Phakathi kwemivini engaphakathi kukhona izitshalo eziningi zangempela futhi zangaphandle. Kepha nakancane noma ngubani uyakwazi ukuncintisana "ezicini" zabo nge-dischidia. Lesi sitshalo se-epiphytic esiyingqayizivele, esinomusa kakhulu, lapho, ngaphandle kwamaqabunga amancane abukekayo, "ama-bubble" wokugcina amanzi nawo akhiwa. Izithunzi ezintekenteke zokuhlaza okuhlaza okotshani kanye nombala obomvu ogqamile noma opinki wezimbali ezincane, ukuguquguquka kwamahlumela nobuhle kwenza i-dischidia ibe yindaba eyiqiniso. Futhi yize kungelula ukuyikhulisa, yeka injabulo nethabo elingakanani okuletha ngemuva kwalokho!
I-Russo-leaf dyschidia (Dischidia ruscifolia). © WoSIDyschidia ingumfokazi omuhle ohlwini lwezitshalo zoqobo
Ama-dyschidias omangalisayo athathwa njenganqabile esikweni lamagumbi, kepha ukubuya kwemfashini yama-paludariums nama-florariums kudonsele ukunakwa okwengeziwe. Namuhla, i-dyschidia ingatholakala kaningi emifashini yengilazi yokuhlobisa nasemikhunjini, kumagobolondo namagobolondo, ngisho nasezitolo eziyizikhumbuzo, kuvezwa njengesipho kubathandi beqiniso bezimbali. Kodwa i-dyschidia ngokwayo ihlala iyisitshalo semfihlakalo kwabaningi.
IDyschidias imivini ecwebile engatshalwa ngezindlela eziningi:
- njengesitshalo esikhulayo kubhasikidi wokulengiswa (ngenxa yesakhiwo esithile samahlamvu, akunakwenzeka ukusibeka ezitebhisini noma emaphepheni amade ngokulengiswa, kwehlisa izindandatho ewindini, kodwa sihle ngama-ampel);
- njenge-liana kwisisekelo - ama-trellises, okuhlobisa, okusansimbi noma okwezisekelo zokhuni - enza ama-silhouette amahle kakhulu.
Dischidia (Dischidia) - izitshalo ze-epiphytic zeqembu lamavini acwebile. Akhula kancane; agcina ukukhanga kwawo unyaka wonke. Ukuphakama okuphezulu kwesitshalo kunqunyelwe emngceleni wamamitha, kepha-ke, ubukhulu, izilinganiso ezithile zincike kwindlela ye-garter kanye nangendlela yokutshala. Ama-curly, aguquguqukayo kakhulu, amahlumela acwengekile e-dyshidia abukeka emnene ngokungafani nalutho. Ubude obukhulu bamahlumela buyi-1 m. Banamathela ekusekelweni ngezimpande ezingeziwe. Ngamahlumela we-dyshidia, imibhangqwana enamaqabunga athinta inhliziyo ayifane ihlale, okuthi, ngenxa yokungabi nobukhulu obukhulu, ibonwa njengomhlobiso. Amaqabunga e-dyschidia mncane impela, anesikhumba, ayindilinga, ayikhombe kancane emikhawulweni yomibili. Ngenxa yokuhleleka kokufana kwamabili kwamakhanda, kubonakala kungumhlobiso omangalisayo futhi kuphethwe ngokuqinile. Umbala oluhlaza okotshani - ogqamile ogqamile, oluhlaza okhanyayo - ubonakala emisha futhi "umnandi."
Kodwa imifino ye-dischidia ihlukile ngesizathu esihluke ngokuphelele. Ngaphezu kwamaqabunga ajwayelekile, lesi sitshalo sakha amaqabunga anjenge-vesicle-uhlobo - "lwezikhwama" ezingadlala indima yedamu lamanzi. Amaqabunga agcina amanzi anamanzi ayakwazi ukugoqa imiphetho, ngenxa yalokho kudalwa i-bubble yamanga noma umthamo. "Amasaka" ayakwazi ukukhula aze afike ku-5 cm ubude, umbala ongaphandle uphinda umbala wamahlamvu aphambili, kepha ingaphakathi libomvu ngombala. Ngenxa yamaqabunga anjalo aguquliwe, i-dyshidia uqobo ilawula izinga lomswakama, iqinise izimo futhi iyakwazi ukuzihlinzeka ngamanzi ngezimo ezibucayi. “Udonsa” amanzi anezimpande zomoya ezigxile kuleli golide lamanzi emvelo.
I-Dyschidia (Dischidia).
