Kukhula inkukhu isencane, umfuyi wezinkukhu angalahlekelwa yingxenye yemfuyo ngenxa yesifo senkukhu. Izimpawu zokuqala zokulimala kwabantu abangashadile kufanele ziqwashise. Ubuncane beminyaka yenkukhu, ulindelwe yizingozi eziningi.
Ukuvimbela izifo zezinkukhu esikhathini sokuqala sempilo
Okubaluleke kakhulu ukukhethwa kwamaqanda okuzalanisa kuphela izinkukhu ezinempilo. Ngenkathi kuhoxiswa amaphuphu, inqubo yokuqina yokuthuthukiswa kombungu kufanele ilandelwe. Izinkukhu zokuqala ezivela ku-brood ziyasebenza kakhulu, zikhula ngokushesha. Ama-tickers abekwe eceleni kusuka ku-incubator kufanele athole:
- Igumbi elivuthayo elihlanzekile;
- amanzi athile kwisiphuzo esikhethekile;
- ukudla okuhle okuomile ngendlela yokusika kommbila noma amabele.
Izinga lokushisa lenziwa ukuze izingane zingakhwele phezu komunye nomunye. Akufanele zintshontshwe. Uma ukufudumeza kwenziwa ngesibani se-incandescent, izinga lokushisa elingaphansi kwaso kufanele libe ngama-degree angama-37- 39, njengokuthi ngophondo.
Inkukhu, ebanjiwe eqandeni, ibona kakade, iyizwa futhi isilungele ukulandela isikhukhukazi. Imazi ihlala esihlalweni sobuso ngemuva kokuzalwa kwamazibulo amanye amahora angama-36, emva kwalokho ishiye isidleke iholele izingane ngaphandle. Imvelo ihlakaniphile, amaphuphu asele azoba buthaka futhi angahle aphile. Ku-incubator, inqubo ithatha izinsuku ezintathu.
Lapho uhlola umndeni wokudla, udinga ukunaka umsebenzi we-brood, ulwelwesi lwama-mucous kanye nesimo se-fluff noma izimpaphe. Izilwane ezibuthakathaka nezingasebenzi zingcono kakhulu zishiywe ebhokisini elihlukile kuze kucaciswe. Izifo ezithathelwanayo uma kungekho mzimba zingasigunda ngokushesha sonke isibalo.
Isonto lokuqala lokunakekela izilwane ezifuywayo zisebenza kuze kube yilapho kuqala izimpaphe ziqala ukudabula. Ngalesi sikhathi, izifo zenkukhu zivela kaningi. I-malaise ingabangelwa:
- imibandela yokuboshwa;
- ukwakhiwa okungalinganiselwe kokuphakelayo;
- ubuthi ngokudla okungelona ikhwalithi noma ukuntuleka kwamavithamini;
- ukutheleleka ngegciwane kanye namagciwane.
Ukuthola izilwane ezisencane ezinempilo phakathi nenyanga yokuqala yempilo, kumele kubhekwe ngokuqina kwezinkukhu nokuhlanzeka kwezinkukhu. Ukuqinisa ukungavikeleki kwesibambiso, amavithamini ezinkukhu ezinsukwini zokuqala ayadingeka ngesimo sotshani obuluhlaza obilukiwe. Izithako zokwenziwa kwemithi zingasetshenziswa ukuqala ngesonto lesibili. Kusukela ngosuku lokuqala, kufanele kube khona amatshe amatshe amhlophe noma anesihlabathi esihlanganayo ukuze izindonga zesisu zisebenze.
Indima yezithasiselo zamavithamini
Uma izinkukhu zishoda ngamavithamini ekudleni kwazo kwansuku zonke, lokhu kuyabonakala kusukela ngosuku lwesihlanu lokuphila. Imikhaza idinga amavithamini A, B, D, K. Ukuntuleka ngakunye kubonakaliswa yizimpawu:
- A - i-conjunctivitis, imilenze ebuthakathaka;
- B - ukugoba, ikhanda lokuphonsa, ukuthuthukiswa kwama-lags;
- D - ama-rickets, akhula kabi, amathambo athambile, adla kahle;
- K - inkukhu yenqaba ukudla, isikhumba somile, akukho-thermoregulation ngezinsuku ezishisayo, insangu.
