Isitshalo se-herbaceous gynostemma (Gynostemma) simele umndeni wethanga. Endle, lesi sitshalo singatholakala ezindaweni ezishisayo zaseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia kusuka eNew Guinea kuya eMalaysia naseHimalaya kuya eJapan. Cishe ziyi-15 izinhlobo zalesi sitshalo ezikhula eJapan, kanti eziyisi-9 zazo ziqhuma. Abalimi bahlakulela i-gynostemma enamahlamvu amahlanu (i-lat. Gynostemma pentaphillum), isitshalo esinjalo sinamanye amagama, isibonelo: itiye laseThai, utshani bokungafi, i-ginseng yaseningizimu kanye "ne-jiaogulan" noma "jiaogulan". Ekuqaleni, eYurophu, leli siko lalikhuliswa kuphela ekhaya, futhi kuphela emva kwesikhathi esithile ezingxenyeni eziseningizimu izitshalo engadini zaqala ukuhlotshiswa ngesitshalo esinjalo. Ngemuva kokubanjwa kwengqungquthela eBeijing ngonyaka we-1991, lapho izingxoxo zabanjwa khona ezitshalweni zokwelapha ezisetshenziswa kwenye ikhambi, ukuthandwa kwe-gynostemma kukhuphuka kaningana.
Izici ze-gynostemma enamaqabunga amahlanu
I-Gynostemma iyisitshalo sokukhuphuka sobuso. Le liana yaphakade ingaba nqunu noma i-pubescent. Amapuleti eqabunga aphikisanayo aphikisanayo anama-petioles nesimo sesundu, afaka phakathi kwamaqabunga angama-3 kuya kwayi-9 ama-lanceolate serared on the edge. I-panicle noma i-inflemec-shaped inflorescence iqukethe izimbali ezingameleli noma yiliphi inani lokuhlobisa. Izimbali zinomugqa omfishane wethhubhu ngombala oluhlaza okotshani noma omhlophe, ohlukaniswe ngokudlulele emabheleni ama-5 amafomu amancanyana. Qondisisa lapho insikazi, nokuthi isitshalo sowesilisa singenzeka kuphela ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza. Ama-inflorescence abesifazane, kanye nezimpawu zokubukeka ezimbali, amafushane kunaleso sithombe sowesilisa. I-liana enjalo iqhakaza phakathi nenkathi yehlobo, futhi ukuqhakaza kwayo kumisa kuphela emavikini okuqala ekwindla. Izithelo ziyibhesheli eliyindilinga yombala omnyama, ububanzi obufinyelela ku-0.6 cm, aqukethe kusuka ezinhlamvwini ezimbili kuya kwezintathu. Uma umvini onjalo ukhula esimweni esihle, khona-ke ubude besiqu sawo bungaba amamitha ayi-8.
Ukutshala kwamahlamvu e-gynostemma anamahlamvu amahlanu
Ukufika kwe-gynostemma enamaqabunga amahlanu
Ukukhulisa i-gynostemma enamaqabunga amahlanu, kunconywa ukukhetha indawo evulekile ekhanyayo (nayo ingaba nombala omncane). Inhlabathi kufanele ikhishwe kahle, ilula futhi inothile ngezakhi zomzimba. Uma isiza sakho sivele sine-gynostemma, khona-ke ngenxa yokwanda kwayo, ungasebenzisa indlela ephumelela futhi elula, okuyilezi: ukusika.
Ngaphambi kokutshala, imbewu icwilisa emanzini acwebezelayo amahora angama-24, bese ihlwanyelwa ezimbizeni. Imbewu kufanele ingcwatshwe endaweni engaphansi kuka-20 mm kuphela, ingxube yenhlabathi kufanele ibe nesihlabathi kanye ne-humus noma umquba. Amakhono adinga ukumbozwa ngefilimu ngaphezulu futhi asuswe endaweni efudumele (ukusuka kuma-20 kuye kwangama-22 degrees). Izithombo zokuqala kufanele zivele ngemuva kwamasonto angama-3-6. Ngemuva kokuthi lokhu kwenzeke, indawo yokukhosela kufanele isuswe, bese iziqukathi zidluliselwa endaweni ekhanyiselwe kahle (ukukhanya kufanele kusakazeke). Kulula kakhulu ukunakekela izithombo, kufanele kuniselwe ngesikhathi, kanye nokukhulula umbandela wenhlabathi ngendlela ehlelekile. Ngemuva kokuthi amagatsha eqale ukugatsha, uzodinga ukufaka ukusekelwa.
