Uhlobo lokuthanda Lelia (Laelia) kuhlobene ngqo nomndeni wama-orchid. Kuhlanganisa izinhlobo zezitshalo ezingama-23. Zifanekiselwa izitshalo ze-epiphytic zisetshenziswa kanye nezitshalo ze-lithophytic. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, angatholakala ezifundeni ezishisayo nezishisayo zaseWest Indies naseNingizimu Melika.
Zonke izinhlobo ziyahluka ngesimo sokukhula kwesympoidal. Amahlumela amancane ezinhlotsheni ezithile angakhula ngaphansi kwesidala, kuyilapho kwakhiwa amahlumela aminyene anamahlumela amfishane amfushane (ama-rhizomes), kuyilapho kwezinye - kude nalo.
Imbali ngokwayo ingaba nezilinganiso ezihlukile. Ngakho-ke, ingaba ngamasentimitha angama-1-2 noma amasentimitha angama-30-60. Ama-pseudobulbs ama -vava noma bifacial angahle abe ne-ovoid noma ubude be-cylindrical. Ama-pseudobulbs amancane acwebezelayo, abushelelezi futhi apendwe ngombala oluhlaza okotshani noma ompunga, lapho ekhula eba mnyama futhi agwinyile. Amaqabunga awugqinsi wesitho sowesifazane sangasese anesimo esinqenqemeni noma esibhande, futhi anamaphoyinti esicu. Ipuleti lamaqabunga ligoqeka kancane eceleni kwethambo eliphakathi nendawo.
Lolu hlobo lwama-orchid aqhuma enkabeni yeRussia ebusika nasentwasahlobo, futhi ngokunembile kusuka ngoDisemba kuya ku-Ephreli. Ama-peduncle aplic angenasisekelo angaphendulwanga anezimbali ezingama-1 noma i-inflorescences ngendlela yebhulashi. Izimbali ezinamakha ze-zygomorphic ezinamakha zinobukhulu obukhulu (ubukhulu kusuka kumasentimitha ayi-15 kuye kwangama-20). Ama-petals ama-2 (ama-petals) nama-3 tombals (ama-sepals) - amahhala, anombala ofanayo, futhi abuye abe nesigaxa esimise okwebhande noma emincane-oval. Ama-petals abanzi kunamathuna, futhi imiphetho yawo iwavy kancane. I-petal yesithathu ibizwa ngokuthi i-lip, ingaba yimithambo emithathu noma iqinile, futhi ibuye ibe nomphetho noma ube bushelelezi obushelelezi. Ifakwe phansi esisekelweni, iyishubhu ende ende, ngenkathi ifihla ikholamu ngokuphelele (isitho sokuzala sentyatyambo).
Ukunakekela uLeleia ekhaya
Isitshalo esinjalo kunzima impela ukusinakekela, futhi sidinga izimo ezikhethekile zokuboshwa. Ilungele kakhulu ukulinyelwa abalimi abanolwazi.
Ukukhanya
Isitshalo esihle kakhulu sithombe esidinga ukukhanyiswa okukhulu kakhulu. Ngaye, imisebe eqondile yasekuseni noma yelanga kusihlwa izoba wusizo olukhulu. Kodwa-ke, kusukela elangeni elihangayo lesikhathi sasemini kungcono ukumboza ikherubi. Ukukhanya kwelanga kungathathelwa indawo ukukhanya okufakwayo kokukhanya okulinganayo. Ngasiphi isikhathi sonyaka, amahora okukhanya kwemini kufanele abe nesikhathi okungenani amahora ayi-10.
Ngenxa yokukhanya okukhanyayo, ukukhula okuyikho kwama-pseudobulbs, ukubekwa kwezimbali eziqhakazayo futhi, ngenxa yalokho, kuvela izimbali isikhathi eside.
Imodi yokushisa
Le mbali idinga ukushisa okuphakathi ngokulinganayo. Udinga umehluko obonakalayo kakhulu ekushiseni kwansuku zonke. Ngakho-ke, kungcono kakhulu uma ngesikhathi sasemini kuzoba kusuka ku-18 kuye ku-25 degrees, futhi ebusuku - kusuka ku-13 kuye ku-19 degrees. Kumele kwaziwe ukuthi umehluko wokushisa usuku nobusuku kufanele okungenani ube ngama-degree ayi-5.
