I-alissum ekhulayo: ukutshala nini futhi kanjani kusuka ezinhlanyelweni

I-Alyssum isitshalo esimila okwe-herbaceous sesilimo sekhava yezitshalo. Kungaba minyaka yonke noma kube okwedlule. I-Alyssum (lobularia noma i-alyssum) ihlukaniswa inani elikhulu lezimbali ezincane zemithunzi ehlukene (konke lapha kuncike ezinhlobonhlobo).

Lesi sitshalo sithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi, futhi zivame ukuhlobisa imibhede yazo yezimbali ngama-alissums, ngoba anezimbali eziqhakazayo futhi akhipha iphunga elimnandi loju. Futhi ama-alissums aqhakaza isikhathi eside ngokwanele futhi awakhethi ngokukhethekile ngokunakekelwa. Ku-athikili uzobona nezithombe zamasampula ale mibala.

Izici ze-Alissum

Ukuphakama kwezitshalo kuphela kusuka kumasentimitha angama-20 kuye kwangama-30. Izimbali ezincane zingaba nezithunzi ezinjalo:

• reds;
• onsomi
• mhlophe
• opinki;
• ophuzi.

Ama-Alissums atshalwa ekhaya emakotini ehlobo nasezindlini ezizimele, futhi kulinywa imibhede yezimbali yasemadolobheni. Izinhlobo eziningi zesitshalo ezinamabhulogi afanele wokunakekelwa kusuka ngoJuni kuya ku-Okthoba. Ama-Alyssums ayakwazi ukubekezelela ukubanda okuncane, ikakhulukazi, amafrimu afinyelela kuze kufike ku-10 degrees ngaphansi kwe-zero. Futhi ezinye izinhlobo zalesi sitshalo zingabekezelela bonke ubusika ngaphandle kokuphonsa amahlamvu azo.

Esithombeni ungabona ukuthi zinhlobonhlobo kangakanani izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zale mbali.

Imithetho yokutshala nokukhulisa i-alissum

Ngokutshala nokutshala okwalandela kwe-alissum, udinga ukukhetha izindawo ezinokhanyo kahle. Kwi-penumbra, nayo iyaqhakaza, kodwa enye yemicamelo yemibala izokhululeka. Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi lesi sitshalo sibekezelela kahle amaqhwa, sibuye sijwayele ukuvumelana nomoya owomile. Kodwa-ke, indawo ebanjwayo kumele ingene umoya.

Ukutshala inhlabathi kufanele ube nalezi zakhiwo ezilandelayo:

• khululeka;
• inzalo;
• zivundiswe ngokulingana;
• kukhishwe kahle;
• ukungathathi hlangothi.

Uma uhlela ukukhulisa i-Pyrenean alissum, khona-ke, phakathi kokunye, umhlabathi wokutshala kumele uqukethe inani elikhulu le-calcium ukuze ama-alissum aqhakaze kahle.

Izindawo nezingoma

Tshala i-alissum hhayi kuphela ezindaweni nasezimbali zemibhede. Zingatshalwa nasezindaweni zezimbali ekhaya, zibukeka kakhulu uma uzitshala ezindongeni ezigciniwe, ezingadini zamatshe, esikhaleni esiphakathi kwamapuleti noma amatshe.

I-Alyssum ibukeka kahle kakhulu ekubumbeni neminye imibala. Ukwehluka okuhle okumangalisayo kudalwa ngokuhlanganiswe nezitshalo ezinombala onsomi, onsomi noma opinki. Esithombeni ungathola izibonelo ezinjengale futhi uhlole ukuthi ungathanda ukuhlobisa kanjani isiza sakho.

Futhi ngezansi uhlu lwemibala lunikeziweokungcono ukutshala i-alissum:

• i-tulip ebomvu;
• intshebe emnyama iris;
• i-rose;
• i-pelargonium;
• Umkhosi waseTurkey;
• i-heliotrope;
• ihlathi lingikhohlwe-cha;
• i-phlox;
• i-rezukha;
• obrietta.

Izici ze-alissum ezikhulayo

Ngokwemvelo, umbuzo wokuqala lapho kukhula i-alissum ukuthi ungayitshala nini. Emhlabathini ukufika emhlabeni kusuka ngo-Ephreli kuya kuJuni. Isikhathi sokwehlukanisa sincike kwindlela ekhethiwe. Isibonelo, i-alissum itshalwe ezitshalweni ngo-Ephreli, kodwa engadini yezimbali isivele isondele ehlobo.

