Edliwayo noma cha isiTatar honeysuckle

Imvamisa kuba khona isimo lapho kudingekile ukukhetha isitshalo esinjalo ukuklama isiza sengadi noma ukudala uthango, olungenakuzithoba futhi oludinga ukunakekelwa okuncane. Kulokhu, kuzoba okulungile ukunaka i-honeysuckle yesiTatar. Lesi sitshalo sidonsela ukunaka ukungabinakho ukuzwela, ukumelana okwengeziwe nesomiso kanye namazinga okushisa aphansi, inhlabathi kasawoti nomoya ongcolile. Kunoma yiziphi, noma izimo ezinzima kakhulu, azilahlekelwa izakhiwo zayo zokuhlobisa.

IHoneysuckle Tatar (ngesiLatini: iLonicera tatarica), endle, yanele isihlahla eside. Ezimweni zemvelo ifinyelela ukuphakama okufika kumamitha angama-4. Ububanzi bokukhula buqhamuka emlonyeni weVolga nokuya empumalanga, kuya e-Asia Ephakathi, nase China. Kukhona iziqu ezingokoqobo, ezingamakhilomitha amaningi ubude, emagqumeni, kuhlala izigodi zemifula kanye nemigwaqo esehlathini yezinyathelo ezinama-steppe nehlathi. I-honeysuckle yesiTatar ivumelaniswe kahle nokukhula kumithunzi. Ngakho-ke, esimweni semvelo, imvamisa idlala indima yangaphansi kwamahlathi anqenqemeni.

Amaqabunga anesimo se-ovoid-oblong, atholakala kuma-petioles amafushane, imvamisa iqabunga ligoqa ngisho nesiqu. I-corolla yezimbali ezinhlobonhlobo zemithunzi ehlukahlukene ukusuka okhanyayo okhanyayo kuya obomvu okhanyayo obomvu. Izimbali zinemilando emibili, ubude ngamasentimitha ayi-1,8, ingxenye engenhla yezindebe ezigelezayo ihlakazeke ngokuqinile ibe ama-blade ambalwa cishe ngaphambi kokuqala komlenze. Izithelo ziyindilinga ngesimo, imvamisa ngombala obomvu okhanyayo, kepha futhi kunezinhlobonhlobo zezithelo eziphuzi. Izithelo zivuthwa kusuka ngoJulayi kuya kuSepthemba.

Izinhlobo ze-honeysuckle ezidliwayo nezihlobisayo

Sekukonke, isayensi iyazi cishe izinhlobo ezingama-200 ze-honeysuckle, njenge-honeysuckle honeysuckle nezinye izinhlobo ezihlobene ezikhula ngendlela yemivini. Kepha ubuningi bezinhlobo ze-honeysuckle zisetshenziselwa kuphela ukuhlobisa, ngoba izithelo zazo azinakubekezeleleka.

Ukuthola izithelo ezidliwayo nezihlwabusayo, ikakhulukazi i-Kamchatka honeysuckle iyatshalwa. Indawo yemvelo yase-Kamchatka's honeysuckle iyi ISiberia eseMpumalanga naseMpumalanga Ekude IRussia, lapho abantu bendawo bezazisa izithelo zayo. Ayaziswa hhayi kuphela ngokuvuthwa kokuqala, ukunambitheka nephunga, kepha futhi nokugcwaliswa okwanele okwanele ngama-anthocyanins, okuthi, uma unomsebenzi obalulekile weP, adlale indima yokwelapha neprophylactic ekudleni kwabantu.

Izithelo ze-honeysuckle yesiTatar azishintshi. Zinezakhiwo ezinobuthi, ngakho-ke awukwazi ukuzidla. Kwesinye isikhathi asetshenziswa komunye umuthi, njengenye yezinto eziyisisekelo, lapho kulungiswa izidakamizwa eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Khula iThoneysuckle kusayithi

I-honeysuckle yesiTatar kulula ngokwanele ukuba ikhule kunoma iziphi iziza zasendlini. Kepha, ngaphandle kwalokhu, kuyadingeka ukuba nolwazi okungenani oluncane ngalesi sitshalo.

