Ezimweni zethu zesimo sezulu, ukutshala amaqanda amaqanda kwesinye isikhathi kuba ngumsebenzi ongenakwenzeka ngisho kubalimi abanolwazi, futhi kwabaqalayo kufana nenkanyezi esibhakabhakeni. Izinkinga ezinjalo zihlobene neqiniso lokuthi isitshalo seqanda empeleni asilibekezeleli ihlobo lethu; izinguquko ezibukhali zokushisa kwesimo sezulu kanye nezimo zezulu ziyafakazelwa sona. Kudinga ukushisa okungaguquki, umswakama olinganiselayo nokushoda komoya okuphelele. Ake sithi lesi sitshalo sidinga ukunakekelwa okungapheli nokunakekelwa okufanele.
Kepha bakhona abalimi abakwaziyo ukutshala ama-ama-amaqanda amaqanda yize kungashintsha kakhulu, ngokuya ngesimo sezulu, izindawo. Akuzona izangoma nakancane, zimane zinolwazi oluthile nezimfihlo ozofunda kulo mbhalo.
Izimfihlo eziyisikhombisa zokuvunwa okuhle kwesitshalo seqanda
Akukho dive
Lesi sitshalo siba ntekenteke kakhulu, ngakho-ke uma uthinta impande kancane ngesikhathi sokumba, kungenzeka ukuthi kufe noma kukhule ukukhula kwesitshalo. Ngakho-ke, ukuvimbela izimo ezinjalo, kungcono ukutshala ama-ama-eggplant ngokushesha ezitsheni ezikhethekile. Kungenzeka ukuthi udlulisele kumhlabathi ovulekile kuphela ngaphansi kwesimo sokusebenzisa indlela ye “transshipment” - ukudlulisa lesi sitshalo nesixhaxha somhlaba, ngaphandle kokuthinta impande.
Umbhede ofudumele
Ekukhuleni kwamaqanda amaqanda anempilo, izimpande zawo kufanele zigcinwe zifudumele. Ngakho-ke, lokushisa kwenhlabathi lapho ukutshala isitshalo seqanda kufanele kube okungenani ama-20 degrees.
Inhlabathi emanzi njalo
Ukuphela kwendlela yokulungisa umswakama ngokulinganayo embhedeni wesitshalo seqanda ukuwasebenzisa. Isitshalo seqanda sifakwe ungqimba obukhulu botshani, utshani noma sawdust, kungenzeka ngazo zonke izindlela ezifakwe ohlwini ngokushesha.
Ukunisela kwakusihlwa
Ama-eggplant amane athande amanzi, ngakho-ke akunangqondo ngabo ukuthi baphile endaweni eyomile. Imibhede lapho kwakusetshenziswa khona i-mulching, yanele ukunisela kanye ngeviki, kepha lawo mibhede lapho isitshalo seqanda sikhula khona emhlabathini ongenalutho kumele iniselwe zonke izinsuku. Isimo sezulu esishisa kakhulu, cishe ama-30 degrees, ukuthambisa kungenziwa nsuku zonke. Okuphumelela kakhulu ukuchelela ngaphansi kwempande, amanzi kufanele afudumale (cishe ama-20-25 degrees). Qiniseka ukuyinisela kusihlwa, ngoba lapho ilanga alikhiphi umswakama futhi lingena emhlabathini. Akufanele futhi ukuthi uthele kakhulu isitshalo seqanda, kuzoba nzima ukuthi isitshalo esinamanzi sibambe izithelo.
Ukufinyelela elangeni nokuvikelwa komoya
Ngaphandle kokuthi ama-eggplant akakwazi ukukhula endaweni eyomile kakhulu, ukumiswa kwezithelo akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kwelanga eliningi. Kunenkinga eyodwa futhi: isitshalo seqanda ngeke sime ngaphakathi, kepha asibekezeleli umoya noma uhlaka. Abalimi ngandlela thile kudingeka baphume kulesi simo, futhi beza nezindlela ezahlukahlukene. Isibonelo, uma isitshalo seqanda sikhule endaweni ebamba ukushisa, ungavula iwindi lokungena komoya. Uma isitshalo seqanda sitshalwe enhlabathini evulekile, khona-ke awukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kokudala isakhiwo esikhethekile. Ukwakhiwa kubukeka kanjena: ama-iron arcs afakwa ngezinto zokumboza, ezivulwa kuphela ohlangothini olulodwa.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ama-eggplant yilezo izitshalo ezidinga nje ukondliwa. Ukondliwa kokuqala kwesitshalo seqanda kwenziwa ngesikhathi sezinsuku eziyi-15-20 ngemuva kokutshala izitshalo emhlabathini. Kokondla kokuqala, kunconywa ukusebenzisa amaconsi enkukhu, ukumnika kusuka kumakhambi ovuthiwe noma i-mullein. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngesikhathi sokukhula, kunconywa ukondla ama-amaqanda amaqanda ngamanyolo ahlukahlukene we-phosphate. Enye into enhle yokudla okungenamsoco umlotha. Ingafakwa emithonjeni kaningi ngenyanga.
Ukwakhiwa kwe-Bush
Uma isitshalo seqanda sikhulile futhi sinamandla ngokwanele, khona-ke nakanjani udinga ukwakha isihlahla. Ukwakheka kwesihlahla kuqukethe ukususa i -onsons okungadingeki (amahlumela lapho kungekho khona amaqanda ngezithelo), kususa amaqabunga aholela ekubumbeni kwezitshalo. Ezinye izakhamizi zasehlobo zize zicinezele phezulu esihlahleni, uma ukuphakama kwawo sekufinyelele amasentimitha angama-30. Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-isitshalo seqanda, ezincane ekuphakameni, azidingi ukwakheka. Kulokhu, udinga kuphela ukuqeda amaqabunga ngokweqile namahlumela. Kubalulekile ukuthi ngemuva kokucutshungulwa kwezinhlobonhlobo ezinjalo, kungabikho amagatsha angaphezu kuka-3 asele.
Ngenxa yalokhu, ukuze ukhule ama-eggplant aphilile futhi amahle, udinga ukukhumbula ukuthi azakhiqizi izithelo ngamazinga aphansi okushisa (ngaphansi kwama-degree angama-18) noma phezulu kakhulu (ngaphezulu kwama-degree angama-35), awubekezeleli umoya nokusalungiswa, futhi mubi ngokwanele futhi umswakama owanele. Ukulandela imithetho eyisikhombisa echazwe ngenhla, awusoze washiywa ngaphandle kwesitshalo esifanele se-isitshalo seqanda, into esemqoka ukuthi ungasizi isikhathi sakho futhi uma imithetho ichaza ukuthi ama-eggplant awawubekezeleli umoya, lapho-ke udinga ukubakhela indawo yokuhlala efanele.
