Emvelweni, isitshalo esinjengalesi gloriosa (IGloriosa) itholakala ezindaweni ezishisayo zase-Afrika nase-Asia. Lolu hlobo lommeleli womndeni we-melantius futhi luhlanganisa ezinhlotsheni ezinhlanu kuya kweziyi-9 zezitshalo ezahlukahlukene. Ekuqaleni, lolu hlobo lwabelwa umkhaya wezinwele.
Lesi sitshalo sinokubukeka okuhle kakhulu. Igama elithi gloriosa livela egameni lesiLatini elithi Gloria, elisho "inkazimulo."
I-Gloriosa ingotshani obukhulu obunotshani. Iziqu ze-Curly zimboza amapheshana amaningi. Amapheshana ahleliwe anendawo e-lanceolate atholakele okuphambene noma izingcezu ezi-3. Ama-peduncle amade, lapho kukhula khona izimbali ezinhle, kuphuma ezinhlamvwini zamaqabunga eziseziqongweni zezitshalo.
Ukunakekelwa kukaGloriosa ekhaya
Ukukhanya
Isitshalo sidinga ukukhanya okukhanyayo, kepha ngalokhu kukhanya okungafani. Kuzizwa kungcono kakhulu kuwo wonke amafasitela asentshonalanga noma asempumalanga. Uma ibekwe efasiteleni lesimo esiseningizimu, kuyodingeka ukuthi ithunzile ukusuka elangeni eliqondile. Isitshalo esisanda kuthengwa sijwayele ukukhanyisa okukhanyayo kancane kancane. Into efanayo yenzeka ngemuva kwesimo sezulu esinamafu eside.
Imodi yokushisa
Esikhathini sentwasahlobo-ehlobo, imbali idinga izinga lokushisa lomoya lama-degree angama-20 kuye kwangama-25. Kufanele ivikelwe ezinsizeni ezibandayo zomoya nezinhlaka, ngoba i-gloriosa iphatha kabi kakhulu kubo. Ebusika, isikhathi sokuphumula siyabonakala. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza (ekwindla), kubalulekile ukunciphisa kancane kancane ukuthambisa, bese uyima ngokuphelele. Ekuqaleni noma maphakathi nenkathi yasekwindla, ingxenye yesitshalo engenhla komhlaba iyafa. Ama-tubers kufanele akhishwe enhlabathini, afafazwe ngesihlabathi esincane esomile futhi abekwe endaweni epholile (8-10 degrees) ukuze agcinwe. Lapho kufanele babe khona kuze kufike.
Ungaphuzisa kanjani
Esikhathini sentwasahlobo-ehlobo, ukuchelela kufanele kube maningi futhi amanzi athambile ahlala kahle asetshenziselwa lokhu. Qinisekisa ukuthi inhlabathi ebhodweni ihlala imanzi kancane. Ebusika, ukuthambisa akwenziwa.
Umswakama womoya
Lapho ukhule ekhaya, umswakama owengeziwe uyadingeka. Kunconywa ukuthi uthele uthuli omncane noma ubumba olwandisiwe epanini bese uthela amanzi, kodwa ngasikhathi sinye phansi kwembiza akufanele kuhlangane noketshezi. Kuyadingeka ukwenza ukufafaza nsuku zonke, kepha qiniseka ukuthi uketshezi aluweli ebusweni bezimbali, ngoba lokhu kungenza amabala akheke, okuzokwenza isitshalo siphelelwe umhlobiso.
Izici zezimbali
Izimbali zihle ngendlela emangalisayo futhi ziyabonakala ehlobo. Imbali ngokwayo iyagoba, ngenkathi i-perianth ikhuphuka, futhi lokhu akubheki nje ukuhlaba umxhwele kakhulu, kodwa futhi kukhanga izinambuzane. Kukholakala ukuthi impova ibangelwa ukuthi izimvemvane azikwazi ukuhlala imbali. Baphuza umpe ngempukane, kuyilapho benyusa amaphiko abo, futhi lokhu kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi ama-anthers ayajuluka nempova iwele ohlazweni. Kancane kancane, umbala ophuzi ushintsha ubomvu, ngenkathi izimbali ziyaqhakaza (cishe ama-inflorescence ayi-7 ngesizini eyodwa).