Izithombo zitshalwe enhlabathini evulekile ngoMeyi ngemuva kokuba inhlabathi ifudumele ifinyelela kuma-15-16 degrees. Kodwa-ke, ngaphambi kwalokhu, kufanele uqale ulungiselele isiza. Bawumbile, ngenkathi bethula emhlabathini kusuka kumakhilogremu amahlanu kuya kwayi-6 womquba noma umquba. Lapho ugaya inhlabathi esindayo, kubalulekile ukufaka isanti noma ukubhula kuyo. Ukutshala izithombo ezikhiqizwa indlela yokudlulisela. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ubukhulu befossa yokutshala kufanele banciphise kuphela ivolumu yohlelo lwezitshalo, oluthathwe ngenqwaba yomhlaba. Ngemuva kokuthi isihlahla sibekwe emgodini wokufika, kufanele simbozwe ngenhlabathi. Ingaphezulu elizungeze lesi sitshalo lincane. Imivini etshaliwe idinga ukuthambisa okuhle. Ngemuva kokuthi uketshezi selungene ngokuphelele enhlabathini, kufanele limbozwe ngesendlalelo se-mulch (umquba noma i-humus), ubukhulu bawo okufanele bube ukusuka ku-50 kuye ku-80 mm. Ngemuva kokutshala i-gynostemma, uzodinga ukuyifaka ngokushesha ukusekelwa kwayo, indima yayo ingadlalwa ngodonga lwesakhiwo noma uthango.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Gynostemma
Ukunisela kufanele kube njalo, kuvame futhi kube kuningi. Njengomthetho, wenziwa isikhathi esi-1 emavikini ayi-1-1,5, kuyilapho kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi inhlabathi ezungeze izitshalo kufanele ihlale imanzi kancane (ingabi manzi). Uma kuba nesomiso isikhathi eside, khona-ke njalo kusihlwa noma ekuseni amaqabunga emivini enjalo adinga ukushiswa umswakama, ngoba lokhu kusetshenziswa amanzi afudumele. Lapho izihlahla ziniselwa noma lina lina, ingaphezulu lomhlabathi elizungezile kumele likhishwe, kanye nabo bonke utshani bokhula.
Ngonyaka wokuqala wokukhula, i-gynostemma ayidingi ukondliwa, ngoba izoba naleso sakhi saleso izakhi ezethulwe enhlabathini lapho kulungiswa indawo yokutshala. Eminyakeni elandelayo, kunconywa ukondla umvini onjalo ngesisombululo seKemira, ngenkathi ngaphansi kwesihlahla esingu-1 udinga ukwenza amagremu angama-30 kuye kwangama-40 womuthi. Umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi uqukethe zonke izakhamzimba ezidingekayo ekukhuleni okuvamile nasekuthuthukisweni kwesilimo esinjalo. Esimweni lapho amahlamvu asetshenziselwa ukupheka izitsha ezahlukahlukene (amasaladi, amasobho, njll.) Phakathi nenkathi, khona-ke kuyadingeka kuphela ukondla izihlahla ngendlela yezimpande, kulokhu kunqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukufafaza amahlamvu ngesixazululo esinempilo.
I-Gynostemma inokumelana okuphansi kakhulu nesithwathwa. Amahlathi angamelana nokwehla kwezinga lokushisa kuphela aze afike ku-18 degrees, kodwa uma embozwe ungqimba lweqhwa, khona-ke ayobekezelela ubusika kahle ngokwanele. Lapho kukhula isitshalo esinjalo ezifundeni ezinobusika obungaqedwa iqhwa, ama-lianas azodinga indawo yokukhosela, ngoba lokhu aphonswa ngamagatsha aqhakazile noma ungqimba olubanzi lwamahlamvu ezindizayo. Lapho sikhula lesi sitshalo ezifundeni ezinobusika bangeqhwa, kunconywa ukuthi kususwe isihlahla ekwindla enhlabathini bese sikutshala ebhodweni. Isitshalo kuze kuqale isikhathi sentwasahlobo sigcinwa egumbini elikhanyiswe kahle, kuyilapho amadivaysi okushisa kufanele abe kude kakhulu kuso. Isihlahla kumele sinikezwe ukunakekelwa okufanayo nanoma yisiphi esinye isitshalo esinenkathi yokuwa.
Ungayqoqa kanjani futhi uyigcine gynostemma
Amahlamvu we-Gynostemma aqoqwe kuyo yonke inkathi yehlobo. Amacembe aqoqiwe kumele omiswe. Iziqu ezintsha, kanye namaqabunga, zilungele ukwenza isobho kanye namasaladi, futhi itiye eliwusizo kakhulu litholakala emaqabunga omisiwe.
