IGladiolus iyimbali ehlobo yomndeni onamandla, enikeza abahlali behlobo ubumnene bamahlumela kanye nombala wayo ogqamile. Kuqala ukuqhakaza kusuka maphakathi noJulayi kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Agasti. Emva kwalokho, uma kunesidingo sokugcina ama uqobo, azimba phansi futhi azigcine endaweni ebandayo, imvamisa kakhulu esiseleni noma esiqandisini. Entwasahlobo baphinde bafike bafike ekhishini lasehlobo.
Kepha lokhu kuphakamisa lo mbuzo: kunini lapho kudingeka khona ukuthola i-gladioli esiqandisini ukuze kuhlume? Leli phuzu lidinga ukuhlaziywa ngemininingwane eminingi.
Ungawagcina kanjani ama-bulbs?
Ukuze ama-gladioli akhuphuke ngonyaka olandelayo, kudingeka hlanganani kahle nigcine.
Ngakho-ke, maphakathi no-Septhemba, lesi sitshalo ekugcineni siyabuna bese silahla umbala waso. Ngalesi sikhathi, baqala ukuhlanganisa ama. Ukuze wenze lokhu, bumba imbali ngokucophelela enhlabathini, emva kwalokho izinto zokutshala zomiswa emazingeni okushisa ekamelo cishe inyanga.
Ngesikhathi sokugcinwa kwe-gladioli ukuze kuvikeleke ukwenzeka kwamagciwane athathelanayo, kufanele kuqoqwe ama bullet. Ngalezi zinhloso, sebenzisa izixazululo ezishisayo ezilandelayo:
- isixazululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate;
- phytosporin;
- chlorophos.
Ngiyakwazi futhi Sebenzisa amanzi ashisayo angenalutho. Izinto zokutshala zehliselwa kunoma yisiphi kulezi zixazululo imizuzu engama-20. Ngemuva kwalokho, kusuka kusiqu esisele se-gladiolus, isisebenzi sokusebenza siyanqunywa, somiswe ngokucophelela futhi sigcinwe. Uma isiqandisi sisetshenziselwa lezi zinhloso, khona-ke u-anyanisi ufakwa esikhwameni esinezimbobo bese ubekwa engxenyeni yemifino. Kufanele ihlolwe kabili ngenyanga.
Uzithola nini izinto zokutshala esiqandisini?
Ukugcina ama bulb endaweni epholile kanjena kuthathwa njengokuthembekile, kukuvumela ukuthi ulawule ikhwalithi yawo kuyo yonke le nkathi. Kungcono ukuzikhipha esiqandisini entwasahlobo inyanga noma isigamu ngaphambi kokutshala i-gladioli emhlabathini ovulekile. Imvamisa izinsuku ezingama-30 - 40 zanele ukuthi ama-bulbs angaqhuma futhi enze amahlumela anamandla ngokuhlinzekwa okukhulu kwezakhi zomzimba.
Ungayilungisa kanjani i-gladioli ukuze ihlume?
Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuhluma kwezinhlamvu kusebenza ngempumelelo futhi ngaphandle kwezinkinga ngangokunokwenzeka, kufanele unamathele ngokuphelele ukunamathela kubuchwepheshe benqubo enjalo.
Ukuhlola okubukwayo
Ekuhlolweni, izinto zokutshala ezilimele ngesikhathi zigcinwa, kanye nezithintekile kubola namagciwane, ziyaliwa.
Ukubhoboza Amabhule
Ngemuva kwalokhu, i-gladiolus iyahlanzwa ngesikali esimbozayo. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze bangaphazamisi amahlumela ukuba ahlume. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubola, kanye nezindawo ezinobuhlungu, ngokushesha kubonakala ezintweni ezihlanzekile zokutshala. Lezi zinhlamvu kumele ziqedwe. Uma kunezindawo ezincane zokutheleleka ngeFusarium, ama-gladioli anjalo angazama ukutshala, kepha ngenxa yalokhu kufanele aphathwe. Ngommese obukhali, susa ngokucophelela indawo ethintekile kwezicubu ezinempilo. Izilayi ezifafazwe ngamalahle afudumele, zingasebenza, noma igcotshwe luhlaza. Ngemuva kokuba sebomile, lesi sifo ngeke sikwazi ukusabalala.
