Kusukela ezikhumbuzweni zesikhathi eside, ama-chrysanthemums ayehlobisa izingadi zabaphakeme kakhulu, ngoba kuphela bathanda ukujabulisa amehlo ethu ngemibala yabo kuze kube sekwindla. Iphunga lawo elimnandi lidumile emhlabeni wonke, khonale emagumbini akude kakhulu, futhi amaningi akhunjulwa ngezindlela eziningi ezingalibaleki. Namuhla thina ake sixoxe ngezwe lakule mbali enhle kangaka.
Incazelo, imvelaphi nezwe lakubo chrysanthemums
Ukukhonjwa okokuqala kwe-chrysanthemum, njengokuthi imbali yokuhlobisa, ibekwe emsebenzini wesazi sefilosofi saseChina yasendulo, iConfucius Spring ne-Autumn (Ubuso).
Kwakungo-550-480 BC. Yilolu suku ososayensi abheka ngalo incazelo yokuqala yezimbali.
Eminye imibhalo yesandla yasendulo yaseShayina ilandisa ngomgcini wegadi ogama lakhe linguTak Lin-Vog, owayehlala cishe ngekhulu lesi-4 leminyaka B.C.E. Watshala izimbali engadini yakhe, yingakho edumile.
Ngaleso sikhathi, ukuhlukahluka okufakwayo okuncane okugeleza ngokushintshana kwama-chrysanthemums kwakhiwa, okwakukhona okuvamile ngezitshalo zasendle.
Abaphenyi bahlukanisa izinkathi eziningana zokuthandwa okukhulayo kwama-chrysanthemums.
Inkathi lapho le mbali yayaziwa kuphela eMpumalanga ibhekwa njengeyasendulo. Kakhulu eJapan naseChina, lapho lalithandwa khona kakhulu ngemindeni emihle.
Olusha lubonakala ngokusakazeka kwembali emhlabeni wonke, ikakhulukazi eYurophu, lapho ithole khona okufunwa kabanzi.
AmaChrysanthemums asetshenziswe kabanzi hhayi ngezinhloso zokuhlobisa kuphela, kepha futhi nokwenziwa kwemithi nokusetshenziswa ngokudla.
AmaChrysanthemums asetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa, izinjongo zokwelapha, ekudleniEkuqaleni kwekhulu lesi-4 AD, ukuthandwa kwezimbali kwafika eJapan. Kusukela ngo-787 AD, imbali itholakala kuma-oda wombuso, ezinhlamvu zemali, ngisho nakuluphi uphawu lukazwelonke.
Cishe ngomhla we-8 - ekuqaleni kwekhulu lesi-9 AD, umbukiso wokuqala wama-chrysanthemums wenzeka, okwenzeka kumake ukuqala kweholide likazwelonke eJapan - "uSuku lweChrysanthemum". Isiko lokugubha iholide lelo lisekhona nanamuhla.
Ama-Chrysanthemums nezimpawu zawo, ukunakekela nokukhiqiza:
Izindlela Zokukhula Kwezitshalo
Ngenxa yezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo, Kunezindlela eziningana zokutshala isitshalo: ukusika, imbewu noma izithombo.
Uma ukhethe imbali ekhulisa ngembewukhona-ke kufanele uyitshale ngoMeyi. Imbewu ingcwatshwe emgodini ngezicucu ezimbalwa, ibheka ibanga elingamasentimitha angama-20 phakathi kwawo.
Ngokuya ngemithetho engenhla, kungenzeka ukufezekisa izimbali ngo-Agasti. Ukufezekisa izimbali zangaphambilini, ochwepheshe batusa ukutshala ekuqaleni kukaMashi.
Kuyadingeka ukutshala imbewu ebhokisini elikhethekile ngokuvunyelwa, njengezithombo ezijwayelekile, ukubheka ukubusa kwezinga lokushisa nokufinyelela kumthombo wokukhanya ovulekile.
Ngemuva kokukhula okuncane, kungatshalwa kabusha kumhlabathi, kepha hhayi ngaphambi kokuphela kukaMeyi. Uma zonke izimo zihlangabezana kahle, khona-ke ukuqhakaza kwezimbali kuzovela ngoJuni.
I-Chrysanthemum yembewu:
Ukuze uthole ukusika ngemuva kokuqhakaza ekwindla, kuyadingeka ukulondolozela ama-chrysanthemums amahle kakhulu futhi amahle kakhulu, azosebenza njengezitshalo zesibeletho ukuze zisetshenziswe esikhathini esizayo.
Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, amahlumela avele afe, ngakho-ke kufanele asikwe cishe phansi komhlabathi. Kamuva, izitshalo zesibeletho zingasetshenziselwa ukusikwa.
Ngemuva kokusoka, bangafakwa egumbini elipholile lapho ligcinwa kangcono. Ukunakekelwa akufuni. Ukuchelela ngezikhathi ezithile, ukuze kungoma.
Iziqongo zezinzalo zivela ngasekupheleni kukaMashi, zisetshenziselwa ukutshala izitshalo ezintsha. Gwema ukusebenzisa izingcezwana kusuka kuziqu zakudala.
Izitsha noma amabhokisi asetshenziselwa ukusika. I-Peat noma i-humus ithululelwa kusuka ngezansi, ukusuka ngaphezulu kwesendlalelo esincane sesihlabathi, cishe amasentimitha ayi-2,5. Ukuze kube nokubangwa okungcono, ukusikwa kufanele kusikwe ngommese obukhali obuhlukile.
Ukufiswa kwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-dome yengilazi ekhethekile. Izitshalo ngokwazo zitshalelwe ngokujulile esihlabathini, emva kwalokho izithole zisitshalwe.
Abalimi abanolwazi babika lokho izinga lokushisa elikhulu ukusheshisa ukukhula cishe ngamadigri ayi-15. Ngemuva kwamaviki amathathu, ungatshala ezimbizeni.
Ukusika kwama-chrysanthemums:
Izinhlobo, izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo
Kusukela ngekhulu lesi-8 A.D. abalimi base China, futhi emva komhlaba wonke, bazama ukuzalanisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-chrysanthemums, abakwenza.
Njengamanje, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kweshumi nambili ezihlukilekuhluke kakhulu komunye nomunye.
Iqabunga elikhulu
Lokhu okuhlukahlukene ikhula ngesimo sesihlahla esiyindilingaububanzi bawo bufinyelela kumitha. Kukhiwa imbali eyodwa esiqwini.
Ama-corollas wezipals ikakhulukazi ayicaba. Isikhathi sezimbali siphela ngoDisemba, futhi siqala ngoSepthemba.
Izinhlobo ezinkulu zamaqabungaOkungenasisekelo
Ukuhlukahluka okufanayo kufaniswa nomjikelezo wokuqhakaza izimbali eside, kepha kuya ngemithetho ethile: umhlabathi kumele ube acidic kancane, ukhulule futhi ugcwale izakhamzimba.
Ababhali
Izitshalo zonyaka zitshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile. Le mfanelo idinga umzamo omncane ukukhulisa imbali.
Etshalwe ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezingadini. Zithandwa kakhulu ngabalimi.
Izinhlobo zonyakaSpherical
Ama-chrysanthemums angama-spherical ajabulela idumela elihle kakhulu futhi athandwa kakhulu. Inani lezinhlobonhlobo lifinyelela ngokulandelana kwez nzalo eziyizinkulungwane eziningana. Izimbali zenzeka ngaphambi kwesithwathwa, kuqala ngo-Agasti.
IsiKorea
Zi-hybrid zezinye izinhlobo eziningana zezilwane. Umehluko omkhulu ulele esikhathini sezimbali, usayizi wama-inflorescence nokuphakama kwesihlahla.
Izinhlobo zaseKorea zikhule kahle ngisho nasezifundeni eziphakathi zezwe. Ama-inflorescences makhulu, angafinyelela uphawu lwamasentimitha ayi-10 noma ngaphezulu.
Izinhlobo zaseKoreaInhloko eyodwa
Izinhlobo ezinekhanda elilodwa zivame ukuyingxenye yokusikwa kweqembu. Kusetshenziswa kahle ngabalimi abaningi abanolwazi., ngokubheka imisindo yayo ekhanyayo, ongakha ngayo amabala obuhle obungajwayelekile maphakathi nengadi.
Ama-Chrysanthemums yizimbali ezahlukahlukene kakhulu ezingathembisa noma yimuphi umhlaba ngemibala yazo egqamile.
Ezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo azilandeli izimo zezulu ezahlukahlukene., eyenza inqubo ekhulayo ibe lula. Futhi, kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi ezingalingana cishe nanoma iyiphi ingadi.