Izindlela zokusakazwa kwezimbali ezithandwa kakhulu yilezi:

• ukusetshenziswa kwembewu;
• ukwahlukaniswa kwezihlahla;
• ukusika.

Ngokuvamile, abalimi batshala imbewu ye-alissum. Sizokhuluma ngale ndlela yokufika ngokuningiliziwe. Esithombeni ungabona ezinye izikhathi zokufika.

Inhlabathi yokukhulisa i-alissum idinga ukukhanya nokudla okunempilo ngomthamo omncane. Futhi le mbali iyakuthanda ukukhanya.

I-Alyssum: Ukutshala imbewu

Imbewu yale imbali incane kakhulu. Lapho ukutshala, azikwazi ukungcwatshwa phansi emhlabathini. Kufanele zihlale zicocekile futhi zinehaba, cishe i-10-15 cm ngokwahlukana, beka phezu kwenhlabathi ebilungiselelwe ngaphambilini. Ukuze unamathele kangcono, ungayifafaza ngoketshezi ngokufakwa kwe-potanganum permanganate, okukuvimbela okuhle kwezifo ezithile.

Ngemuva kwalokho imbewu icindezelwa ngesandla kuze kube ngu-2 cm ukujula. Ukufafaza ngaphezulu akudingekile, ngoba ukutshala i-alissum kufanele kwenzeke ngokukhanya kwemvelo. Uma utshala imbewu yezinhlanyelo ngenyanga ka-Ephreli, kodwa isitsha esinayo kudingeka simbozwe ngengilazi noma ngefilimu. Noma okunye, okusobala kuphela.

Uma isitshalo ngemuva kokutshala sizoba nokukhanya okwanele nomswakama, khona-ke ngesonto kuzovela amahlumela okuqala, okuyo dinga ukuthambisa ngokulingana. Ngomcibisholo obukhulu bezithombo, kufanele unciphiswe, lokhu kuyingxenye yokunakekelwa. Ngaphandle kwalokho, imbali ingagula futhi ukuqhakaza kube mpofu. Phakathi kwamakati, kufanele kubhekwe ibanga elingama-20 cm.

Yini okufanele uyenze ngemuva kokutshala imbewu yezithombo ekhaya?

Uma sikhuluma ngokutshala imbewu yezithombo, khona-ke izithombo nazo ziyavela ngemuva kwesonto, uma nje izinga lokushisa lomoya lingama-degree angama-20. Uma izithombo zezimbali zibuthaka kakhulu, lapho-ke udinga ukunisela ipani, ukuze ungaziphuli ngomfutho wamanzi bese kudala izifo.

Izithombo zokusanhlamvu zenziwa nini Kuvela amaqabunga ayi-4. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, lapho amahlumela ehleli ezitsheni ezihlukile, ungacabanga ngomanyolo.

Ukunakekela i-alissum ngasikhathi sinye kubandakanya ukuqina okuqinile, ngoba lesi sitshalo sikhishwa nsuku zonke imizuzu embalwa.

I-Alissum itshalwa ibe yindawo evulekile ekupheleni kukaMeyi, futhi izimbali ziqala cishe inyanga. Sekukonke, ukusuka ekutshaleni imbewu kuye kwezimbali, kuncike ekunakekelweni okufanele, kudlula izinyanga ezimbili. Ungakhohlwa ukukhulula umhlabathi, ukhula bese unisela izimbali.

Ukuze izimbali ze-alissum ziqhakaze kahle futhi zinamahloni kusuka ehlobo kuya kwisithwathwa, kufanele ulandele imithetho yokunakekelwa. Enye yazo inhlabathi enempilo, okungafanele kugcotshwe ngezinto eziphilayo, ukuze kungakhuli isisindo esiluhlaza ngokulimala kwezimbali.

Inhlabathi eyomileyo izoba ntofontofo ngokwedlula imbali kunokugcwala umswakama noma izindawo lapho amanzi asemhlabathini abekwa phezulu kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukhula i-alissum kusuka imbewu enhlabathini evulekile, udinga ukukhetha isiza esifanele kuyo.

