Isitshalo seHaworthia, esingesasfodelov subfamily, simelelwa ngabasizi abancane abancane. Endle, zingahlangatshezwa eNingizimu Afrika. Lowo obabusayo wabizwa ngokuthi i-haworthia ukuhlonipha u-Adrian Haworth, owayengudokotela wezazi ezingamaNgisi, kwakunguye owanquma indawo yalesi sitshalo ekuhlukweni.
Njengomthetho, amapuleti anamaqabunga anamanzi wemibala emnyama eluhlaza okwenzeka ngaso ebusweni bomhlaba, noma kunjalo, ezinye izinhlobo zinesiqu esifushane. Lesi sitshalo siyakwazi ukuqongelela uketshezi ekujuleni kwamapuleti amaqabunga, lapho kutholakala khona emathangini. I-Succulent idinga indawo yokuswakama uma kwenzeka isikhathi eside somile. Unqenqemeni lwamahlamvu lujinjiwe, lubushelelezi noma kukhona amabala kulo. Ezinye izinhlobo ezingaphezulu kwamapuleti amaqabunga zinama-tubes we-convex wombala omhlophe. Imvamisa emabhusha kuvela inani elikhulu lamahlumela aseceleni. Izimbali ezincane ezimhlophe azimeleli noma yiliphi inani lokuhlobisa.
Incazelo emfushane yokukhula
- Izimbali. Lesi simnandi isitshalo sokuhlobisa amahlamvu.
- Ukukhanya. Ilambu elikhanyayo; amawindi wasempumalanga, oseningizimu noma osentshonalanga afanelekile ukulinyelwa. Izinhlobo lapho amahlamvu anombala ofanayo angasuswa khona lapho kunombala okhanyayo ngezinsuku ezishisayo zasehlobo.
- Imodi yokushisa. Ikhula kahle emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni elijwayelekile.
- Ukunisela. Ngesikhathi sokukhula kuyadingeka ukunisela ngokulingana, ngokushesha ngemuva kwengqimba yenhlabathi yomile kahle. Uma ebusika isihlahla singene enkathini ebusobala, khona-ke isibalo sokunisela sincishiselwa isikhathi esingu-1 emasontweni ama-4.
- Umswakama womoya. Noma yiliphi izinga lomswakama lilungile.
- Umanyolo. Udinga ukondla isikhathi esingu-1 emavikini ama-4 ku-Ephreli-Agasti, ukuze usebenzise lo manyolo oyinkimbinkimbi we-cacti, kuyilapho ukuhlangana kwekhambi kufanele kube buthakathaka izikhathi ezi-2 kunokunconywa emiyalweni enamathiselwe ithuluzi.
- Isikhathi sokuphumula. Akuvezwanga.
- Ukufakelwa. Amabhishi amasha kufanele athathelwe indawo kanye ngonyaka, futhi abantu abadala entwasahlobo 1 eminyakeni emi-3.
- Ukuzala. Imvamisa kakhulu, okuhlaza, ngokuhlukanisa izitolo zamantombazane.
- Izinambuzane eziyingozi. Mealybugs kanye nezinambuzane esikalini.
- Izifo. Ngenxa yokufaka amanzi noma lapho uketshezi lungena esitolo, isitshalo siqala ukubola.
Imithetho ekhulayo
Ukuze ukhule isihlahla esimangazayo se-haworthia efasiteleni lakho, ngaso sonke isikhathi kufanele unamathele emithethweni yama-agrotechnical yalesi siko:
- Ukuze kutshalwe, amafasitela asentshonalanga, aseningizimu nasempumalanga ahamba phambili, kepha imbali kumele ivikelwe emisebeni yelanga eshisayo.
- Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, ukuthambisa kufanele kube ngokulinganayo. Ebusika, isitshalo siyaphumula, ngakho-ke kufanele sisuswe endaweni epholile (ukusuka kuma-10 kuye kwangama-12 degrees), ngenkathi ukuthambisa kufanele kwenziwe isikhathi esingu-1 emavikini ama-4.
- Udinga ukufakelwa esihlahleni unyaka nonyaka, ngoba lokhu kuthatha ithangi elingajulile futhi libanzi, ngaphansi kwalo lapho kufanele kwenziwe khona ungqimba oluhle lwamanzi.
- Ngokutshala, udinga ukusebenzisa inhlanganisela yenhlabathi enezinhlamvu zeshidi ne-turf (1: 1), kuyilapho i-30% yokhuni lwesitini noma amatshe amatshe amancane kufanele afakwe kuyo.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Haworthia ekhaya
IHaworthia inokubukeka okuhle kodwa okuhle, kepha ngaphandle kwalokhu, ayiveli. Kulokhu, wonke umuntu angakhula umnandi ekhaya labo, udinga nje ukwazi ukuthi ungayinakekela kanjani ngokufanele.