Izimbali ze-dyshidia zihle kakhulu. Izimbali ezisezingeni eliphakathi nendawo, ezibomvu, ezimhlophe, noma ezipinki ezinama-petals amahlanu, ziqoqwe ngama-whorls kuma-axils amaqabunga, zibonakala njengokuhlobisa okukhanyayo. Izimbali zivame ukuhlala kusuka phakathi kwentwasahlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kwehlobo. Lesi sitshalo sidedela izimbali zazo zokuqala ngo-Ephreli, futhi kuze kube yilapho kuphela, “amarubhi” abomvu aqhakazile abheke emuva ngemuva kwamaqabunga. Ngokwesiko lamagumbi, i-dyshidia ivame ukuqhakaza kaningana ngonyaka.
Emvelweni, i-dyschidia itholakala emahlathini ashisayo kuphela futhi weza kithi evela e-Australia, eNdiya nasePolynesia. Lawa ama-epiphytes ajwayelekile abambelela ezimpandeni zawo zomoya kubhekeni lwezinkuni ezinkulu. Lezi zinyoka ezihlukile zomndeni wakwaKutrovy (Apocynaceae) zimelele.
Izinhlobo ze-Dishidia
Cishe izinhlobo ezingama-7 ze-dyschidia zithathwa njengezitshalo zokuhlobisa, yize inani lezinhlobo zazo ngokwemvelo lilinganiswa amashumi amaningana. Ngokwesiko lamagumbi, kusakazwa ezimbili kuphela ze-dyshidia ezisakazekayo:
- UVidal Dyschidia (Dischidia vidalii), saziwa kangcono ngaphansi kwegama elidala le-scallop dyschidia - I-Dischidia pectenoides) - umvini obabazekayo onamaqabunga ayinhloko wombala oluhlaza okotshani nokukhanya okungeziwe okugcina amanzi;
- I-Ovoid dyschidia (I-Dischidia ovata) - ngobukhulu obukhulu, obunamaqanda obuyisisekelo, onamaqabunga endalo aphakamileyo, ngaphezulu lapho kuvela khona imithambo ekhanyayo emide.
Kubhekwa njengento engavamile kakhulu I-Russo-dischidia (I-Dischidia ruscifolia) - i-dyshidia enamaqabunga akhombe, kanye nokugqamisa ama-inflorescence amakhulu aminyene i-dischidia enkulu (I-Dischidia enkulu).
I-Ovoid dyschidia (Dischidia ovata). 
IVidal Dyschidia (Dischidia vidalii).
Ukunakekelwa Kwasekhaya kwe-Dyshidia
Dyshidia kuyinto exotic ngayo yonke ingqondo yegama. Kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi kulula ukusikhulisa, kepha nokho lesi sitshalo sibafanele kakhulu abatshali abanolwazi abangakwazi ukugcina umswakama oqinile, omile. Kepha ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuthambisa okungavamile kanye nokugqoka okuphezulu kwenza lula impilo. Ngakho-ke, i-dyshidia ingabizwa ngokuthi akulula kangako ukuyikhulisa njengesitshalo esithile, okungcono ukujwayelana nayo ngaphambi kokuyithenga. Ukuqina kuyisiqinisekiso esiyimpumelelo sempumelelo, futhi kuthinta zombili izimo nokunakekelwa. Ukuphazamiseka okuncane ngokushesha kuholela ekushoneni nasekudonselweni kwamaqabunga. IDyschidia uqobo lwayo isayina indawo engathandeki futhi lokhu kwenza kube lula ukutshala, kepha kumele kubhekwe njalo ngokucophelela.
Ukukhanyisa Isibani
Ngokwesiko lamagumbi, i-dyshidia isitshalo esithatha izithombe. Uma ngokwemvelo efihla kusihlwa wamahlathi emvula, lapho-ke ekhaya kudingeka anikezwe indawo ekhanyayo ngangokunokwenzeka. Kepha kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi isitshalo sizwela kakhulu ukuqondisa ilanga nokukhanyisa i-dyshidia kungahlakazeka kuphela.
Enye yezinzuzo ze-dyshidia ukuthi ikhula kahle ekukhanyeni okufakwayo. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ukhule lesi sitshalo ngama-paludariums noma ama-florarium ezimanzi, imibukiso yezimbali, unwebisa amathuba okusebenzisa kwasekuqaleni kwalokhu okuxakile.
UDyschidia uzizwa kahle ezindlini zokugezela, kumafasitela asempumalanga nasentshonalanga.