Ukukhetha
Ngaphambi kokutshala, ama ziphathwa ngendlela yesixazululo se-fungicide noma sezinambuzane, lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma izimbali ngonyaka odlule bezigula kakhulu noma zithinteka ukuqunjelwa. Ungabamba okuhlanzekile kokutshala kwehora elilodwa ngesixazululo samalungiselelo afana nalokhu:
- Fundozol;
- Maxim
Ukuhluma kwe-gladioli ngaphambi kokutshala
Ngemuva kwakho konke lokhu kuguqulwa, kusala kuphela ukuhluma ama ngaphambi kokuwatshala emhlabathini ovulekile. Lokhu akudingekile, kepha ngenxa yalokhu, izimbali kufanele ziqhakaze kusenesikhathi.
Ukuhluma nini gladioli? Isikhathi esihle salokhu ukuqala noma maphakathi no-Ephreli. Amabhuleki akhonjiwe futhi asikiwe abekwa kanye nezithungo zibheke phezulu kwisendlalelo esisodwa ebhokisini bese zibekwa endaweni eyomile neyomile efudumele yelanga. Lokhu kuzovumela ukuthi izinto zokutshala zikhule ngokushesha nangobudlova. Ama-anyanisi aqothulwe akufanele atshalwe kungakapheli uMeyi 15, okuzovumela izitshalo ukuba zikhule ngokuqhakaza futhi ziqhakaze kakhulu.
Ukufakelwa
Lapho utshala i-gladioli kuyadingeka ukulandela izincomo ezidingekayo.
Isakhiwo sokutshala kwabo kufanele sikhanye futhi sibe nelanga, futhi inhlabathi kufanele ibe ngumbala wesihlabathi olula ogcwele i-humus.
IGladiolus ayinconywa ukuthi itshalwe endaweni efanayo iminyaka eminingana, ngoba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi i-microflora ye-pathogenic iqala ukuqwabelana enhlabathini, okungaba nomthelela ekuqaleni kwezifo ezitshalweni;
Kakhulu kuyingozi ukutshala lezi zimbali eduze kwezilimo ezingadininjenge:
- isithombo;
- iklabishi;
- ihhashi;
- itheniphu;
- iqabunga lesinaphi.
Ukudalwa kokutshala kuya ngosayizi wama bulbs, kanye nohlobo lomhlabathi: uma inhlabathi ilula, ke kuyadingeka ukuyijula, kugxilwe emameterimitha amane, ngomhlabathi osindayo, ukutshala kwenziwa ngokujula okuncane.
Izinto zokutshala kufanele zitshalwe kude nge-15 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye, futhi nebanga phakathi kwezintambo kufanele libe ngama-25 cm.
Imigwaqo iniselwa ngaphambili futhi uthele ungqimba lwesihlabathi esicacile noma somfula. Ngemuva kokufaka imbali emgodini, ifafazwa ngenhla nangolunye ungqimba lwesihlabathi, emva kwalokho imbozwe ngomhlaba. Emavikini amabili - 3 emva kwalokhu, amahlumela kufanele alindelwe.
Lapho nje amahlumela efika kubude obungama-5 cm, izitshalo zivundiswa ngesendlalelo se-humus. Lokhu kuvikela izimbali ezifweni futhi kusiza ukugcina umswakama, okubaluleke kakhulu lapho kushisa.
Izitshalo ziyaniselwa ekuseni nakusihlwa, futhi kufanele kuthelwe amanzi ukuze angawi ngaphansi kweziqu nezimpande. Lapho nje umswakama uvele kancane, kuyadingeka khulula inhlabathi azungeze imbali.
Ngakho-ke, ama-gladioli e-gladioli angagcinwa esiqandisini ukuze nawo atshalwe futhi ngonyaka olandelayo. Kepha lokhu kumele kwenziwe ngendlela efanele ukuze izinto zokutshala zingaboli futhi zingaguli. Kuyadingeka futhi ukuthola i-gladiolus esiqandisini sokuhluma ngesikhathi, kulokhu lesi sitshalo siqhakaza ngaphambili nangobuningi.
