Ubunzima obukhulu ekukhuliseni izithombo ukukhethwa kwenhlabathi efanele. Ukuze kuvela amahlumela anobungane engxenyeni yobumba, isilinganiso esifanele sezakhamzimba, umswakama ne-oxygen siyadingeka. Isigatshana sikakhukhunathi sizonikeza usizo olukhulu kulokhu. Ngokusho kwabalimi, iyi-filter enhle kakhulu yenhlabathi, enikeza izitshalo ngezimo ezifanele zokukhula nentuthuko.
Isakhi sangaphansi kakhukhunathi senziwe
Sekuvele igama lomkhiqizo kucace bha ukuthi isundu likakhukhunathi lusetshenziselwa ukwenziwa. Lesi ngesinye sezitshalo ezingandile lapho zonke izingxenye zalo zithole khona ukusebenza - isiqu, amaqabunga, izithelo. Sekuyisikhathi eside kuqashelwa ukuthi imicu yesundu inezinto ezihlukile - ilula, iqinile futhi imelana ngokuphelele nokubola.
Izintambo, izintambo, imakethi, izihlungi zomatilasi zenziwa ngemicu. Okwesikhashana manje, imicu nokugunda kwaqala ukusetshenziswa njengesiqalo sokukhula kwezimbali nezithombo zasendlini. Kunezinhlobo ezi-3 zokuhlunga kwama-coconut sub subates:
- i-fiber - imicu emide eqinile ene-hygroscopicity enhle;
- i-peat ingxenyana encane kunazo zonke, ebonakala ngomthamo obalulekile womswakama;
- ama-chips - izinhlayiya zegobolondo langaphandle lamakhukhunathi akhulisa ukuphefumula kwengxenye engezansi.
Ukuze kwenziwe umkhiqizo wesigaxa sikakhukhunathi wezithombo, yonke imikhiqizo emi-3 ikhethiwe ngezilinganiso ezifanele kakhulu ukukhula izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezilimo zasengadini.
Izinhlobo zokukhishwa kwe-substrate
Ukuze kube lula kakhulu, lokhu okuqukethwe kutholakala ngezindlela eziningi:
- Amacwecwe nama-discs - izinto ezicindezelwe ngesimo se-washer, ezinomthamo we-5, 10 no-20 cubic Bona. Idiski enkulu kunazo zonke efomu eyomile inesisindo esingu-650 g, kanti esimweni esimanzi inyuka ngosayizi ifike kumalitha ayi-8. Isisekelo samacwecwe ayimicu emifushane.
- Imakethi asesimweni sikakhonkolo. Isisindo sazo sisukela ku-1,6 kg kuya ku-5 kg, kanti ivolumu lisesimweni esimanzi - kusuka kumalitha ayi-14 kuye kwangama-50. Ngomkhiqizo wazo, kusetshenziswa imicu emide, ama-chip kanye ne-peat.
- I-coconut substrate kuma-briquette akhiqizwa ngendlela ebanzi - amancane kakhulu enzelwe ukutshala izimbali eyodwa noma ezimbili zasendlini, kanti ezinkulu kunazo zonke zithengwa yizinkampani ezikhiqiza izithombo ezithengiswa ngobuningi. Ama-briquette aqukethe imicu ngokufakwa kwe-peat nama-chip amancane.
Ngokukhethwa okubanzi okunjalo, akunzima ukukhetha i-substrate kakhukhunathi efanelekile izidingo zakho.
Izakhiwo ezisetshenziswayo zekhukhunathi
Lokhu okuqukethwe kusetshenziswa kabanzi ngenxa yezakhiwo zawo ezihlukile:
- ekwakhiweni kwayo, i-substrate iyinhlangano yezinto eziphilayo, ezigcina ukubola ngokuphelele, zithakwe izitshalo ngaphandle kwezinsalela;
- irekhodi likhulisa ukuphefumula kwenhlabathi, elibaluleke kakhulu kwizithombo;
- isikhunta asikhuli phezu kwethebhulethi futhi nokhula alukhuli;
- umugqa ongaphansi ubamba wonke umswakama owedlulele, unikeza izitshalo kuphela lokho ezikudingayo;
- okuqukethwe kunokusabela okungathathi hlangothi, okulungele izitshalo eziningi;
- imicu ibola kancane, evumela ukuthi isetshenziswe iminyaka eminingana;
- ukwakheka kuhlangana ngokuphelele namazinga wemvelo aqinile kunawo wonke;
- umugqa ongaphansi uboshwe futhi ngamanyolo afanele izithombo;
- okuqukethwe akunamizwa futhi akunangqondo ngokuphelele.