Ukushisa okunethezekayo
Izitshalo ezokwehlayo, ngenhlanhla, azihambelani nesidingo sokulawula ngokuqinile okushisa kokutshala noma ukudala izimo ezipholile ze-atypical zezakhiwo zokuhlala. IDyschidiaya yisitshalo esivumelanisa ukushisa nokubekezelela ukushisa. Into esemqoka ukulawula izinkomba zokushisa eziphansi, ukuwavimbela ukuthi wehle ufike kuma-degree angu-18 nangaphansi. Kodwa noma yikuphi okunye ukushisa (kokubili okushisa kwekamelo nokushisa okushisayo) kufanelekile kwi-dyshidia. I-Dyshidia iqhakaza kakhulu emazingeni okushisa aphakathi kuka-25 no-30 degrees Celsius.
I-Dischidia (Dischidia)Ukunisela dyshidia nomswakama
Lesi sitshalo si-hygrophilous, kepha lokhu kusebenza kuphela kumswakama. Lapho unisela i-dyshidia, udinga ukuzibamba kakhulu. Ukuze lesi sitshalo sidingekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umswakama oqinile, okhanyayo kakhulu, kepha wenza izinqubo kuphela uma umhlaba waphezulu usoma ngamasentimitha angama-2-3. Isomiso, okomisa isikhathi eside komhlaba ongaphansi komhlaba asifiseleki, kodwa hhayi esibucayi, kepha ukuthambisa ngokweqile kanye nokubamba amanzi nge-dyschidia kulula obulalayo. Imvamisa ejwayelekile yokunisela cishe izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngenyanga. Ebusika, ukuchelela kulungiswa ngokunciphisa umswakama wenhlabathi, kepha nokho kugcinwe indawo ezinzile (tentatively kutekeleza izinqubo isikhathi esisodwa kuphela emavikini ama-3).
Lapho ukhule e-rutaria (impande yesiNgisi - izimpande, i-driftwood, izimpande) njenge-epiphyte ku-cortex, i-dyshidia iyanyiswa amahlandla ama-1-2 ngesonto.
Amanzi we-dischidia yokunisela kufanele akhethwe ngokucophelela. I-Dyschidia ayikubekezeleli ukuchelela ngamanzi abandayo, kodwa esimweni esifudumele, kungcono ukukhetha amanzi ekushiseni kwegumbi. Into esemqoka ukuthi amanzi athambile ezimfanelweni zawo. Lokhu, izitshalo zivame ukuncoma amanzi angcolile noma abilisiwe.
Umzuzu onzima kakhulu ekukhuleni kwe-dischidia, kusobala, yisidingo sokuhlinzeka isitshalo ngamazinga aphakeme kakhulu omswakama. Yingakho i-dischidia ibhekwa njengesitshalo esikhiqizwe kangcono ekubonisweni kwezimbali nakuma-terrariums wezitshalo. Kepha ungafinyelela impumelelo efanayo kusiko "elivulekile". IDyschidia iyabekezelela ukufafaza kahle, ayesabi ukugcwala. Nsuku zonke, futhi ekushiseni izinqubo zamanzi ezivame kakhulu, zingamakhela indawo entofontofo nenomswakama. Okunye futhi okulungele izitshalo ukufakwa kwama-humidifiers - amaphakethe anezibhebhe ezimanzi noma ama-moss, ama-humidifiers akhethekile. Into esemqoka ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi umswakama uzinzile futhi awawi ngaphansi kuka-40-50%.
Ukondla i-dyshidia
Lesi sitshalo sidinga ukondla okuvinjelwe kahle. Kwi-dyschidia, kuvame ukunconywa ukwenza ukugqoka okubili okuphezulu kuphela ngonyaka ngomanyolo oxutshwe ngesigamu (ngo-Ephreli nangoJulayi). Kodwa ungasebenzisa elinye isu, ukwethula umanyolo we-dyschidia isikhathi esingu-1 ngenyanga kumithamo encishisiwe ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo kanye nehlobo. IDyschidia ithande umanyolo okhethekile wama-anculents noma okungenani izitshalo zokuhlobisa zamahlamvu.
Ukuze uthole isitshalo, kungcono ukushintshanisa ukugqoka okuvamile nokwenziwe ngokwezifiso.
IVidal Dyschidia (Dischidia vidalii). © Radek SejkoraUkufuna i-dischidia
I-Dyschidia ayidingi izihlahla ezijwayelekile, kepha uma ifiswa, ingakhiwa ngokunciphisa amahlumela amade kakhulu. Ukuphawulwa okukhanyayo okuvela ngasikhathi sonke kwawo wonke amahlumela kungavuselela ukuvuselelwa kwezitshalo ezindala, ezingakhi kahle zezimbali.
