I-heliotrope imelelwa yizinhlobo ezingama-250 ezindaweni ezishisayo nezishubile zomhlaba. Ezinye zazo, ikakhulukazi zaseYurophu, zinobuthi ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwe-cinoglossin, i-alkaloid emagqeni angamahlamvu kanye namahlumela, okungadala izifo ezinzima zohlelo lwezinzwa ezilwaneni.
Emkhakheni wezimbali, ikakhulukazi, basebenzisa i-heliotrope yasePeru, eqanjwe ngegama lakubo - iPeru, lapho ikhula ibe ngamamitha ayi-1,9 embozwe ngezimbali ezinhle ezikhipha iphunga le-vanilla. Okungajwayelekile emkhakheni wokulima ama-heliotropes, i-corymbose kanye ne-stem.
Imininingwane ejwayelekile
IHeliotrope Peruvian Kuyinto engapheli eye yathatha isimo sezulu esifudumele njengesitshalo saminyaka yonke, njengoba kwenzeka, ngokwesibonelo, nge-gazania. Amagatsha awo esihlahla esinamagatsha anamanzi aqondile, asakazeka afinyelela ku-60 cm. Amaqabunga aluhlaza, awafani umfaniswano, amnyama mnyama ngaphezulu futhi akhanya ngaphansi, i-pubescent, ibengeziwe. I-inflorescences enobubanzi obude bufika ku-15 cm ifaka izimbali ezincane, ezinamakha, onsomi obumnyama noma obumnyama bumnyama, ziqhakaza kusukela ekuqaleni kwenkathi yehlobo kuze kube yilapho kuqala iqhwa lekwindla.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi iphunga elimnandi le-heliotrope elikhulwe kusuka ezinhlamvwini lilahlekile esikhathini sethu, ngenxa yobukhulu bendlela yokukhetha, okuhlose hhayi ukuthuthukisa izakhiwo ezinamakha, kepha ekwakheni okuhlobisa.
Ngakho-ke, ubukhulu bokunuka kwephunga kungahluka lapho kwenziwa ucwaningo oluningiliziwe ngezinhlobonhlobo ezifanayo, yingakho ochwepheshe ngaphambi kokuthenga izithombo eziqhakaza izimbali bephakamisa ukunuka kwezitshalo - kungenzeka kakhulu, ezinye zazo zizokuhogela ngokusobala.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobo
Izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu zezinhlobo zasePeru ezingadini heliotrope marin. Iyindida impela, enobubanzi be-inflorescence obu-15 cm, izimbali ezimnyama onsomi kanye namahlamvu amnyama aluhlaza okotshani. Ukuphakama okujwayelekile kwezimbali zalokhu okuhlukahlukene kungamasentimitha angama-45-50. Kuthatha izimpande kahle futhi kuqala ukuqhakaza ngonyaka owodwa emva kokuhlwanyela.
I-Heliotrope Sea Breeze - Uhlobo oluhle kakhulu lwe-corymbose. Izimbali zayo ezincane zakha ukukhohlakala kwezimbambo zokukhanya emanzini. Ama-inflorescence ama-Variegated anemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma onsomi, futhi amaqabunga anombala onhlobonhlobo eMarina. Isihlahla sikhula ngo-45 cm kusuka emhlabathini. Le nhlobonhlobo inephunga elimnandi futhi ibukeka kahle emingceleni.
IHeliotrope Odysseus - Lesi isihlahla esinotshani obukhulu obungaphansi kwama-30 cm, sinezimbali ezincane ezinamakha. Iqhakaza ngokucebile futhi isikhathi eside ehlobo. Isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ama-balconies we-landscaping kanye nezingadi zekhaphethi.
I-Heliotrope pubescent - isitshalo esinoshevu esingasetshenziswa noma ngabe kwezolimo, noma kwezinye izindawo. Kuboniswa isiqu esiqhekeziwe esisuka ku-20 kuye ku-50 cm ukuphakama, amaqabunga e-oval noma acishe ayindilinga, izimbali ezincane ezinama-curls eziqongweni zamagatsha nesiqu kolunye uhlangothi nezithelo ezincane ze-pubescent ukubola lapho zivuthwe. Sisatshalaliswa eningizimu-mpumalanga yeRussian Federation, e-Azerbaijan, ikhula emigwaqweni futhi ivimba izitshalo zikakolweni. Uma uthola lesi sitshalo esivandeni sakho sezimbali, yazi - kungcono ukusisusa!
