Uthenge isiza sendlu ngendlu enhle eqinile, kepha kunenkinga ngokulethwa kwamanzi. Uhlelo lokuhlinzekwa kwamanzi oluphakathi nesikhathi eside luhlulekile, futhi amanzi kufanele alethwe esizeni. Ungayixazulula kanjani le nkinga ngokuhlinzekwa kwamanzi njalo kungenzeka yini ukwenza noma yini? Ukuzilungiselela ngokwakho ukuphuza amanzi endlini yezwe kuzosiza ukuxazulula inkinga. Ukusuka esihlokweni uzothola ukuthi yimuphi umsebenzi okudingeka wenziwe ukuhlinzeka ikotishi lasehlobo ngamanzi amahle okuphuza.
Ukuhlonza indawo yokumba
Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukwazi omakhelwane nokuthola ukuthi bayixazulula kanjani inkinga yokulethwa kwamanzi. Uma sebevele banemithombo ezigabeni, bheka ukuthi bakuphi. Kungenzeka ukuthi omakhelwane basebenzise amanzi angenisiwe. Kulokhu, kuzodingeka ufunde izendlalelo zenhlabathi endaweni. Imiphumela yocwaningo ivame ukutshala imali kuphrojekthi yokwakha. Emibhalweni uzothola izinga le-aquiferi kanye nomugqa wokugeleza kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba.
Isinyathelo esilandelayo kuzoba ukuthola indawo yokufukula kahle ezweni. Indlela elula futhi esetshenziswa kakhulu yokuthola amanzi iyindlela yohlaka noma indlela yenduku. Indoda ibamba izintambo zensimbi ezimbili ezigobekile ezandleni ezeluliwe. Izama ukungaguquki ukuhlelwa kwezandla, ihambahamba esizeni. Endaweni lapho ukhiye ongaphansi komhlaba usondele kakhulu khona phezulu, izintambo zizoqala ukugoqa nokuwela. Ngemuva kokunquma indawo yokumba, kuyadingeka ukhethe uhlobo olufanele lomthombo ongaphansi kwakho.
Ukukhetha okuyikho kwendawo, ukujula kanye nezinto zokwakha umthombo wezwe kuyinto yokuqinisekisa ukuthola amanzi okuphuza ahlanzekile ngamanani anele.
Izinhlobo zemithombo
Ukukhethwa kohlobo lomthombo kahle, ubungako bokushayela nobuchwepheshe bokubola kuya ngokuya ngobunzulu be-aquifer.
1 - Inhlabathi engamanzi, 2 - ukungena kwamanzi ukusuka phezulu kwamanzi, u-3 - amanzi aphezulu, u-4 - umthombo olwandle oluya phezulu, u-5 - umhlabathi ongenawo amanzi, u-6 - u-aquifera wokuqala, u-7 - amanzi we-artesian, u-8 - umthombo omuhle.
Umthombo wase-Abyssinian uhlonyelwe uma umhlambi wamanzi ungamamitha amathathu kuya kwayi-12. Abantu ababili bangayibhala ngesandla. Abantu babiza lolu hlobo lwenalithi kahle. Ukujula kwamanzi okujulile kungadingi ukuzimisela ngokucophelela kwendawo yokumba.
Indawo yembobo yenaliti kufanele ibe kude kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka ukusuka ku-cesspool, tanko septic canta, kanye namapayipi okuhambisa indle.
Enye yezinketho zedivayisi yomthombo kungaba ukumba kwayo ngqo ngaphansi kwesakhiwo ngaphansi kwendlu. Kulokhu, ukuqoqa amanzi kuzoba lula futhi kube lula ngisho nakumaqhwa anamandla kakhulu. Abanikazi bezindlu zangasese bafaka iphampu nekholomu yesandla emthonjeni.
Kusetshenziswa umthombo wesihlabathi lapho imifudlana ingekho ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-50. Ukuhlelwa komthombo onjalo ezweni kuzodingeka kwenziwe kusetshenziswa imishini ekhethekile. Igama lomthombo uqobo libonisa ukuthi kukhishwa amanzi avela echibini elinesihlabathi. Izinga lamanzi akhiqizwayo angahluka. Kuyadingeka ukwenza ucwaningo esiteshini sokuhlanzeka kanye nokuqashelwa kwezifo ukuthola ukunqunyelwa kwamanzi okuphuza. Ngemuva kokuthi ukugcwaliswa kugcwaliswe, ipompo enesihlungi yehliswa emthonjeni. Kuzodingeka ukuthi zisuswe ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze zihlanze.
Umthombo wobuciko ujule kakhulu. Akunakwenzeka ukuzishayela ngokwakho, ngakho kuqashwa iqembu lochwepheshe abane-rig enamandla yokumba. Indawo yokugcina amanzi enamanzi ingaphansi kwamamitha angama-50. Ukujula okukhulu komthombo kungamamitha angama-200. Uma omakhelwane abangenalo lolu hlobo lomthombo, beka umyalo wokumba umgodi wokuhlola ukuthola ukuthi yi-aquitor ejulile kangakanani. Ukuze wonge imali, kufanelekile ukuvumelana nomakhelwane ukuthi bazokophela umthombo owodwa ezindlini eziningana. Amanzi anele wonke umuntu.