Izinhlobo

I-Tatar honeysuckle inezinhlobonhlobo zezimpawu zokuziphatha, okubizwa ngokuthi i-polymorphism: okwamanje ngezindlela ezingaba ngu-12 ziyaziwa ukuthi ziyehluka ngombala kanye nokwakheka kwamaqabunga, izithelo, umqhele, njll.

Kakhulu amafomu okuhlobisa ajwayelekile:

• mhlophe (f. alba) - izimbali eziqhakazile, ezimhlophe;
• izimbali ezinkulu (f. grandiflora) - ezimhlophe, izimbali zikhulu kakhulu;
• ISiberia (ebomvu) (f. Sibirica) - izimbali ezibomvu;
• i-crimson (f. i-punicea) - enezimbali ezi-pink ezicebile namaqabunga amakhulu, aminyene;
• i-wideleaf (f. latifolia) - enamaqabunga amakhulu, afinyelela ku-10 cm, nezimbali ezibomvana;
• i-nyembamba-leaved (f. angustifolia) - enamaqabunga amancanyana nama-corollas ajulile ezimbali;
• phansi (f. nana) - isihlahla esiphansi, esiminyene esinezimbali ezincane ezibomvana kanye ne-ovate-lanceolate, sithinta kancane amaqabunga e-petiole;
• ophuzi (f. lutea) - uthela izithelo ngezithelo eziphuzi.

Besebenzisa izinhlobo zasendle ze-honeysuckle, abalimi bakwazi ukufuya izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokuhlobisa I-honeysuckle yesiTatar, ihluke ngandlela thile komunye nomunye ezimfanelweni zabo. Okusabalele kakhulu kungabizwa ngokuthi izinhlobo ezilandelayo:

1. IHoneysuckle Tatar Rosea - yakha isihlahla esinezimo ezivamile zephiramidi. Izimbali zenzeka ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi. Ama-inflorescence apinki agiqiwe agcina umphumela wokuhlobisa cishe amasonto amabili. Isihlahla ngasinye sine-tint ejulile epinki. Izimbali zeTubular, ububanzi, hhayi ngaphezu kwamasentimitha amabili. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, ifomu elinobuthi, elinemibala e-orange;
2. I-Tatar honeysuckle Hack Red - yakha umqhele osabalalisa kabanzi. Iqhakaza kusuka ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo kuya maphakathi noJuni. Izimbali zinombala onsomi omfushane. Izimbali ziningi kangangokuba kubukeka sengathi isihlahla simbozwe ngumbala onsomi. Izithelo ebumnyameni, futhi ezingenakulungiswa, amajikijolo amaningi abomvu;
3. IHoneysuckle Tatar Elegans ingumbala wamacembe, lapho imivimbo epinki ivelele khona ngemuva kwesizinda esibomvu;
4. I-Tatar honeysuckle Zabelii ivelele ngenxa yezimpawu zayo ezinhle kakhulu zokuhlobisa zezimbali ezinombala ogqamile, futhi izithelo zekhandlela elibomvu elikhanyayo zihlukanisa kahle isihlahla kanye nesizinda sezinye izitshalo ezingomeni.

Ubuchwepheshe bezolimo

Inhlabathi elungiselelwe kahle yokutshala i-honeysuckle, kufanele ikhululeke impelakukhishwe kahle. Phezu kokungabinakusebenza kwalesi sitshalo, akunconywa ukutshala ezindaweni ezomile kakhulu nasezindaweni eziphansi, ezithambekele ekugwinyeni kwamanzi.

Ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo ngazinye e-hedge kufanele libe ngu-0.5 m, ekutshaleni mahhala - 2-2,5 m. Imigodi yokutshala igcwele ngengxube yomhlabathi eyenziwe ngomumo, eyenziwe ngesihlabathi somfula, i-peat yamahhashi nomhlaba we-sod. Ngaphansi komgodi kugcwele ungqimba lwamanzi, acishe abe amasentimitha amane. Lokhu ubumba olwandisiwe lufanelekela kangcono. Ngemuva kokutshala, izithombo zidinga ukuniselwa kakhulu ukuze zisuse imisele yomoya eduze nezimpande.

IHoneysuckle ingatshalwa ngaphandle kokunakekelwa, kepha noma kunjalo, izimfanelo zayo zokuhlobisa nezinsuku zokuqhakaza kwezimbali kuzoncika ezimeni. Ukushiya kuqukethe ukugqoka okuphezulu, ukuthena, ukumanyanisa.

