Ukuthuthuka okusebenzayo komhlaba nezimbila zalo ezazingafinyeleleki ngaphambili zazinikeza umuntu umhlangano nezitshalo ezimangalisa kakhulu. Phakathi kwabo, iStrelitzia, incazelo nemibono yazo etholakala kwabasebenza ngezitshalo ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19.
Uhlobo oluncane lwe-Strelitzia noma i-Strelitzia luqhamuka eNingizimu Afrika, lapho la ma-perennials amakhulu akhetha ukuhlala kumapulangwe omile welanga, kanye nasethunzini elingabonakali ngaphansi kwezihlahla ezinkulu. Abahambi ababedlula emazweni akude bayehluleka ukuqaphela izitshalo ezinama-inflorescence aqhakazile, anzima, abukeka njengamakhanda ezinyoni eziyipharadesi ezingaziwa. Ekuqaleni, ama-strlitzia "abephethwe" ngabokufika abavela eYurophu, bese kuthi esuka e-Afrika eseningizimu bawele kwi-Old World.
Igama lale mbali lalihlonipha uCharlotte-Sofia Mecklenburg-Strelitskaya. Ngakho-ke, ama-botanists aseBrithani akagcinanga ngokuthokozisa indlovukazi yawo, kodwa azwakalisa ukubonga kuye ngentshisekelo yakhe kwisayensi nangokuvulwa kweKew yensimu enkulu kunazo zonke, ekhona futhi manje eseyakhiwe.
Strelitzia Incazelo
Zonke ezaziwa namuhla i-strlitzia zingama-perennials amakhulu ahlala enengxenye enamandla enamandla engaphezulu komhlaba nohlelo olufanayo lwezimpande. Ngenxa yezimpande ezicijile, lesi sitshalo sivumelaniswa ngokuphelele nokuntuleka komswakama. Amaqabunga ezinhlobo ezithile ze-strelitzia afana namaqabunga ebhanana, kodwa ezindaweni ezomileyo amaqabunga amaqabunga ezinhlobo zasendaweni ayancipha, abe njenge-paddle noma anyamalale ngokuphelele, aguqula lesi sitshalo sibe yi-porcupine enkulu ehlanganisiwe embozwe ngentambo ye-wax. Umhlobiso weStrelitzia ungama-inflorescence awo, ahlanganisa izimbali ezi-5 kuya kwezi-7 ezi-orange.
I-strlitzia enkulu kunazo zonke, ngokuya ngezincazelo zezinhlobo, ifinyelela kumamitha ayi-10 ubude. Ngokukhula egumbini, izithombo zezingane zaseNingizimu Afrika Republic, e-Australia nakwamanye amazwe zikhetha izinhlobo ezihlangene futhi zizalela ngenkuthalo ukuthola izinhlobo zokuqala nezitshalo ezimfushane.
I-Royal Strelitzia (i-Strelitzia reginae)
Uhlobo lokuqala lwezinhlobo ezivulekile nezichaziwe ze-strelitzia nazo zithole igama lasebukhosini. Isitshalo sendabuko eseningizimu ye-Afrika asheshe sathandwa hhayi eYurophu kuphela, kodwa naseNew World. ILos Angeles yenza lembali ngokusemthethweni. Futhi inkosi yasebukhosini engabekezeleliyo yasabela kubantu basedolobheni ngokubuya kwayo nokuthokozela isikhathi eside ngokuqhakaza okungajwayelekile.
Izitshalo zaseCrohn kusiko lembiza ukuphakama kufinyelela kumamitha ayi-1-1,5. Amaqabunga e-ovval noma kancane acwebezelayo, anobude obungu-40 no-splint afinyelela kuma-30 cm, ahlelwe ngemigqa emibili, abe nendawo ebushelelezi, imiphetho ebushelelezi kanye ne-petiole ende elukhuni ekhula ifinyelela ku-60 cm. I-rhizome enamandla ifihlwe ngaphansi kwenhlabathi, ngosizo imbali engasakazeka ngayo.
Ama-inflorescences, afihlwe kancane ngamabrake aluhlaza onsundu aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, aqukethe izimbali eziningana ezinezimbali eziwolintshi nezuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, ubukhulu bentyatyambo eyodwa bufinyelela ku-10-15 cm, bese kuthi olunye lulandele ukuqhakaza kwentwasahlobo. Ngokusho kwencazelo, i-strlitzia kungenzeka ingapheli kuze kuphele inyanga, kanti izimbali nazo ziziphatha kahle lapho zisikwa.
Lapho ukhetha i-Strelitzia yasebukhosini esitolo, ungabona elinye igama - i-Strelitzia elincane-eleved noma i-Strelitzia Parvifolia. Lesi yisitshalo esisodwa nesisodwa, sibhekwa njengesihle kakhulu ekukhuleni kwasekhaya.
Ukwehlukanisa amaqoqo wabalimi, uMandela Gold wakhiwa eSouth Africa ngezimbali eziphuzi-eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezingajwayelekile izitshalo zasendle kanye nezimbali ezimbili.