Abatshali bezimbali abanolwazi batusa ukuhambisa lesi sitshalo emoyeni omusha, lapho kungahlala kusuka maphakathi noMeyi kuya maphakathi no-Septhemba. Kulokhu, kunomehluko wemvelo ekushiseni kwansuku zonke, kanye nezinga lokukhanyisa elifanele. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi emigwaqweni i-orchid enjalo ingamelana namazinga okushisa esikhathi esikhathi sasemini (afinyelela kuma-32 degrees).
Ngesikhathi sokuwa, isitshalo kumele sibekwe endaweni ekhanyayo nepholileko enekushisa kwelanga okungaba ngama-degree ayi-15 kanye nobusuku bokushisa obungu-10 degrees.
Le nkathi, njengomthetho, ibonwa ekwindla-ebusika, kepha ngasikhathi sinye kungaba ngezinye izikhathi. Ukuqala kwenkathi yokucwilisa yilapho kukhula ipseudobulb encane bese iqabunga livulela ½ ingxenye, kanye nokuphela - emva kokwakhiwa kwe-peduncle.
Ingxube yomhlaba
Imbali enjalo ingatshalwa emabhulokini noma emiphongolweni egcwaliswe izingcezu ezincane zokhuni lwama-pine, kuxutshwe ne-sphagnum.
Kungcono ukusebenzisa ibhodwe elisobala elakhelwe ama-orchid. Kudlula ukukhanya okudingekayo kohlelo lwempande kahle, futhi kuvumela nomoya ukuba udlule sibonga kakhulu kwizimbobo ezinkulu zokudonsa amanzi.
Njengesivimba, ungasebenzisa ucezwana olukhulu lwamakhonkolo ephayini, kufanele welashwe kuqala, ususe ukungcola kanye netha. Phezu kwebha, udinga ukulungisa izimpande zezimbali, ngenkathi uzimboza ngesendlalelo esingesibi kakhulu se-sphagnum. Ukufa kungagcina umswakama, kuvimbele izimpande ukuthi zome.
Ungaphuzisa kanjani
Ngezindlela ezihlukile zokutshala, ukuchelela kuhlukile. Uma leleum ikhula ebhodweni, khona-ke ukuchelela kwenziwa ngemuva kokuthi isigceme sesomile ngokuphelele. Ukuthola isimo segxolo elisembizeni, ungamane ubheke odongeni olusekuhleni. Lapho ukhula ebhulokini ngezinsuku ezishisayo, ukuthambisa nsuku zonke kuyadingeka, futhi ngezinsuku ezipholile - isikhathi esingu-1 ngezinsuku ezi-2.
Ukuchelela kwenziwa ngamanzi okushisa egumbi athambile ngempela (okuhlungiwe, imvula noma ancibilike). Ukuze unciphise, ungasebenzisa i-citric acid encane noma ithonsi likaviniga (amanzi akufanele abe nokunambitheka kwe-acid).
Kunconywa ukunisela i-orchid, ukuyicwilisa ngokuphelele emanzini ingxenye yesithathu yehora. Ungafaka isitshalo sonke ngamahlamvu.
Umswakama
Umswakama omkhulu ngamaphesenti angama-75-85. Ukunyakazisa okuvame kakhulu okuvela ku-sprayer akukwazi ukunikeza izinga lomswakama oludingekayo, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukukhulisa imbali kuma-orchid ngesimo sezulu esikhethiwe noma ukusebenzisa umswakama womoya wasendlini.
Izici Zokufakelwa
Imbali edluliselwe kuphela uma kunesidingo. Isibonelo, lapho ama-substrate rots, acidides, ebola, noma eba mnene kakhulu, nokuthi izimpande azisengene kahle ebhodweni noma ibhloko liba namandla kakhulu.
Kungcono ukufakelwa uLeleia ngesikhathi sokukhula kwezimpande ezintsha.
Umanyolo
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa ngesikhathi se-1 emavikini angama-2-3. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa umanyolo okhethekile wama-orchid (1/2 ingxenye yomthamo onconyiwe kwiphakheji). Kunconywa ukondla ngendlela yefoliar nezimpande (ukuyishintshanisa), kuyilapho umanyolo kumele uchitheke emanzini okunisela noma ukufafaza.