I-Heliotrope hybrid - Ikhula ifinyelela ku-50 cm ukuphakama, ineziqu eziqondile ezihlotshisiwe. Amahlamvu aluhlaza omnyama omude kakhulu yi-pubescent. Izimbali ezincane zakha ama-inflorescence afinyelela ku-15 cm ubukhulu ngombala onsomi, owu-lilac noma omhlophe onephunga elimnandi kakhulu.
Umbala omhlophe ngokuphelele wama-inflorescences ubonakala ngokuhlukahluka heliotrope Alba. Izinhlobonhlobo heliotrope white lady Izimbali zipinki kodwa zibe mhlophe lapho ziqhakaza.
Ukutshala nokunakekela i-Heliotrope
Ukutshala i-heliotrope emhlabathini ovulekile akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kokutshala kokuqala kwezithombo, ngenxa yokuthi ngemuva kokuhluma kuthatha cishe izinsuku eziyi-100 ngaphambi kokuba kwakheke ama-inflorescence. Imbewu kufanele ihlwanyelwe esigabeni sokugcina sasebusika noma ezinsukwini zokuqala zikaMashi ohlakeni olungiselelwe ngokukhethekile oluhlanganisa izingxenye ezine zepuni ngengxenye eyodwa yesihlabathi. Ingxube kumele ibiwe futhi ibalwe impela ukuze ichithe ukhunta.
Ngemuva kokugcwalisa isitsha ngomhlabathi, kunconyelwa ukulilinganisa kahle futhi lihlanganise kancane, bese umane usabalalise imbewu ye-heliotrope ebusweni bese uyifafaza ngaphezulu nomhlaba. Ekamelweni lapho imbewu izokhula khona, izimo zokushisa ziseduze kwamazinga okushisa wegumbi - 18-20 ° C, no-22 ° C - lapho kuvela amahlumela, kufanele kubhekwe.
Ngemuva kokuvela kwamaqabunga ama-2-3, izitshalo zitshalwa ezitsheni futhi ziniselwe kakhulu. Ngesikhathi sokuhluma kwembewu, umswakama womhlabathi ku-greenhouse uyadingeka, lapho inhlabathi ifafazwa kancane. I-heliotrope ingatshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile ezinsukwini zokuqala zikaJuni, lapho ubusuku obupholile buqediwe, endaweni enelanga enamasheya, mhlawumbe inhlabathi evundile negcwele humus. I-heliotrope iyisitshalo esithanda ilanga, kepha ayibekezeleli imisebe yelanga eqondile. Ukuncipha kokuhluma kwesinye isikhathi, ungenza ukuqhakaza kwe-heliotrope kube kuhle kakhulu.
Ukunisela kwe-Heliotrope
Abanye abalimi bakholelwa ngokuqiniseka ukuthi i-heliotrope kufanele ibangelwe izitshalo ezinamandla, kepha lo mbono awuqinisekiswa uma isitshalo siniselwa kahle. Eqinisweni, uthanda umswakama, kepha empeleni awathandi amanzi ngokweqile, ngakho-ke kungcono ukugcina umswakama ofanele womhlabathi - lapho womile, kufanelekile ukuchelela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwakhiwa kwezimo zomswakama ezikhuphuke kancane, okujwayelekile ezindaweni ezishisayo, ngokufafaza kuzohlomula kuphela.
Uma ufaka inhlabathi ngomquba noma nge-peat, kuzoba lula ukunakekela i-heliotrope, ngoba ngeke kudingeke ukhulule inhlabathi kaningi. Inqubo yokukhulula imvelo ngokwayo iyimpoqo, ngoba yile ndlela umhlaba ovikelwa ngayo ekwakhiweni kokuqunjelwa. Inhlabathi evundile nayo ayidingi ukuthambisa kaningi.