Ukufakelwa kwe-dyshidia ne-substrate
Njengama-epiphytes amaningi asendlini, i-dyshidia idinga ukukhetha okuqinile kwenhlabathi. Lesi sitshalo esingaphakathi endlini sikhula kahle kuphela kungxenyeni ekhethekile yama-orchid noma ama-bromeliads, inhlabathi enobuhlakani obanele bokuqina kanye ne-fibrousness. Uma ufuna ukulungiselela inhlabathi ngokwakho, hlanganisa inhlabathi eshidi noma i-peat ne-sphagnum nesihlabathi ngesilinganiso 2: 3: 1. Lapho kukhula i-dyschidia kuma-florariums nakuma-paludariums, inhlabathi ilungiswa kusuka engxenyeni yamagxolo apayiniwe noma izimpande zefern ezine-sphagnum engaphansi. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukwengeza ingxenye yamalahle ku-substrate.
Ukufakwa kwesitshalo kungenziwa kuphela entwasahlobo, ngokubukeka kwezimpawu zokukhula okusebenzayo. Izitshalo ezincane kuphela ezitshalwa minyaka yonke, kepha kulokhu, ukufakelwa kwezinto kufanele kwenziwe kuphela lapho kunesidingo, lapho kugcwaliswa isitsha ngezimpande. Phansi kwanoma yisiphi isitsha se-dischidia kubeka ungqimba oluphezulu lwamanzi. Isitshalo kumele sisingathwe ngokucophelela, ukuvikela noma yikuphi ukulimala kwezimpande.
I-Dyschidia ingatshalwa njenge-epiphyte emigodini nasemabhulokini.
Izifo nezinambuzane ze-dyshidia
I-Dyschidia ayikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi izitshalo ezingazweli. Izimpande nezimpande zibola kalula ngesikhathi sokuchichima, kanye nama-mealybugs, ama-aphid kanye nezindawo zesicabucabu zimane zisithanda lesi simila. Izinkinga kufanele zibhekwane nazo ngokushesha ngokulungisa izimo nokusebenzisa ama-insecticides.
Izinkinga ezivamile ekukhuleni kwe-dyshidia:
- ukuntuleka kwamanzi agcina amaqabunga-ama-bubble at umswakama ophansi;
- ubomvu bamaqabunga e-dyschidia elangeni eliqondile;
- ukufiphala kwe-antennae kanye nokushintshwa kwamaqabunga, ukuhlukaniswa kwamaqabunga lapho umswakama omncane womoya.
I-Dyschidia (Dischidia). © Robert PulvirentiUkukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-dyshidia
Lesi sengezo somndeni singasakazwa kokubabayo nangokwembewu. Indlela elula yokuthola i-dischidia kusuka kuma-cuttings, kodwa indlela yesibili ayinzima.
Imbewu ye-dyshidia, naphezu kobukhulu bezithelo ezimise okomkhumbi, ziyisidudla, zikhumbuza kakhulu imbewu ye-dandelion. Lapho usebenza nabo, kufanele uqaphele, ngoba kulula kakhulu ukulahleka. Izitshalo zenziwa entwasahlobo, engxenyeni yesihlabathi ne-substrate, noma isihlabathi kanye ne-peat ngezingxenye ezilinganayo. Imbewu ayihanjiswa ngembobo enhlabathini enwebekile, bese ifafazwa kancane ngomhlabathi ohlungiwe (ungqimba lwamandla - hhayi ngaphezu kuka-3 mm). Ngaphansi kwengilazi noma ifilimu, nge-airing yansuku zonke, imbewu ye-dyshidia imila emazingeni okushisa ukusuka kuma-20 degrees Celsius ngokukhanya okukhanyayo. Amahlumela kumele avikelwe elangeni eliqondile. Ngemuva kokuvela kwamaqabunga eqiniso, izitshalo zingena ezitsheni ngazinye.
Iziqongo zamahlumela amancane zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukusika i-dyschidia, ukuzisika ngokunqenqemeni bese zisusa ngokushesha ukusikeka ngamalahle. Ubude bezinsika busezingeni elifanele, cishe cm 8-10.Ubamba lwenhlanganisela lwenziwa ngengxube ye-sand-peat, ibatshala ekhoneni. Izitsha kufanele zimbozwe nge-cap futhi zigcinwe ekushiseni okungenani kwama-degrees angama-20. Ama-Dyschidias adinga i-airing yansuku zonke nokukhanya kepha umswakama ongaguquki wenhlabathi. Ukubamba imbala kuvame ukuthatha amasonto amathathu.
Ngaphakathi kwezikhwama zamaqabunga ze-dyschidia, isitshalo sendodakazi cishe njalo siyakhula - isiqu esenziwe ngomumo sakhiwe emanzini. Lapho usika iqabunga elinjalo, isitshalo sendodakazi singasehlukaniswa futhi sitshalwe njengesiko elizimele.