Umanyolo wenziwa ngezigaba eziningana ezilandelanayo:

• ukugqoka okuphezulu entwasahlobo - ngokushesha ngemuva kokuncibilika kweqhwa, ngamanyolo aqukethe i-nitrogen;
• ukugqoka okuphezulu kwehlobo - ngesikhathi sokutshala okusebenzayo kwezihlahla, phosphorus kanye nomanyolo we-potash. Lokhu kuzoba nomthelela ekukhuleni okusebenzayo nokuqhakaza kwezimbali ngokushesha.

Ehlobo elishisayo nelomile ukuthambisa ngezikhathi ezithile kuyinto efiselekayo. Ekwindla, udinga ukugaya umbuthano wesiqu, engeza umlotha wokhuni. Ukumba kwenziwa ekujuleni okungamasentimitha ayi-18, ngoba izimpande zalesi sitshalo zingajulile. Ngemuva kokumba, inhlabathi ihlanganiswe nge-peat. Le misebenzi izokwehlisa isibalo sezilokazane ngonyaka olandelayo.

Ukuthena okwenziwa kahle kwenziwa ngemuva kokuwa kwamaqabunga. Amabhasi amadala avuselelwa kanye njalo eminyakeni emibili kuya kwemithathu. Amagatsha amaShrunken nabagulayo agawulwa kuwo wonke unyaka. Kuyinto efiselekayo futhi ukususa amahlumela kumahlosi aphansi, alala emhlabathini futhi azophazamisa ukunakekelwa kwesihlahla.

Ezimweni zesifunda sethu sezulu, iTatar honeysuckle ayidingi indawo yokuhlala ebusika, ngoba iyabekezelela ukubanda. Kuphela kwesinye isikhathi amathiphu wamagatsha alimala kancane yiqhwa, okungathinti ukuhlobisa kwesihlahla sisonke.

I-honeysuckle yesiTatar ithinteka kakhulu yizilokazane nezifo. Imvamisa, izithombo zithinta i-honeysuckle aphid, ukulwa nazo ezisebenzisa imvelo (ukumiliselwa kwepelepele elishisayo, ugarliki, ukubhema ugwayi) (ezinotshani abancane kanye nesikhwanyana esincane) noma amakhemikhali ("Actellik", "Aktara", njll.) Ama-insecticides. Ngeke futhi, izitshalo zingonakaliswa yi-honeysuckle kanye nezindawo zesicabucabu, imibuthano ehlukahlukene nama-pseudopods nezinambuzane ezidla amaqabunga (amacimbi enundu, amabhungane amabhungane amaqabunga, njll.). Akunangozi kangako ukungabi yizikhunta (ezinye amabala, i-powdery isikhutha) kanye nezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane (i-mosaic, igciwane elivusa ukwakheka "kwemishanelo yabathakathi").

Ngokunokwenzeka ukumelana okuphansi kwamagciwane - Ububi main zalesi sitshalo. Ngokunqotshwa okukhulu kwezifo nezinambuzane ezithile, kanye negciwane, izitshalo ziyafa ngokuphelele. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, kusetshenziswa amalungiselelo amakhemikhali - i-safeto-acaricides (yokulwa nezinambuzane kanye nezikhaza) nama-fungicides (okulwa izifo). Kepha akufanele sikhohlwe ukuthi izitshalo ezilungiswe kahle zinokungazethezeki okuphezulu, ngakho-ke, isikhali esihle kakhulu sokuvikela ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni ukunakekelwa okuyikho futhi okufika ngesikhathi.

Yonke imikhiqizo kanye namalungiselelo okulawulwa kwezinambuzane nezifo ezahlukahlukene kumele kuthengwe kuphela ezitolo ezikhethekile bese ulandela ngokunembile izincomo eziboniswe kwimiyalo enamathiselwe.

Ukuzala

Ukukhiqiza kabusha i-honeysuckle yesiTatar, ungasebenzisa:

1. ukusika okuluhlaza okotshani;
2. imbewu;
3. Ukwehlukanisa isihlahla kuyisihlahla esivuthiwe;
4. ukusakazwa ngendlela yokwakha.