Izindlela zokuzala
Propagate ngaphakathi endlini kungaba kuphela vegetatively. Ngaso leso sikhathi, kuyadingeka ukuhlukanisa ama-rhizomes esihlahla esikhulu ngezingxenye ukuze ukwahlukanisa ngakunye kube nama-pseudobulbs avuthiwe okungenani ama-3.
Ukusakazwa kwembewu nokuhlanganiswa kusetshenziswa kuphela ezimeni zezimboni.
Izinambuzane nezifo
Melana nezilokazane.
Ukutheleleka ngezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane akuvamile kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, ngenxa yokwephulwa kwemithetho yokunakekelwa, izifo ezikhunta ziyahluma. Izimo zokushisa ezingalungile, ukuthambisa okungafanele, ukukhanyisa okukhulu noma okungekuhle, amanzi alukhuni noma apholile, ukulimala kohlelo lwezimpande ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, nokunye kungasiza kulokhu.
Izinhlobo eziphambili
Ukulima okungaphakathi endlini, zisetshenziswa izinhlobo ezimbalwa kuphela nohlobo lwazo oluningi lwe nzalo.
Lelia le-emiswe kabili (Laelia ancep)
Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo lesi sitshalo se-epiphytic ingamahlathi omanzi aseHonduras, eMexico naseGuatemala. Ama-pseudobulbs omise okwejwayelekile, afinyelela amasentimitha angama-2-3 ububanzi namasentimitha ayi-6-10 ukuphakama. Ubhejane omude ofanele. Ukwakheka kweziqu ezincanyana kwenzeka ibanga lamasentimitha amathathu kuya kwayisi-5 ukusuka komunye nomunye. Ngobude, amaqabunga afinyelela amasentimitha ayi-10-20, futhi ububanzi - cishe amasentimitha amane. Ubude be-peduncle bungaba amasentimitha ayi-100, kuyilapho kubekwa izimbali ezinkulu ezifika ku-5 (ububanzi kuze kube ngamasentimitha ayi-12). Amacembe we-Lanceolate kanye namathuna angamakhonkolo agodlekile futhi anemiphetho emincane ye-wavy. Ukwahlukaniswa kungamasentimitha ayi-4,5 ubude, namasentimitha ayi-1 kuye kwayi-1.5 ububanzi. Amathanga ahlala isikhathi eside, futhi ububanzi bawo bube ngamasentimitha ayi-1,5, futhi ubude bawo busuka kumasentimitha amahlanu kuya kwayi-7. Izindebe ezinkulu ezinamanzi amathathu, zakha umhubhe obanzi ngokulinganayo, zinosayizi: 4.5 ngamasentimitha ayi-3.5. Ingxenye ephakathi nendawo yomlomo inesimo esisebusheni, iyashwabana futhi igobile phansi. Imvamisa, imbali inalolu hlobo lombala: amacembe ama-lilac aphaphathekile namathuna kanye nomlomo onsomi. Imisele ngaphakathi, kanye ne-pharynx yayo evulekile, inombala ophuzi, futhi enemivimbo yombala onsomi omnyama.
Lelia Gould (Laelia gouldiana)
Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo le epiphyte yiMexico, kepha okwamanje akunakwenzeka ukuhlangana nayo ngezimo zemvelo. Ama-pseudobulbs anezinhlaka ezimbili, anombala omfiphele futhi anobuso obukhulu obu-4. Ekuphakameni, angafinyelela amasentimitha ayi-4-15, futhi ububanzi - amasentimitha ayi-1.5-3. Ububanzi bamaqabunga bungamasentimitha amathathu, futhi ubude bawo busuka ku-15 baye ku-25 amasentimitha. I-peduncle ende (ukuphakama kwamasentimitha angama-40-80) ithwala izimbali ezintathu kuya kwezingu-10, ububanzi bayo bungamasentimitha ayi-8. Amatshe amancanyana wesimo se-lanceolate afinyelela amasentimitha ayi-2 ububanzi ububanzi, futhi ubude - ukusuka kumasentimitha amahlanu kuya kwayi-6. Ama-petals abanzi eRhomboid anemiphetho ye-wavy anokuphakama kwamasentimitha angama-5-6 nobubanzi bamasentimitha amabili kuya kwayi-3. Ubude bezindebe ezinemilenze emithathu buqhamuka kumasentimitha amathathu kuya kwayisi-5, kanti ububanzi bungamasentimitha ayi-2-2,5. Izingxenye eziseceleni eziqondile, ezikhiwe mpela, azikhuli ndawonye ku-tube, kuyilapho ingxenye engezansi yama-oval engaphambili ejulile ifana ne-scapula futhi inemiphetho ye-wavy. Yonke inkomishi ipendiwe ngombala we-lilac, ngenkathi umbala umnyama kumathiphu wezibaya, amathuna nezindebe, futhi eduze kwesisekelo kuphenduka kucishe kube mhlophe.