Izici ezisohlwini zenza kube lula ukusebenzisa i-substrate kabanzi njenge-filler kusiko le-hydroponic.
Ukulungiselela ukusetshenziswa
Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa isigaxa sikakhukhunathi sezithombo, kufanele silungiselelwe kahle. Cabanga ngesibonelo se-briquette kakhukhunathi enesisindo esingu-1 kg:
- khipha i-briquette kusuka ekuhlanganisweni;
- faka ibhakede lamalitha ayi-10;
- uthele u-2 l wamanzi bese ushiya ukuvuvukala, ukudonsa nokukhulula akudingeki;
- ngemuva kwemizuzu embalwa engeza amanye amalitha ama-3 amanzi, vala ngesembozo noma ngo-foil bese ushiya ukuvuvukala okwengeziwe.
Ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa, ingxube izoba isilungele ngokuphelele ukusetshenziswa.
Amacwecwe namadiski afakwe emanzini ayi-40 ml wamazinga okushisa egumbi futhi asetshenziselwa ukuhluma kwembewu.
Ungazikhulisa kanjani izithombo kwingxube kakhukhunathi
I-substrate esefomini yayo emsulwa imvamisa isetshenziselwa kuphela ukuhluma kwezimbewu. Phezu kwamatafula alungiselelwe, imbewu ibekwa ezindaweni zokudlela ezikhethekile, embozwe ifilimu bese ilinda izithombo ukuba zivele, zisusa njalo indawo yokukhosela ukuze kungene umoya. Lapho umugqa ongaphansi womile, kuba lula kakhulu. Kulokhu, umunyiswa ngokufaka amanzi amancane epanini.
Ngemuva kokuba isithombo sesikhulile futhi singene kulo lonke leli thebulethi ngezimpande zalo, sidluliselwa esitsheni esikhudlwana. Ekuthuthukisweni okuphelele kwezithombo engxenyeni yesigaxa sikakhukhunathi, ama-briquette asebenzisa ubusi obujwayelekile, iqabunga noma umhlaba wesod, kanye nomlotha, umquba noma umquba obolile.
I-substrate emsulwa iqukethe izakhi ezimbalwa kakhulu, ngakho-ke isetshenziswa njengenye yezingxenye zengxube yenhlabathi.
Izinketho zokusebenzisa i-substrate
Ingxube kakhukhunathi ayisetshenziswa kuphela ezitshalweni ezikhulayo. Kubaluleke kakhulu cishe kuzo zonke izindawo zokukhiqizwa kwezitshalo, futhi indlela exotic kunazo zonke izithole ekusebenziseni isigaxa sikakhukhunathi sokunakekelwa kweminenke emikhulu - iyeins. Kuyo, lezi zibungu ezikhululekile zizizwa zingcono kakhulu. Ezinye izindlela zingokwendabuko kakhudlwana:
- kukhula izitshalo zasendlini, ikakhulukazi ezidinga ukukhanya kwenhlabathi enomoya;
- ukhula lwenhlabathi lwe-cutways yamagilebhisi, ama-roses, ama-dahlias, ama-currants;
- ukusetshenziswa ku-hydroponics - isakhi esingaphansi komhlaba asiguquli i-acid solution, asisikisi futhi sinamandla amahle;
- mulching of yisiphi izitshalo engadini. Lesi silinganiso sikuvumela ukuthi ukhohlwe ngokhula nokunisela ngokweqile futhi ufudumise izimpande ebusika;
- ukukhuphuka okuthe xaxa nokuphefumula kwenhlabathi. Lesi sinyathelo siyadingeka ekuvuseleleni kabusha inhlabathi enobumba olunzima.
I-substrate yamakhukhunathi ilungile njengedoti lezilwane ezifuywayo, izakhamuzi ze-terrariums kanye nokuhlobisa ama-aquariums owomile, kepha inhloso yawo eyinhloko ukukhulisa izithombo eziqinile ngohlelo lwempande olwakhiwe kahle.