Umanyolo
Ngemuva kokuthi isitshalo sikhule ngokuqinile entwasahlobo, udinga ukuqala ukugqoka ngomanyolo okhethekile we-liquid wezitshalo zasendlini. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, futhi imiyalo kufanele ilandelwe.
Isipele
Njengoba lesi sitshalo siyi-liana, sidinga ukusekelwa, lapho sizobambelela khona e-antennae etholakala kumathiphu amaqabunga. Amahlumela ngokwawo abuthakathaka impela, futhi ukuze agweme ukuqhekeka kwawo ngenxa yokungatholakali kwezintuthwane engxenyeni engezansi, kunconyelwa ukubabopha. Ama-Shots awakwazi ukukhula eduze kwesisekelo, ahlanganiswa ne-amadevu kokuthile okuncanyana. Esimweni lapho kungenakwenzeka ukubeka ukwesekwa okuncane okunjenge-wire, amahlumela kufanele aboshwe njalo. Ukusuka ngoMeyi kuya kuJuni, ukukhula okukhulu kuyabonakala, futhi ngalesi sikhathi lesi sitshalo singafinyelela ukuphakama kwamasentimitha angama-200, kepha lokhu kuyinto engathandeki. Ukufinyeza ubude, amahlumela kufanele aqondiswe phansi ngokucophelela, ngenkathi uwagoba kancane.
Izici Zokufakelwa
Ukufakelwa kwenziwa kanye ngonyaka entwasahlobo. Amandla anconywayo ukukhetha i-ceramic, ephansi futhi ebanzi. Ukulungiselela ukuxubana komhlaba, kuyadingeka ukuhlanganisa umhlaba we-humus nomhlaba onqenqemeni, Peat nesihlabathi ekuqoqweni kwe-4: 2: 0.5: 0.5. Ungakhohlwa ngesendlalelo esihle sedamu. Lapho utshala, i-tuber ibekwa enezingqimba, kuyilapho imbozwe umhlaba ngamasentimitha amabili kuphela. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-tuber ine-bud eyodwa futhi uma ilahlekile, ihlumela ngeke livele (ingxenye ye-tuber ayilungele ukutshala). Ukutshala kwenziwa ekupheleni kokuqala kobusika besikhathi sentwasahlobo, kuyilapho umhlaba kufanele uhlale uthambile kancane bese kufakwa amazinga okushisa ayi-15-20 degrees. Lapho kuvela iziqu, isitsha sihlelwe kabusha kusilayidi esikhanyiswe kahle.
Izindlela zokuzala
Ungasakaza nezilimo eziyizigaxa noma imbewu.
Ngokuvamile kusakazwa yizilimo eziyizigaxa. Ngokutshala, sebenzisa amabhodwe enobubanzi bamasentimitha ayi-13 ogcwele ingxube yenhlabathi enamaphepha eshidi, i-humus nomhlaba wesod, kanye nesihlabathi, okufanele sithathwe ngokwesilinganiso 2: 2: 1: 0.5. I-tuber inesithombo sokuhluma (lokhu kungukugoqa okuvela engxenyeni ephezulu). Fafaza nomhlaba ngamasentimitha amathathu. Udinga ukushisa (kusuka kuma-20 kuye kwangama-24 degrees) futhi kuyanconywa ukusebenzisa ukufudumeza okuphansi. Ukunisela kokuqala kwenziwa ngemuva kokuvela kwegciwane. Iziqu ziboshwe esikhonkwaneni. Lapho izimpande ziyeka ukungena esitsheni, kubalulekile ukufakelwa ebhodweni elikhudlwana noma emhlabathini ovulekile.
Isitshalo esitholakala embewu sikhula kancane. Ukuthola imbewu, udinga ukufaka impova yezimbali ngesandla. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa ibhulashi ukudlulisa impova kusihlamba. Kuhlwanyelwa imbewu entsha kuphela. Ngokuhlwanyelwa, sebenzisa ingxube equkethe izingxenye ezifanayo zepeat kanye ne-turf land, kanye nesihlabathi. Ukuhluma kudinga ukushisa kwama-degree angama-20- 24. Izimbali zokuqala zizoba ngonyaka wesithathu wokuphila.