Blushing Lelia (Laelia rubescens)
Le lithophyte noma i-epiphyte ingatholakala cishe kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yeCentral America. Ama-pseudobulbs ama-oval angalingani kwesinye isikhathi atholakala kancane ezinhlangothini. Ububanzi bawo buvela ku-1.5 kuya ku-4 amasentimitha, futhi ukuphakama kwawo kungamasentimitha angama-4-7. I-Narrow-elliptic, amapheshana anobubanzi besentimitha amathathu anomunwe oyindilinga nobude bamasentimitha ayi-10-15. Ama-peduncle ane-flowed flow amaningi angafinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-15-80, futhi athwalela izimbali ezibalelwa ku-15 (ubukhulu kusuka kumasentimitha amathathu kuya kwayi-7). Amathuna akhonjisiwe anesimo esinjengebhande, afinyelela ku-2-4,5 amasentimitha ubude, no-0.5-1 cm cm ububanzi. Ama-petals angama-round-rhomboid anemiphetho ye-wavy angamasentimitha ayi-2,5-4 ubude, amasentimitha ayi-2 ububanzi. Izindebe eziphindwe kathathu zinobubanziamasentimitha ayi-1.5-2,5 nobude bamasentimitha amabili kuya kwayi-4. Kwakhiwa ishubhu evela ezingxenyeni eziseceleni, kuthi engxenyeni ekhululekile, engaphambili igobile phansi ibe nolimi lwayo olude olujamojikelele futhi onqenqemeni lwe-wavy. Njengomthetho, imbali ipendiwe ngombala onsomi okhanyayo onsomi noma okhanyayo okhanyayo, ngaphakathi kweshubhu, kanye ne pharynx zipendwe ngopende omnyama onsomi, futhi engxenyeni esemaphakathi yomlomo kukhona ucezwana ophuzi.
Lelia umhle kakhulu (Laelia speciosa)
Le epiphyte igcwele eMexico. Ama-pseudobulbs ama -vava noma ama-bifold ovoid ukuphakama afinyelela cishe amasentimitha amahlanu. Ububanzi bamaqabunga busuka ku-2 kuya ku-3 amasentimitha, futhi ukuphakama kwawo kungamasentimitha ayi-13- 13. Ama-peduncle amafushane, njengomthetho, awekho ngaphezu kwamasentimitha angama-20. Izimbali ezibhangqiwe noma ezingashadile zikhulu ngosayizi, ubukhulu bazo buqala ngamasentimitha ayi-10 kuya kwayi-15. Isahluko sinomumo oboshwe ngebhande noma ungqimba, kanti amacembe akhonjisiwe anombala oyedayimane. Izimbali zingadwetshwa ngemibala ehlukahlukene kusuka ku-pink kuya ku-lilac. Kukhona nabamele ngombala omhlophe weqhwa. Umlomo ulindwe kathathu. Izingxenye ezilandelanayo, ezinamathele ku-2/3 ubude bazo, zakha ishubhu elinemiphetho yangaphakathi. Ingxenye efekethisiwe eyenziwe sofeni noma ifosholo ibunjiwe. I-tube ngaphakathi, kanye ne-lip, inombala omhlophe, kuyilapho kukhona imidwebo ye-hue ebubende, futhi kukhona nomphetho wombala ofanayo.
