizona nje izitshalo zasendlini. Azizizwa zimbi ngokwengeziwe kukhwalithi yasesilinganisweni nasendimeni yesitshalo segadi ebunjiwe. Kodwa abakwazi ukuma okubhaliwe kanye nomehluko obukhali ezimweni, badinga ukuzivumelanisa kancane kancane nomoya omusha namakamelo amasha. Izitshalo kufanele zivikeleke kokusalungiswa, futhi futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuthi inhlama yobumba ayihlanganisiwe ngenkathi ebandayo.
Ukunisela nomswakama
Ukuze uphumelele ekukhuleni i-begonias futhi uthandise ukuqhakaza okunothe izinyanga, udinga ukulawula ngokucophelela umswakama we-substrate. Ukuze kube nezimbali ezi-begonias, ukuthambisa ngokulinganayo kuyadingeka ukuze kulondolozwe umswakama okhanyayo futhi ozinzile. Lezi zinqubo ziyenziwa, okuvumela inhlabathi engenhla ukuba yome. I-Begonias ayithandi ukungagxili nje kwamanzi, kepha futhi nomswakama ngokweqile ngesikhathi sokunisela okunamandla, ukuguquguquka okubukhali kokuqukethwe komswakama komhlaba. Ukuchichima kuyingozi kakhulu kubo. Ebusika, ukuchelela kuncishiswa kube ubuncane, kugcina umswakama womhlabathi okhanyayo kuphela futhi ukuvumela ukuthi komile cishe ngokuphelele phakathi kokwelashwa.
Kuma-begonias aqhakaza izimbali, kusetshenziswa kuphela amanzi athambile, axazululiwe. Kufanele ibhekelwe amazinga okushisa ayo, okufanele ahambisane lokushisa komoya egumbini.
Umswakama womoya ophakeme uyindlela ebalulekile yokufeza izimbali ezinhle ngokubabazekayo futhi wandise isikhathi sayo. Kepha, noma yiziphi ezinye izitshalo zalolu hlobo, ukufafaza nge-begonias kwenqatshiwe. Ungangezelela izinkomba zomswakama zomoya walezi zitshalo ngezinye izindlela - uzifake esikhwameni ngamapulangwe amanzi noma ngobumba olwandisiwe, ufake ama-humidifiers, njll. Ama-begonias agqama kahle awadingi umswakama "otshisayo"; amanani aphakathi nendawo nokuvikelwa emoyeni owomile ehlobo futhi ngesikhathi sokushisa kubanele.
Izimbali begoniaUkugqoka okuphezulu kokuqhakaza okuqhakaza izimbali
Naphezu kokuqhakaza okuningana futhi okuhlala isikhathi eside, ama-begonias awadingi ukugqoka okuphezulu okuphezulu. Lezi zitshalo zizwela kakhulu usawoti wamaminerali, ngakho-ke umanyolo usetshenziswa ngokuvinjelwe futhi ngokuvama okujwayelekile. Imvamisa elungile yezinqubo isikhathi esiyi-1 ezinsukwini eziyi-14 kuya ku-15 lapho usebenzisa umthamo ophelele womanyolo noma ukugqoka okuphezulu kweviki ngenani elincishisiwe lomquba. Ukondla kwenziwa phakathi nesikhathi sokuqhakaza nezimila ezisebenzayo.
Kungcono ukukhetha umanyolo owenzelwe ngokukhethekile ama-begonias ama-begonias aqhakaza izimbali ezinhle, kepha ukuxubeka okuyinkimbinkimbi okwenzelwe izimbali eziqhakaza ukumelwa okugcwele kwezinto zomkhondo nakho kufanelekile. Naka iqiniso lokuthi ama-begonias aqhakaza izimbali awabekezeleli isibabule, kepha aphendula ngokufanele lapho kwethulwa i-manganese ne-boron (ukufaka umquba okwengeziwe nge-boric acid ne-potanganum permanganate kungenziwa ngengxenye ye-0,1 g nge-1 litre lamanzi).
Ukunciphisa, ukuvuselela futhi ukusekela begonias
Ama-begonias aqhakaza kahle ngokuvamile athululwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqhakaza. Mayelana nesidingo sokuthena kanye nezimpawu zayo ukucacisa imininingwane lapho uthenga. E-begonias ehlala ihlala ihlala, amahlumela amade ngokuvamile athuliswa nje bese kuthi labo abonakele nababuthakathaka basuswe. Ukuthena okuseleyo kuncishiselwa ekususeni izithungo.
Ngenxa yokuqhakaza kwezimbali okuhlala isikhathi eside nokufiphele, ama-begonias aqhakaza izimbali aphulukeka zombili ziningi zombala nokuhlangana nobudala. Uma izihlahla zilahlekelwa ukusebenza kwazo kokuhlobisa, kunconywa ukuthi ziphinde zenziwe ngendlela yokusika. Ukuthena kakhadinali njengendlela yokuvuselela izimbali ezigelezayo akulungile. Imvamisa ejwayelekile yokuvuselela isikhathi yisikhathi esingu-2 ngeminyaka engu-2-3.
Izimbali ezibukeka kahle eziqhakaza kahle azigcini nje ngokuba compact, kodwa futhi zikhulu kakhulu, futhi izitshalo ezikhulayo zingakhula zize zikhule zikhulu. Ngenxa yokuqina kwawo, amahlumela awahlali ekwazi ukubekezelela isisindo sama inflorescences amakhulu, futhi ama-begonias aqhakaza kakhulu futhi aqhakaza kakhulu angahle adinge ukwesekwa ngendlela yendiza emfushane yezitebhisi noma “iluphu” eliyindilinga ukuvikela ukwaphuka kwezihluma ezibabayo.