Okuhle ukuthi ngumthombo noma umthombo endlini yezwe futhi yiziphi izinhlobo ezethulwe ezikulungele okufanele uzimisele ngokuzimela. Uma ungahleleli ukusebenzisa amanzi ngenani elikhulu futhi indawo efanelekile enhlabathini, khetha umthombo, inaliti noma isihlabathi kahle. Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi okukhulu kunganikeza kuphela umthombo wobuciko.
Ukushayela kahle ezweni
Ochwepheshe basebenzisa ama-rigs akhethekile wokumba, futhi ngokumba umgodi ngezandla zabo, kubalulekile ukulungiselela i-winch, i-drill ne-tripod eqinile ethembekile. Kukhethwe umshini oqinile we-ayisikhethi njengethuluzi lokumba.
Ukuhlela ukuthenga:
- izinhlobo eziningana zamapayipi ahlukile kububanzi;
- ama-valve
- onamandla ngokujulile ipompo;
- isihlungi sekhwalithi enhle;
- ukhokho.
- Inombolo yesigaba 1. Esakhiweni sokumba, bhala umgodi ngezinhlangothi ezilingana ne-1.5 m kanye nokujula kwamamitha ayi-1. Sheathe ingaphakathi nge-plywood noma ngamabhodi.
- Inombolo yesigaba 2. Setha i-tripod phezu komgodi bese uvikela i-winch. Kusebenzisa isakhiwo esinezinduku ezixhumeke kwipayipi elilodwa, lo msele uyaphakanyiswa bese wehliswa. Izinduku ziqondiswe nge-clamp.
Ububanzi bomthombo buxhomekeke kumishini yokumpompa esetshenzisiwe. Isidingo esiyinhloko ukuhamba kwamahhala kwepayipi. Ubukhulu bepompo kufanele bube ngu-5 mm. mncane kunobubanzi obungaphakathi bepayipi.
Kungcono ukumba umthombo ezweni ngokwakho ngomthelela. Kungcono ukwenza lokhu ndawonye. Oyedwa uphendulela ibha esebenzisa ukhiye wegesi, bese umlingani wakhe amshaye esiqongweni ngesikhafu. Kungcono ukukhipha nokuhlanza imbiza ngamamitha ayihafu. Ngesikhathi sokudlula kwezingqimba zenhlabathi, ukumba kungashintshwa ukuze kusebenze futhi kusheshiswe inqubo. Izinhlabathi ezinamadolo kulula ukudlula ngazo ngokushayela komoya. Umhlabathi oqinile onamatshe adwetshwe ngodaka. Ngokwesendlalelo sesihlabathi, sebenzisa isipuni se-bur. Ngosizo lomgcini webheyili phakamisa inhlabathi.
Inombolo yesigaba 3. Isibonakaliso sokuqala sokusondeza i-aquifer ukubonakala kwedwala elimanzi. Qhubeka nokusebenza kuze kube yilapho umgubhu ufinyelela ungqimba olungangeni emanzini.
Ukwakhiwa komthombo ezweni
Njengoba usufinyelele ezingeni elidingekayo, qhubeka ngokuhlelwa komthombo wamanzi ezweni. Isihlungi sekhwalithi enhle singenziwa nguwe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga i-casing, cosmetic ne-lemu yokuhlunga. Hlanganisa ikholomu yokuhlunga kusuka kumbhobho, hlunga nesigaxa; yehlisele emthonjeni.
Manje udinga ukulungiselela inhlanganisela yesihlabathi esihlanganayo ne-gravel emihle. Thela ingxube phakathi kwepayipi nodonga lomthombo ngenhlanganisela. Faka amanzi ngasikhathi sinye ukuthambisa okokuhlunga.
Ukwakhiwa kahle kwenziwa kusetshenziswa iphampu yes screw centrifugal. Khipha amanzi kuze kube yilapho ifinyelela ebusweni ihlanzekile, ibe sobala. Bopha iphampu kukhebula lokuphepha bese ulihlisela kugesi. Manje usungaxhuma umthombo ezweni nokulethwa kwamanzi endlini.
Imodeli namandla empompo womthombo kuya ngosayizi wokukhokhoba, ukujula komthombo kanye nebanga lawo ukusuka endlini. Iphampu elingaphezulu isetshenziselwa imithombo engashoni. Kuwo wonke umuntu omunye, udinga imodeli engaphansi yesansi.
Iseluleko Sesazi
- Thola izinga lamanzi angaphansi komhlaba esiza sakho.
- Ukumba umgodi ongashona kuze kufike ku-5 m, sebenzisa ukuqhutshelwa kwengadi.
- Umshini wokumba umshini uqashwa kangcono.
- Umsele wamanzi akufanele ufike ngaphansi komthombo ngobubanzi obungu-0.5 m.
- Hlomisa ama-vents epayipini eliholela emthonjeni.
- Ngemuva kokuqala umthombo, nikeza amanzi ukuze ahlolwe.
Manje uyazi ukuthi ungakhipha kanjani umgodi ezweni futhi uwenze ujike. Ukuhlinzeka umndeni wakhe ngamanzi okuphuza ezweni ngaphansi kwamandla endoda yonke. Into esemqoka ukuthi ungasabi futhi ucele ukusekelwa ngumndeni nabangane. Ngaphandle kwabo, kunzima kakhulu ukuxazulula inkinga ngokulethwa kwamanzi. Futhi uyixazulule kanjani inkinga yamanzi egcekeni lasehlobo? Sinesifiso sokufunda ngesipiliyoni sakho. Shiya amazwana esihlokweni.