Okokusika okuluhlaza amahlumela aqinile alo nyaka aqokwa futhi aba yizicucu, acishe abe ngu-10 cm. Kuhle futhi ukusebenzisa ukusika ngesithende, kudwengula ingxenye engezansi yomdubulo kusuka ekubulaleni konyaka odlule.

Izinto zokutshala zibekwa ngokungacacile (i-angle engaba ngu-45 °) engxenyeni yenhlabathi ye-peat nesihlabathi esibunjiwe (isilinganiso: 1: 3). Ifilimu lifakwe ngenhla kwezihlahla ezisikiwe, ezenza sikwazi ukugcina umswakama womoya nenhlabathi edingekayo ukuqala ukwakheka kwezimpande. Izimbambo zidinga ukuvikeleka elangeni, zingene umoya ngezikhathi ezithile, ziniselwe futhi zifafazwe, kepha hhayi kaningi (ukuze kugwemeke ukubola). Ngemuva kwamaviki amabili ukuya amathathu, ngokunakekelwa okudingakalayo, izimpande ziqala ukwakheka.

Ukusika okugxilile musa ukufakelwa emhlabathini ngokushesha, njengoba uhlelo lwazo lwempande lusalokhu lubuthakathaka, futhi nangoshintsho olungazelelwe lokushisa emhlabathini, angakwazi "ukusunduzelwa" phansi bese womile. Kungcono kakhulu ukushiya okutshale ngaphambi kobusika endaweni ebamba ukushisa noma endaweni ebamba ukushisa, futhi ngaphambi kokwehla okukhulu kwezinga lokushisa, susa ifilimu bese uwafudumeza nge-lapnik kuze kube sentwasahlobo. Ngonyaka wesibili, ama-cuttings atshalwa endaweni ehlelekile engadini, futhi futhi, ngemuva konyaka, izinhlobonhlobo eziqine sezivele ziyaqhakaza.

Izitshalo ezivuthiwe, okungenani iminyaka emi-3, zingasatshalaliswa ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla. Imiphumela emihle inganikeza ukuzala kabusha ngokugoqa.

Ngokusakazeka kwembewu, izimpawu zesitshalo se-uterine ziyahlukaniswa, ngakho-ke angeke zitholwe njalo njengefa. Ngakho-ke, noma ngabe iqiniso lokuthi imbewu ye-honeysuckle yesiTatar kubonakaliswa ukuhluma okuhle kakhulu, noma kunjalo, ukusakazwa kokusatshalaliswa kahle.

Ukusetshenziswa kweTatar honeysuckle

Kuhle ukukhumbula ukuthi lesi sitshalo siyingxenye yeqembu labamele ubuthi bezimbali, ikakhulukazi, izithelo ziyehluka kule mpahla. Kuqoshwe amacala obuthi obunobuthi bezingane ezisebenzisa lezi amajikijolo.

Kepha, ngaphezu kokusetshenziswa kabanzi kwalesi sitshalo ekwakhiweni komhlaba, siyasetshenziswa nakulomdabu nakwimithi yendabuko.

I-Bark ye-honeysuckle yesiTatar Inomphumela we-antibacterial, maqondana nokusetshenziswa kwawo lokhu kudla okuluhlaza okwenziwa ngabaphilisi bendawo ngemithi yokwelapha, engathinta umzimba ngokuphelele lapho kuvela izifo ezithile.

I-tincture, elungiselelwe ngesisekelo saleli bark, nayo inemisebenzi yokulwa ne-trichomonas. Isilinganiso esivela ku-honeysuckle yesiTatar sivame ukusetshenziswa njengekhambi langaphandle ngendlela ye-lotions futhi singasetshenziswa ekwelapheni amanxeba nokuqaqanjelwa.

Kepha nganoma yikuphi ukusetshenziswa kwalesi sitshalo ngezinjongo zokwelapha, kufanele kuboniswane nodokotela ochwepheshe.

Isiphetho

Ukufakelwa kwe-honeysuckle yesiTatar esakhiweni kuzosinikeza ama-aesthetics angeziwe futhi kuzokujabulisa isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokungathobeki kwayo, abukho ubunzima ngokunakekelwa.

Leli siko liwusizo ikakhulukazi kulabo abanikazi bezakhiwo zasengadini abangakwazi ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi emasimini abo okuhlobisa.