Isiqu namahlamvu aqoqiwe kufanele abekwe egumbini elimnyama, elinomoya omnandi noma ngaphansi kotshani lomgwaqo ukuze lome. Ngemuva kokuthi izinto ezingavuthiwe zibe brittle, zingabhekwa njengezomile ngokuphelele. Izinto ezingavuthiwe ezisetshenziselwa ukugcinwa zihlanjululwa egumbini elomile, phambilini zazithululelwa emaphaketheni noma emabhokisini ephepha, kanjalo nasezingilazini noma emigqonyeni yobumba enesembozo esifanelekile. Amajikijolo avuthiwe we-gynostemma amnandi kakhulu futhi ayadliwa.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-gynostemma
Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-20 ezahlukahlukene ze-gynostemma, kepha inye kuphela etshalwa ngabalimi - i-gynostemma enamahlamvu amahlanu. Isiko elinjalo alivamisile ukukhula endaweni ephakathi; kulokhu, cishe akukho lutho olwaziwayo ngezinhlobonhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo zalesi sitshalo.
Izakhiwo ze-Gynostemma
Izici eziwusizo ze-gynostemma
I-gynostemma ayizange ifakwe kwi-Pharmacopoeia, ngakho-ke, okwamanje ayisetshenziswa kwezokwelapha zendabuko. Kodwa ngomuthi ongakahleleki, le nkambiso ithokozela ukuthandwa okuthile, ngoba kuyafana ngamapharamitha emvelo kuma-ginseng owaziwayo. Izinzuzo zesitshalo esinjalo zingahlulelwa yizindaba zabantu abangama-Aboriginal abathi itiye elenziwa ngamaqabunga e-gynostemma lizisiza ukuba zihlale ziphilile ngokuphelele futhi zisebenza iminyaka eyi-100. Ukuthi leli siko linezokwelapha, abantu baqala ukuqaphela eminyakeni engamakhulu amabili BC.
Ukunambitheka kweziqu ezincane namahlamvu kuyinto emnandi kancane. Isitshalo esinjalo sinamavithamini amaningi, kanye ne-calcium, i-zinc, i-phosphorus, i-selenium, i-magnesium, i-potassium nezinye izinto ezidingwa ngumzimba womuntu. Engxenyeni esemoyeni yesitshalo iqukethe ama-saponins angaphezu kwesishiyagalombili, kuyilapho e-ginseng aqukethe ama-28 kuphela. Ukusetshenziswa njalo kwalesi sitshalo kungathuthukisa kakhulu ukukhuthazela futhi kwandise ukusebenza. Kulokhu, imali elungiselelwe ngesisekelo se-gynostemma iyanconywa kulabo ababhekene nokuzivocavoca okukhulu komzimba.
Isitshalo esinjalo sihluke kwi-ginseng ngoba ayibangeli ukuthi kwenzeke lapho ivuswa, futhi uma isetshenziswa njalo, izoba nomphumela wokuqina. Le liana liyindawo enhle kashukela, enconyelwa abantu abanesifo sikashukela. Lesi sitshalo sisiza ukwehlisa i-cholesterol yegazi, sithuthukise inkumbulo, siqinise amasosha omzimba, sithuthukise isitho sokugaya ukudla kanye nohlelo lwezitho zofuzo kanye nokunciphisa ukuguga.
Ukwenza itiye lokupholisa, udinga ukuhlanganisa i-1 tbsp. amanzi asanda kubiliswa no-1.5 tsp. amaqabunga omisiwe we-gynostemma noma ama-2-3 tsp. amahlamvu amasha. Isiphuzo sizobe sesilungile ngemizuzu engu-5. Utshani obufanayo bungaqhutshwa izikhathi ezi-5 noma ezi-6 zilandelana. Ukwandisa amandla okusebenza, kunconyelwa ukuphuza u-3 tbsp. Ngosuku. isiphuzo esinje.
Contraindication
I-Gynostemma ingasetshenziswa yiwo wonke umuntu, ngoba ayinakho ukuphambana. Kepha abantu abanokubekezelela ngakunye akufanele basebenzise lo mvini. Isitshalo esinjalo kwezinye izimo sinomthelela ekwandeni kwengcindezi, ngakho-ke iziguli ezinomfutho wegazi kufanele ziqaphele lapho zisisebenzisa. Abantu abanenkinga yokulala akufanele bathathe i-gynostemma ngemuva kwamahora ayi-16 kuze kuse. Akukho lutho olwaziwayo ngokuthi lesi sitshalo sithinta kanjani impilo yabesifazane abakhulelwe nabancelisayo; ngakho-ke, akufanele basithathe.