Njengomenzeli owelapha kanye ne-prophylactic wokuntuleka kwe-Vitamin ne-polyavitaminosis, iTrivit inqunyelwe izinkukhu. I-Vitamin esekwe uwoyela ayisebenzi emanzini futhi ingezwa kokuphakelayo ngokuya ngemiyalo. Musa ukweqa umthamo. Umuthi usetshenziswa njengomuthi lapho kunezimpawu zalesi sifo kubantu abaningana abasesifeni. Izimpawu ze-polyavitaminosis zizoba yisifo sohudo, ukugcwala, ukubulawa kwesisindo kanye nokuncipha kwesisindo inkukhu.
Kuyinto ejwayelekile uma kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila amachwane athola wonke amavithamini ngendlela yawo yemvelo. Kwanele kuzoba ngama-30 g wama-vithamini ehlukene ekhanda ngosuku.
Ukwakheka kwenkukhu ye-multivitaminacidos engangeni manzi kuyanezelwa abaphuzayo. Lesi isengezo sokudla esinconyelwe zonke izilwane zasepulazini kanye nezinkukhu, kepha kumithamo ehlukile. Ibanga eligcwele lezinto ezisebenzayo liyasebenza futhi liyasebenza:
- Uhlobo lwamanzi lwamavithamini lungeneka ngokushesha futhi lungene emzimbeni;
- Ukwakheka okulinganiselayo;
- Akudingi ukusetshenziswa okwengeziwe kwezinye izinhlobo zemithamo yamavithamini, ikakhulukazi i-D;
- kufaka isandla ekufakweni kokudla okuphakelayo nokuzuza kwesisindo.
Ukulungiswa kwe-metronidazole yi-ejenti ye-prophylactic evimbela ukuvuvukala kwe-mucosa yesibeletho se-gastrointestinal. Kusetshenziswa amaphilisi noma i-powder encibilikiswa amanzi. Lo muthi awunemiphumela emibi.
Yiziphi izimpawu zesifo senkukhu nokwelashwa
Ekuqaliseni kokuqala, kunzima kulowo ongeyena uchwepheshe ukwahlukanisa phakathi kwezifo zomzimba ezihambisana namaphutha ekunakekelweni nasekwatheni izifo. Isibonakaliso sokuqala sesifo esithathelwanayo kungaba ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa entshaneni.
Isikhukhukazi senzelwe ukubopha izinyanga ezimbili. Ube eseqala ukushesha. Amachwane wenyanga abhekwa njengezivumelaniswe nempilo ezimele.
Izifo ezingathatheli kalula zenkukhu zibandakanya ukunakekelwa kwabahlengikazi:
- Ukushisa ngokweqile noma ukupholisa kwendawo yokuboshwa kuyingozi ezinkukhu ezifika enyangeni, ngoba azinayo i-thermoregulation. Amachwane anjalo ahamba kancane, aqoqana emiphiramidi, akhombisa izimpawu ze-SARS. Kuyadingeka ukulungisa imodi yokushisa futhi unikeze isiphuzo esifudumele. Uma ukugcoba ngokweqile kuvunyelwe, beka amachwane ethunzini bese ugcwalisa ophuzayo, bavame ukweqile uma kungekho manzi.
- I-Atrophy ye-musical ventricle isongela izinkukhu ezidla umfaniswano wokudla kafulawa kanye nokungabikho kwezimbiwa ezingezona ngesimo samatshe amancane. Izinkukhu zidla futhi ziphuze ngaso sonke isikhathi, kepha zehlise isisindo. Ku-udoti kuza okuphakelayo okungaphazamisiwe. Kuyadingeka ukwethula i-crusher namaminerali ekudleni. Yenza ukudla kwehluka.
- I-Indigestion izenza izizwe ineminyaka eyodwa yenyanga. Isizathu singaba ukondla okungekuhle okusezingeni eliphansi, amanzi okuphuza angcolile kanye nokukhucululwa kwendle endlini. Ukuqhuma, isicanucanu, isifo sohudo, nokugayeka, kuzoba yisizathu sokuthi izinkukhu zife. Ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic, buyisela ukudla, kufaka i-cottage shizi neyogathi ekudleni. Phuza ngokufakwa kwe-potassium permanganate noma i-baking soda.
- Izinkukhu zingaluma amakhemikhali agcinwe endaweni efinyeleleka, ubuthi ngamagundane noma bathole usawoti ngokweqile. Ungayinisela inyoni nge potassium permanganate, ubisi, kepha kaningi iphuphu liyafa.