Izici zokutshala izimbali zasebusika

Kwezinye izimo, ukutshala i-alissum kwenziwa ngokushesha emva kokuqoqwa kwembewu ngasekupheleni kwehlobo - ekwindla yokuqala. Uma imbali isinda ebusika, khona-ke amahlumela angavela ekuseni kakhulu futhi ukuqhakaza kuzoqala kakhulu kunokwejwayelekile.

Kepha kuleli cala, kunengozi enkulu yokuthi izinto zokutshala ziyobanda ngenxa yokutshala okungashisi, futhi akukho ukunakekelwa okuzosiza. Ngakho-ke, uma uhlela lokhu, cabanga ngalezi zinto:

• ubude bobusika endaweni yakho;
• izinga lokushisa eliphakathi nesikhathi sokubanda.

Ukunakekelwa Kwezimbali Nezingozi Ezingaba Zikhona

Ngemuva Kwezimbali ze-Alissum Akunzima kangako ukunakekelakepha udinga ukukhumbula okulandelayo:

• nisela isitshalo, ikakhulukazi lapho kuqala ukuqhakaza. Uma ukuna kwezulu ngezikhathi ezithile kwenzeka, khona-ke lokhu kunyiswa kuzokwanela, kepha ngesikhathi sesomiso kubalulekile kakhulu ukuthi ungavumeli isitshalo some. Ngasikhathi sinye, ungavumeli ukugcotshwa kwamanzi nomhlabathi omanzi;
• khulula umhlabathi, ukhula, umanzi. Isitshalo sidinga ukukhanya nokufudumala;
• Umanyolo we-alissum ukhethwa ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo zawo. Uma imbali ingeye minyaka yonke, ivundiswa kuze kube izikhathi ezine ngesizini, futhi uma kungapheli, khona-ke kabili ngonyaka entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa ekuseni ezimpandeni. Ama-fertilizer kudingeka akhethe i-tata noma i-nitrogen;
• ukugcina ukubukeka okukhangayo futhi uqinisekise ukuhamba kwezimbali njalo, udinga ukufushanisa i-alissum ngezikhathi ezithile;
• Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi izinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo zingaqhakaza amasizini ambalwa zilandelana futhi zibekezelele ukubanda kahle, kunconyelwa ukuthi kuphinde kubuye izihlahla njalo eminyakeni emi-3, njengoba asebekhulile beqhakaza kakhulu bese belahlekelwa ukukhanga kwabo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izithombo ezisencane zilwa nesifo.

Ngokufaka amanzi, lesi sitshalo kungenzeka thola izifo zokukhunta. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kuyadingeka ukususa izimbali ezithelelekile, kanti ezisele kufanele ziphathwe ngokusetshenziswa kwesikhunta. I-Alissum nayo itholakala emiphumeleni yamakhefu abethelwe esiphambanweni; ama-insecticides asetshenziswa ukulwa nayo.

Uhlelo lwezimpande lwembali lungabola uma inhlabathi isinda kakhulu futhi kungekho manzi, gcina lokhu engqondweni lapho unakekela i-alissum yakho.

Kungenzeka yini ukwelula isikhathi sokuqhakaza?

Ngokwemvelo, isikhathi sokuqhakaza kwesitshalo kuncike ekunakekelweni okufanele kwaso. Izinto eziningi ezifihliwe ngalokhu zazishiwo ngenhla - le yindawo efudumele, nenomhlabathi onempilo onempilo. Gwema futhi ukuqina okungapheli futhi ungakhohlwa ukunisela imbali esimweni sezulu esomile.

Ukuze isihlahla ngemuva kokuqhakaza kokugcina kubuye kube nomhlobiso waso wokuhlobisa, siklinywa ukuze sikhule kangcono.

Uma ubheka isithombe se-alissum, bese unaka ukubukeka kwayo kwangempela. Futhi, ngosizo lwayo ungadala ukuhlelwa kwezimbali zokuqala, ngaphezu kwalokho, imbali inephunga elimnandi kakhulu. Futhi iqiniso lokuthi i-alissum ayifuneki ikakhulukazi ngokwemibandela yokunakekelwa yenza kube yintandokazi kuzo zonke izingadi zezimbali.