Ubuthi
Izilimo eziyizigaxa zesitshalo azinakuchaphazeleka, ngoba ziqukethe ubuthi. UGloriosa ubekwe ngaphandle kwezilwane nezingane.
Izinambuzane nezifo
Amabala angahlala esitshalweni, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ahlushwa i-powdery hlobo.
Izinkinga ezingaba khona lapho ukhula:
- Ukuntuleka kwezimbali, ukukhula kancane - kunokukhanya okuncane, i-tuber yonakele noma ibingagcinwanga kahle.
- I-Foliage droops - ngenxa yokushintsha okukhulu kwezinga lokushisa, amahlamvu aba mnyama futhi anciphe, kanti iziqu zikhula kancane kakhulu.
- Amahlamvu aphuzi - umswakama ophansi, ukuchelela okuyinqaba (amaqabunga aphenduka aphuzi, kanti amathiphu ajika abe nsundu).
- Ukubola kwezimpande -ukuqina kwamanzi enhlabathini (ishubhu liqala ukubola, amaqabunga aphenduka aphuzi, kanti amahlumela azoba athambile futhi abe yi-lethargic).
Ukubuyekezwa kwevidiyo
Izinhlobo eziphambili
Gloriosa langa (Gloriosa superba)
Lolu hlobo lunamanye amagama amaningi uGloriosa rothschildiana, Gloriosa abyssinica, Gloriosa virescens, Clinostylis speciosa, Gloriosa simplex nabanye. Le yizinhlobo ezidumile kakhulu kwezimbali zasekhaya, ezibonakala ngomphumela wazo wokuhlobisa. Emvelweni, le nhlobo ingatholakala eNepal, eSri Lanka, ezindaweni ezishisayo zase-Afrika nasogwini lweMalabar (endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-1,500). Ikhetha ukukhula kumhlabathi wobumba ema-monsoon kanye nasehlathini lemvula. Iziqu zingafinyelela ukuphakama kwamasentimitha ayi-150-200. Amacembe acwebezelayo angenamikhono akhombe phezulu, akhula abe yizicucu ezintathu futhi ahlelwe ngokuhlukile. Ngobude bafinyelela amasentimitha ayi-10, futhi ububanzi - amasentimitha amathathu. Izimbali eziqhubekayo zigqwabaze amacembe amade (ubude bube ngamasentimitha ayi-8, nobubanzi bube ngamasentimitha ayi-2,5). Anombala ongajwayelekile, ngokwesibonelo, ophuzi ngaphakathi kusuka ngezansi, ugcwele ngaphezulu nge-salmon, kanye nesalimoni epinki ngaphandle. Iqhakaza kusuka ngoJuni kuya ku-Agasti.
I-Gloriosa simplex (Gloriosa simplex)
Kutholakala emvelweni emahlathini emvula ase Africa. Ubude beziqu bungafinyelela amasentimitha ayi-150. Amaqabunga e-Lanceolate ngobude afinyelela amasentimitha ayi-8. Izimbali ezibushelelezi, zikhula kancane ngezimbali zamahlamvu. Amapharele angagodliwe angaba amasentimitha ayisihlanu ubude; apendwe ngombala oluhlaza okotshani ngopende obomvu ophuzi. Iqhakaza kakhulu ehlobo.
Gloriosa Rothschild (Gloriosa rothschildiana)
Itholakala ngemvelo emahlathini omanzi weendaweni ezishisayo zase-Afrika. Iziqu ze-Curly ziqonde ekuqaleni, bese ziqala ukubuna. Amaqabunga e-Lanceolate akhula abe amasentimitha ayi-8 ubude. Izimbali zikhula kusuka kuma-sinuses futhi zinamathela kuma-pedicel amade kakhulu (aze afike kumasentimitha ayi-10). Ama-petals lanceolate afinyelela ubude obungamasentimitha ayi-10, kuyilapho imiphetho yamacembe ihlangene futhi inesandla. Izimbali zibomvu mnyama futhi zinamabala ansomi ngaphansi. Iqhakaza ehlobo. Izinhlobo zeCitrina zibonakaliswa iqiniso lokuthi ezinhlotsheni ezinombala we-ulamula ziyindlela emnyama ebomvu.