Gcina i-heliotrope ebusika
Isitshalo asikwazi ubusika emhlabathini ovulekile. Ngaphambi kokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, wayetshalwa ebhodweni athunyelwe ubusika aye egumbini lokuhlala elikhanyiswe kahle. Ngasikhathi sinye, imbali ivikelekile elangeni eliqondile, ngenxa yokuthi amaqabunga obucayi angathola umthunzi omnyama ongajwayelekile noma aze ashiswe.
Umanyolo we-heliotrope
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwe-Heliotrope kunconyelwa kuyo yonke inkathi, njalo ngesikhawu samasonto angama-2-3. Umanyolo wamaminerali we-Liquid futhi oxutshwe kakhulu axutshwe ngokuphelele nalezi zinhloso. Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2 ngemuva kokuvela kwamaqabunga ama-2-3 kuzithombo, ukukhiqizwa kuqala ukufaka umanyolo wezithombo.
IHeliotrope ekhula kusuka ezinhlanyelweni
Ukusakazwa kwe-heliotrope ngembewu kwenziwa ngoFebhuwari noma Mashi ngenhlanganisela yesihlabathi ne-peat. Amabhokisi ambozwe ngengilazi noma ngefilimu. Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-3-4, izithombo zizovela, lapho-ke udinga ukuhambisa amabhokisi ungene esikhaleni ngokukhanya okusakazekile bese ugcine izinga lokushisa eliseduze kwabo esifundeni sama-22-23 ° C.
Kungcono ukuhambisa ngamanzi okuzinzile endaweni yokushisa yasekamelweni. Ukusakazwa kwembewu kuhlinzeka ngezinto ezinhle kakhulu zokutshala ngezithombo ezikhula ngokushesha, izihlahla ezinkulu, eziqhakaza ekwindla nakuma-inflorescence amancane.
Ukusakazwa kwe-heliotrope ngokusika
Ngokusekelwe kokushiwo ngenhla, singaphetha ngokuthi ama-heliotropes avame ukuzalwa ngokusikwa. Okuhle kunakho konke, ukuthi abantu abadala babhekana nendima yotshwala kamama, ngokunika ukusika kwekhwalithi kwentwasahlobo okuningi kakhulu.
Ebusika, amangqamuzana endlovukazi agcinwa ezindlini zokugcina izithombo, egcina umbuso oshisayo oseduze u-8-15 ° C futhi ukhiqiza ukuthambisa okulinganiselayo. Ukusuka engxenyeni yesi-2 yenyanga yokugcina ebusika kuze kube ngoMeyi, ukusika kusikwa ngokusika amahlumela ngama-3-4 internode, ukusika amaqabunga ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa komswakama
Izimbambo eziphathwa ngamakhambi okukhula zifakwa emabhokisini agcwala nge-humus nesihlabathi ngokulingana (2: 1) futhi zibekwe endaweni engene ekhanyisiwe ngaphansi kwefilimu noma ingilazi. Ngenkathi i-rooting isenzeka, izinga lokushisa lidinga ukuqina ku-22-25 ° C, ngenkathi kuthambisa izitshalo nsuku zonke.
Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-18-25, izimpande zingavela, kanti ukusikeka kufanele kutshalwe emabhodweni we-peat ngamaminerali avundisiwe, isigcawu esithukululiwe, kufaka phakathi i-peat, umhlabathi we-turf nesihlabathi ngokwesilinganiso se-4: 2: 1.
Esontweni lokuqala ngemuva kokufakelwa, izilwane ezincane zigcinwa ezindaweni ezinomthunzi futhi zifafazwe nsuku zonke ngamanzi izikhathi ezingama-2-3. Ukuphindwa okuphindwe kabili kwezithombo kungafinyelela ukubumbana okukhulu kwe-heliotrope endala. Kungcono ukutshala emhlabathini kude ne-15-20 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
- Kuzo zonke izinambuzane zezitha ze-heliotrope, kuyadingeka ukuhlukanisa imbuzane yesicabucabu esinezimbali ethinta amahlumela amancane namaqabunga.
- Ngaphezu kwakho, izifo zingabangelwa ama-whiteflies kanye ne-aphid.
Kungcono ukubhekana nabo bonke besebenzisa ikhambi le- “Actellik”, ukuphinda ukwelashwa ngemuva kwesonto uma kunesidingo. Ngokuphikisana nokubola okungwevu, isikhunta singasetshenziswa.