Uma isihlahla sikhula kufasitela elikhanyiswe kahle yilanga, khona-ke ekushiseni okuqinile kufanele kudluliselwe emthunzini omncane oyingxenye, futhi uma kukhona ithuba elinjalo, bese uyisa ethafeni noma kuvulandi onombala. Njengoba le mbali iyathandeka, khona-ke noma yimuphi umswakama kufanelekile ukuyikhulisa. Igumbi lapho kukhula khona i-haworthia kufanele lifakwe umoya njalo ehlobo nasebusika.
Amanzi asetshenziselwa ukunisela kufanele axazululwe kahle futhi athambile. Uma unisela, udinga kuphela ukuthambisa kancane ungqimba olungaphezulu lwesisekelo sethangi, ngoba lokhu kuncoma kudinga amanzi amancane kakhulu. Ehlobo, isihlahla siniselwa ngokushesha ngemuva kwesendlalelo esiphezulu sokomisa komhlaba. Uma ebusika lisekamelweni elipholile (ukusuka ku-10 kuye ku-12 degrees), khona-ke lidinga ukuniselwa kuphela isikhathi esingu-1 emavikini ama-4, uma imbali ngalesi sikhathi ikhula ngamazinga okushisa angaphezu kuka-18-20 degrees, khona-ke, njengomthetho, ukuthambisa kuyenziwa 1 kanye njalo ngesigamu senyanga. Amanzi kufanele athelwe ngendlela yokuthi angakwazi ukungena enkabeni yokuphuma, njengoba ukubola kungakhula ngenxa yalokhu.
Izimbali ze-Haworthia azinayo inzuzo yokuhlobisa. Kulokhu, ngokushesha lapho kuvela ama-peduncle, kunconyelwa ukuwasusa, ngenxa yalokho, isihlahla ngeke sisebenzise amandla aso kwezimbali.
Yondla Haworthia
Esikhathini esisuka ku-Ephreli kuya ku-Agasti, kunconyelwa ukwenza ukuhleleka okuhle kokuhlelekile kwalokhu okumnandi, kwenze lokhu njalo emavikini ama-4. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa umanyolo we-cacti, kuyilapho ukuhlangana kwekhambi kufanele kube okuphindwe kabili izikhathi kunokubhaliwe emiyalweni. Abatshali abanokuhlangenwe nakho bayelulekwa ukuthi bathele umanyolo emanzini wokunisela. Ngo-ekwindla, ama-anculents awasadliwa.
Ukufakelwa
Ukufakelwa kwe Haworthia kwenziwa lapho kunesidingo, ngokwesibonelo, uma umthamo uba mncane kakhulu. Njengomthetho, amasampula amancane atshalwa minyaka yonke, kanye nabantu abadala - kanye eminyakeni emi-2 noma emi-3. Ngokufika, kufanele ukhethe umthamo ophansi kakhulu, okufanele ube banzi. Uma imbiza ijule kakhulu, khona-ke ukugcwala koketshezi kuzobhekwa ohlelweni lwezimpande. Ngokutshala, ungathenga ingxube eyenziwe ngomhlabathi eyenziwe nge-cacti, kepha inani elincane lobumba elincane elikhulisiwe nobumba kufanele lingezwe kukho. Ubumba olwandisiwe luyakwazi ukudonsa amanzi ngokweqile ngesikhathi sokunisela ngokweqile. Phansi ebhodweni, kufanele wenze ungqimba omuhle wedonsa. Ngokuyinhloko, ukutshala nokufaka esikhundleni se-haworthia kulula kakhulu futhi nesiqalo singayibamba.
Ukuzalanisa i-Haworthia
Izimbumbulu
Uma izimpande sezivele zakhele eceleni kwe-haworthia rosette, kufanele ihlukaniswe ngokucophelela esihlahleni somzali futhi ngokushesha itshalwe ebhodweni eligcwele substrate emanzi. Esimweni lapho ukusikwa okunamapuleti amaqabunga amabili noma amathathu angenazimpande kuhlukaniswe khona, isayithi elisikiwe kwakuzodingeka liphathwe ngomlotha wezinkuni, emva kwalokho zizomiswa izinsuku eziningana bese zitshalwa ukuze zibekwe enhlabathini enomanzi. Ngemuva kokuba sebenezimpande, badluliselwa ebhodweni eligcwele substrate. Isiqu seqabunga sidinga inqubo efanayo. Ngemuva kokunquma, ishiyelwa ukuthi yomiswe emoyeni ovulekile izinsuku eziningana, bese ihlwanyelwa ukhula enhlabathini noma i-substrate evulekile. Kuze kube yilapho izimpande sezikhulile, ukunisela i-substrate ebhodweni akudingekile, kudinga kuphela ukuthambisa kancane kusuka ku-sprayer. Isitsha akufanele simbozwe ngaphezulu ngefilimu noma ingilazi. Iqiniso ngukuthi kulezo zimo zokugcina ukushisa, kungenzeka ukuthi isiqu sibole. Ukuzalanisa, isikhathi sentwasahlobo sifanelwe kahle.