Begonia elatior (Begonia elatior)Transplant kanye substrate
Ama-begonias aqhakaza kahle atshalwe kabusha ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali noma ngaphambi kokuqala kokukhula, ekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari. Isu eliphephe kakhulu ukufakelwa ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali. Ukuthena kwenziwa esitshalweni, emva kwalokho kudluliselwa kusihlokwana esisha. Izitshalo ezivuthiwe kakhulu zingatshalwa kabusha ngefrikhwensi yesikhathi esingu-1 eminyakeni emi-2, kepha zivame ukufeza ukufakelwa konyaka.
Ukukhethwa kwe-substrate ye-begonias kubaluleke kakhulu. Ama-begonias aqhakaza kahle izimbali awakwazi ukubekezelela ukungasebenzi kwenhlabathi, futhi ingxube yenhlabathi kumele ibe nokukhululeka, ukuphefumula nokukhanya. Kunama-substrates akhethekile ama-begonias athengiswayo, kepha ingxube enesakhiwo esanele se-fibrous nayo kufanelekile (inhlanganisela ye-heather kanye nenhlabathi yengadi nomquba ngomlinganiso ongu-5: 5: 1, umhlabathi we-turf nge-peat, humus nesihlabathi ngokulingana okulinganayo, njll.) Kukhethwa ama-subicates amancane we-acid anamanani we-pH kusuka ku-5.5 kuya ku-6.5. I-Perlite noma i-vermiculite ingafakwa enhlabathini ukuthuthukisa ukuphefumula.
Ukudluliselwa kokuqhakaza okuqhakaza kwezimbali kwenziwa ngokucophelela, kususwa inhlabathi yamahhala ngaphansi kophawu lobumba, kepha izama ukugwema ukuthintana nohlelo lwempande olungeqile. Umsebenzi oyinhloko ukubeka umgodi ophakeme, onamandla ezansi kwethangi.
Okwe-begonias eziqhakazayo, iziqukathi ezibanzi zithandelwa ukujula kwalo kungaphansi kwesilinganiso. Ukunciphisa ingozi yokushintshwa kwenhlabathi nokwandisa ukushintshiselana komoya endaweni engaphansi, kungcono ukhethe iziqukathi ezihlanganisiwe (ngokwesiko ngisho nama-begonias amakhulu aqhakaza izimbali atshalwe ezitsheni ezinobubanzi obungaba ngu-14 cm).
Izifo nezinambuzane
I-Powdery isikhutha ibeka ingozi enkulu kwezimbali ezi-begonas. Ngokuvamile, batusa ukubhubhisa isitshalo esinegciwane ngokushesha, ngoba ukulwa ngisho nokusebenzisa isikhunta kuyaqabukela kulethe imiphumela emihle, kanti i-begonia cishe ihlala ifa noma ilahlekelwe umthelela wayo wokuhlobisa kangangokuba kungcono ukuyisindisa ngokusabalalisa kusuka ekusikeni. Kutholakala kuma-begonias aqhakaza izimbali kanye nokubola okungwevu (ngokugcwala kwamanzi kwenhlabathi), kanye nama-aphid, okungcono ukulwa nezibulala zinambuzane ngokushesha.
Izinkinga ezikhulayo:
- ukubonakala kwamabala emaqabungeni lapho amaconsi amanzi ewa;
- ukulahla ama-buds kokusalungiswa noma umehluko wokushisa obukhali;
- ukuphonsa amaqabunga emakhazeni;
- ukufiphaza amaqabunga kanye nokunwebeka kwamahlumela ngokubopha okuqinile;
- ukomiswa kwemaphethelo amaqabunga kanye nokufiphaza amaqabunga elangeni eliqondile noma emoyeni owomile ngokweqile.
I-Hedgehog begonia, noma i-evergreen begonia (Begonia cucullata)Ukusakazeka kokuqhakaza okuqhakaza izimbali
Indlela enhle yokusakaza ama-begonas anonhlobonhlobo ama-cutonic asikiwe. Kulezi zitshalo, ukusikwa kwamahlamvu kungasetshenziswa ukuthola izitshalo ezintsha. Kepha indlela elula ukususa ama-cutic apical abude obujwayelekile obuyi-7 cm cm, asikwe amahlumela amahlumela (angenamila). Isikhathi esihle intwasahlobo noma ihlobo. Izimbambo zigxilile esihlabathini esimanzi ngaphansi kwehod.
Ezinhlelweni ezinde ezinkulu, indlela elula kunazo zonke, ukuhlukaniswa kwezihlahla, ingasetshenziswa njengendlela yokusabalalisa. Kepha akuholeli ekuvuseleleni, futhi isitshalo kusazodingeka sivuselelwe ngasikhathi sinye, ngakho-ke kungcono ukukhetha ngokushesha ukusikeka.
Ama-begonias angenama-hybrid anezimbali ezilula kunezimbali eziphindwe kabili asatshalaliswa yimbewu. Zisakazeke ebusweni bomhlabathi ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma ngokushesha nje ngemuva kokuvunwa, ngaphandle kokumboza ngenhlabathi futhi kwaqhuma ngaphansi kwefilimu noma ingilazi ngokukhanya okukhanyayo nokufudumele. Amahlumela akhula ngokushesha, adonswa esiteji seqabunga lesibili. Izitshalo ezisencane kumele zivikeleke ekungenisweni kwamanzi.