- I-cannalalism enkukhu yenzeka ngezizathu eziningi. Igumbi elinyinyekile noma ukukhanya okukhanyayo kakhulu kungadala ulaka. Enye yezizathu zokudla okungalungile. Uma kunamaphisi emzimbeni wengane, isilonda kumele sikhishwe magciwane futhi senziwe singabonakali. Njengendlela yokugcina, inkukhu idinga ukucishwa. Kungani izinkukhu ziqala ukugoqa omunye komunye, zihlele ngokwamandla. Ukudla kwamathambo, imvubelo, imifino kufakwa ekudleni. I-Aminazine isidakamizwa eselaphayo. Ochwepheshe beluleka ubuhlalu be-dikovanie, esemncane inqubo ayinabuhlungu.
- Okunye ukubonakaliswa kungahle kudalwe ukungondleki. Kungani izinkukhu ziwa ezinyaweni zazo? Le nkinga ihambisana nokuntuleka kwe-calcium ekudleni. Kodwa-ke, ama-rickets angaba nezimpawu ezifanayo. Futhi lokhu sekuvele ngenxa yokuntuleka kwevithamini D nokuqukethwe kwezinkukhu egumbini eliminyene. Ukugwema lesi sifo, kwanele kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala ukondla izilwane ezifuywayo nge-feed ekhethekile esetshenzisiwe enobubanzi obugcwele bezithako ezilinganiselayo.
Izifo ezithathelwanayo ezithathelwanayo zifaka sonke isifo sohudo. Ukuthi ulapha kanjani uhudo ezinkukhuni kuya ngombala wokukhipha. Isifo sohudo siholela ukomisa, senze umzimba ube buthaka. Isifo sohudo esimhlophe siyingozi, sibonisa ukuba khona kwe-salmonella izinti egumbini. Ukugcwala ngokweqile kanye nokuhlanzeka okungekuhle kufaka isandla ekusakazeni lesi sifo. Isifo sohudo se-brown foamy sibangelwa ukutheleleka okubizwa nge- coccidiosis. Ngemuva kokwelashwa, amaphuphu agulayo kufanele achithwe, indlu kufanele ihlaselwe magciwane. Uhudo oluhlaza lungatheleleka noma ngenxa yokudla okungalungile. Isifo sohudo esinegazi selashwa ngemishanguzo ye-Avatev neBaitril.
Nganoma isiphi isifo sohudo, iphuphu eligulayo kufanele lihlukaniswe yodwa, bese liqhubeka nokwelashwa, indawo yokulungiswa okujwayelekile kufanele ihlanzwe futhi ibulawe amagciwane.
Izifo ezithathelwanayo zihambisana nomkhuhlane ophakeme. Uma inkukhu ihlukaniswe yiphakethe futhi ime inganyakazi, nge-cracker, kufanele uyihlole. Isifo esijwayelekile i-typhoid, esithinta iphuphu elisuka ezinyangeni ezimbili ubudala. Ibulala kuze kube ngu-60% wezingane. Ukuvimbela, ama-antibiotics kanye nekhambi le-pink le-potanganum permanganate kuyasetshenziswa.
I-Paratyphoid noma i-salmonellosis yisifo esijwayelekile emathoyini asimahla. Amajuba noma izinyoni zasolwandle zingawatheleleka lapho eseduzane. Ekuqaleni, lesi sifo asizivezi, ngemuva kwalokho kunzima ukuselapha, ukuhlaselwa komhlambi kufinyelela ku-70%. Ingxibongo ayelashwa. Ngosuku lwesihlanu lwalesi sifo, kuvela ukukhula okuphuzi emzimbeni nasondelene noqhwaku, khona lapho kuqhamuke kuqhamuke uqhwaku.
Isiphetho
Ukuze ukhule ukukhula okuncane kokusempilweni futhi ugweme ukushaywa kwamaphaphu, kubalulekile ukubheka imibandela yokuboshwa, ukusebenzisa ukudla okune-benign kanye nama-vitamin supplements. Ekuhlolweni, udinga ukwenqaba amachwane ngokuchezuka okuncane. Endaweni eyedwa, hlinzeka ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe kanye nokwelashwa kwezinkukhu ezibuthakathaka.