Ungasakaza kanjani ngembewu
Imbewu ye-Haworthia isatshalaliswa engxenyeni engaphansi evulekile noma yesihlabathi esimanzi, imboze isivuno kusuka phezulu ngengilazi noma ngefilimu, bese isusa isitsha endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle futhi efudumele (degrees ezingama-20 kuye kwangama-25). Kepha kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi imbewu inomthamo omncane kakhulu wokuhluma, ngenkathi ikhulisa i-haworthia kusuka imbewu isikhathi eside. Kulokhu, abatshali bezimbali bancamela ukusabalalisa lesi sitshalo ngobungako.
Izinhlobo ze-haworthia ngezithombe namagama
Imigqa yeHaworthia
Isitshalo esinjalo saphakade asinaso isiqu. Isihlahla siqukethe izimbambo eziningi eziminyene zezimpande, ezihlanganisa amapuleti angamaqabunga amade we-lanceolate, engaphansi kwawo kukhona imichilo yombala omhlophe, kanti uhlangothi olungaphambili lubushelelezi futhi luhlaza. Ngobude, amapuleti amaqabunga afinyelela ku-50 mm, futhi ububanzi bawo buyi-10-15 mm.
Kudonswe oHaworthia
Le nhlobo ifana ne-haworthia enemigqa, noma kunjalo lesi sitshalo asisebenzi kahle. Eqabungeni lawo lamaqabunga kukhona amaphuzu e-convex yombala oluhlaza okotshani noma omhlophe. Amapuleti eshidi leLanceolate aqondiswa phezulu, ubude bawo bubalelwa ku-70 mm, futhi ububanzi bawo bufika ku-15 mm.
Windor haworthia
Ibizwa nangokuthi i-Aloe sinuous. I-haworthia ine-stem ephakeme kakhulu, efinyelela ukuphakama okungamasentimitha ayi-15. Ubude bamaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani obumnyama bungamamitha angama-25, indawo yabo ephansi i-convex futhi kukhona ama-warts amancane kuyo.
I-stick haworthia
Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kuyahlukahluka kusuka kumasentimitha ayi-10 kuye kwangama-20. Amapuleti amaqabunga amancane e-oval ahlelwe ngemigqa emi-3, aqondile futhi anethiphu eligobekile, ubude bawo bungama-25 mm kanti ububanzi bawo buyi-15 mm.
Scaphoid haworthia
Amapulangwe anamaqabunga acwebezelayo angenamabala angenhla kwewindows, ayingxenye yerosette, lapho ububanzi ifinyelela ngamasentimitha ayi-10, kuthi uma kunezihluthu ezinde, ububanzi bube ngamasentimitha ayi-15-20.
I-Haworthia pearl
Lesi isithelo esinezimbali esinotshani obukhulu, esingenaso nesiqu. I-basal rosette yakhiwa ngamashidi agqamile agqamile wesimo se-oval ekhonjiwe, ubude bawo bungama-70-80 mm, futhi ububanzi bufika kuma-25 mm. Kumapuleti amaqabunga aluhlaza kuzo zombili izinhlaka kukhona izinhlamvu eziyindilinga zombala omhlophe qwa, ziyafana ngamaparele futhi zenza isihlahla sikhange kakhulu.
Chess Haworthia
Amapuleti eshidi obukhulu obunxantathu anomphetho we-serated, ayingxenye yezitolo ezincane. Ebunzini langaphambi kwamahlamvu kukhona amachashazi amhlophe akha igridi, kanti ohlangothini olungalungile kukhona ama-warts.
Haworthia Reinwardt
I-rosette ephakeme yakhiwa ngamapuleti amaqabunga anamaqhuqhuva anama-cm, ububanzi bawo buyi-10-15 mm, futhi ubude bawo buyi-35 mm. Ingaphansi lamahlamvu limbozwa imigqa yezinhlamvu ezimhlophe ezihlelelwe isikhathi eside futhi ngokunqenqema, kuyilapho ziqhamuke ngokucacile ngemuva ingemuva kwepuleti elinombala omnyama. Le nhlobo inezinhlobonhlobo ze "zebrin": ama-warts ayo aqhakaza, kanti amahlamvu amakhudlwana, futhi isihlahla sibukeka simangalisa ngokwedlulele. Isihlahla esitsha sinesigaxa esiqondile, kepha ngemuva kwesikhashana siyagoba futhi silale.
I-retus haworthia, noma i-blun
Amapulangwe eshidi wesitashi esingenamizimba agobekile engxenyeni engenhla, afinyelela kubude obungama-50 mm, ebusweni bawo kunamafasitela asobala nemithunzi yombala okhanyayo. Umbala wamahlamvu ungahlukahluka kusuka kubomvu noma ngokuluhlaza okotshani kuya kokuluhlaza. Kunezindlela ezingama-chlorophyll aphansi namafomu ahlukahlukene. Izinhlobo zeGiant zinamaqabunga amakhulu kakhulu amaqabunga, nengxenye engenhla ehlukaniswe ngemithambo.
Isiko elinjalo lingagula kuphela uma kuphulwa imithetho yezolimo. Uma ulandela imithetho yokukhulisa isivuno esinjalo, khona-ke isitshalo ngeke size sigule.