Strelitzia Nicholas (Strelitzia nicolai)
IStrelitzia ingabizwa kufanele ngokuthi imbali yasebukhosini. Akugcinanga lapho lonke uhlobo kanye nolokuqala lwezinhlobo lathola igama leNdlovukazi yaseBrithani, enye inhlobo yezimbali yaqala ukuqanjwa ngegama lokuhlonipha u-Grand Duke Nikolai Nikolaevich, owayehlaba umxhwele umbuso wezitshalo futhi engamele iSt. Petersburg Botanical Garden.
Njengoba kulandelayo kusuka encazelweni, le nhlobo ye-strlitzia ingabizwa kufanele ngokuthi izitshalo ezinkulu kakhulu eziluhlaza okotshani. Ngakho-ke, akumangazi ukuthi izimpaphe zisebenza njenge-pollinators emvelweni, futhi emasikweni ebhodwe imbali kufanele ifakwe impova ngesandla.
Izitshalo ezikhula zifinyelela kumamitha ayi-10 ukuphakama zifana nebhanana, okwathonya ukuvela kwegama elidumile iStrelitzia. Isikhathi eside, kumaqabunga e-petioles asendle anamandla asetshenziswa ngenkuthalo ngabantu ekwakheni uthango, izintambo, nophahla.
Entwasahlobo, iziqu, njengezihlahla zesundu, zihlotshiswe ngama-inflorescence amhlophe-aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngombala obomvu onsomi.
Intaba yaseStrelitzia (Strelitzia caudata)
Olunye uhlobo olukhulu lwe-strlitzia luyizintaba. Ngobukhulu, uphikisana ngesibindi nezihlahla zehlathi lemvula. I-herbaceous perennial ingakhula ibe ngamamitha ayi-10 ukuphakama. Njengoba ikhula, ingxenye engezansi yesiqu iyavezwa, okwenza lesi sitshalo sibukeke njengebhanana elijwayelekile noma ngisho nesundu.
Njengokwezinhlobonhlobo ezichazwe ngaphambilini, izimbali zezintaba ze-strosszia zinezithambo zangaphakathi ezimhlophe nezibhakabhaka. Ama-corollas asetshenziswe kusuka ngezansi ahlanganiswe izingcezu eziningana futhi ambozwe ngamabala amnyama obomvu noma onsomi amnyama afinyelela kuhafu wemitha.
Reed Strelitzia (Strelitzia juncea)
Lolu hlobo lweStrelitzia luhluke kakhulu kwincazelo yezinhlobo ezinkulu. Futhi le ndaba ayigcini ngosayizi onesizotha kuphela, kodwa futhi ngokubukeka kwesitshalo. Umbono wogwadule ovela empumalanga yeNingizimu Afrika uguqulwa kahle isikhathi eside somile futhi, ngokungafani namanye ama-distlitzias, ubekezelela ukwehla okuhle kwezinga lokushisa kube yiqhwa elincane.
Izimbali ze-Orange-violet zomhlanga wamahlanga zinikhumbuza kakhulu ukuqhakaza kwezinhlobonhlobo zasebukhosini. Kodwa-ke, ukubukeka kwamahlamvu ngeke kuvume ukudida lezi zitshalo. I-rosette eminyene yenziwa izinaliti ezinamaqabunga, izinaliti ezihlanganisiwe, ezingenawo amapuleti amaqabunga futhi zikhula zibe ubude bamamitha ayi-1.5-2.
Ngenxa yesidingo esikhulu phakathi kwabatshali bezimbali abavela kuwo wonke umhlaba, imvelo ye-strelitzia, encazelo yayo inikezwe ngaphezulu, isengozini yokuqothulwa. Ekusakazweni kwezimbali, izithombo zemvelo zisebenzisa ubuciko bezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, izindlela zokusanhlamvu nokususwa kokufakelwa kwembewu ukuthola imbewu.
I-White Strelitzia (Strelitzia alba)
Esifundeni saseCape, ungabona izitshalo zasendle zenye inhlobo edumile. Lezi zinkulu, ezineziqu ezinamabala ahlukanisiwe namaqabunga amade we-Strelitzia mhlophe noma i-Augustus. Kanye ngonyaka, kusuka esifubeni samaqabunga, kuvela izimbali ezincane ezimhlophe, ezifihliwe okwesikhathi ukuthi ziboshwe ngoshampeni obunsomi.
Izimbali ziqala ngoMeyi kuya maphakathi nehlobo, kanti amacembe aze afike ku-15-18 cm ubude awapheli, ukunikela impilo yokuvuthwa kwezithelo zebhokisi ekugcineni kobusika. Njengemhlanga we-strlitzia, isihlobo saso esikhudlwana naso sidinga ukuvikelwa ngabantu futhi sibhalwe kwiBhuku eliBomvu Lezitshalo zaseNingizimu Afrika.
