Ikhule cishe kuzo zonke iziza zasekhaya, iklabishi yimifino ejwayelekile futhi ethandwa kakhulu kanye namazambane. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlobo nezinhlobo zeklabishi, kepha zonke zingenwa yizifo nezinambuzane ezahlukahlukene. Ngasikhathi sinye, ubunzima obukhulu ekuvikeleni iklabishi ezinambuzaneni ukungathandeki kokusebenzisa ukubulala izinambuzane kunoma yisiphi isigaba sokuthuthuka. Ngakho-ke, lapho uvikela futhi welapha iklabishi, izindlela zokuvimbela kanye nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezibulala zinambuzane kubaluleke kakhulu.
Isifo seklabishi
Phakathi kwezifo eziphambili iklabishi kukhona okulandelayo:
- Ukubola okumhlophe, imithombo yokutheleleka okuyi-mycelium sclerotia.
- Ukubola okumpunga kwenzeka lapho isivuno sigcinwa ngokungafanele.
- I-Kila phakathi kwazo zonke izitha iklabishi iyingozi kunazo zonke futhi yande. Ukutheleleka kwenzeka ngefungus elimaza izimpande.
- Yellowness iklabishi, okubangelwa yi-microorganism yenhlabathi. Ukungena esithelweni ngezimpande noma ngokonakala kweqabunga leklabishi, isikhunta esinjalo sithikameza ukuhamba kwamanzi ezitsheni futhi kubangele ukuba iqabunga liphuzi ngokuthanda kwalo okulandelayo.
- UMosaus weklabishi yisifo esibangelwa amagciwane, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ulwe kuphela ngokuvimbela.
- I-Downy mildew (peronosporosis) ivela emaqabungeni ngesimo sezindawo ezibomvu ngokubomvu ngokuthinta kwe-mycelium engaphansi kwangaphandle.
- Umlenze omnyama uvela ikakhulukazi kuzithombo zezinsuku ezahlukahlukene futhi ubangela ukuba mnyama kwengxenye yesisekelo sesiqu.
Izindlela zokulawula izifo zeklabishi
Ukulwa ngempumelelo nezifo zamaklabishi, okokuqala kubalulekile ukubheka ukuthi zingadalwa okuqukethwe komswakama okuphezulu emoyeni noma kumhlabathi omanzi. Uma unikezwe ukuthi ama-pathogens we-iklabishi angahlala esebenza emhlabathini iminyaka eminingana, kungakuhle ukuthi ushintshe indawo okutshala kuyo iklabishi minyaka yonke, ngokunisela imifino futhi uyondle, kuyivikela ezinambuzaneni. Kusetshenziswa izindlela zokuvimbela, ngokwesibonelo, i-decoction of hot hot, marigolds noma amahashe, ayikwazi ukwelapheka kuphela, kepha futhi ivikelwe nokusakazeka kwezifo.
Into esemqoka impi ehlelekile yokulwa nezifo zeklabishi ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza nokuphuma. Ungabhekana kanjani nesifo esivele sishaye iklabishi kuya ngohlobo oluthile lwesifo esithile.
Ukuze ulwe nokubola okumhlophe, kubalulekile ukugcina ukujikeleziswa kwezitshalo kweminyaka engama-6-7. Okufanayo kunganconywa ukuvikela ukukhula kwe-grey bola. Kepha ukulwa nge-keel, kuwukubhubhisa isitshalo esinezifo nokulima nge-formalin noma i-Bordeaux fluid. Izitshalo ezithintwe yellowness nazo ziyabhujiswa, kuthi ekwindla phatha inhlabathi ngesixazululo se-sulfate yethusi.
Ukuvikela ngokumelene ne-powdery hlobo, ungasebenzisa amakhemikhali akhethekile noma amakhambi abantu. Ukuze ulwe nomlenze omnyama, imbewu yelashwa ngaphambi kokulungiswa kwemvelo noma ngamakhemikhali aphumelela kakhudlwana. Ukubhubhisa izinhlamvu enhlabathini, kubulala amagciwane ngamanzi abilayo, umquba osanda kufakwa noma isisombululo se-potanganum permanganate.
Izinambuzane iklabishi ngesithombe
Izimbangela zezifo zeklabishi zingaba yizinambuzane, phakathi kwezingozi eziyingozi kakhulu iklabishi scoop, iklabishi i-aphid nenundu, kanye nentaba egobayo nezinye izinambuzane.
Isikhunta esibethelayo isiphaphu esincane esinqumayo (2-3 mm); sibonisa ungqimba lomhlabathi ongaphezulu. Ukuze uvikeleke, kuyadingeka ukususa ngokucophelela wonke ukhula ngaphambi kokutshala, futhi esimweni sezulu esishisayo ukumboza izithombo ngento ebonakalayo engasokiwe evumela ukuthi umoya udlule. Lapho kuvela amabafu, amakhambi esintu noma amanye amalungiselelo amakhemikhali ayingozi asetshenziswa.
Iklabishi aphid hibernate esigabeni seqanda kuma-stumps, imbewu yeklabishi nokhula. Ukuvela okukhulu kwama-aphid emaqabungeni ancela i-sap kusuka ezitshalweni kuholela ekuxineni kwekhanda leklabishi, futhi imbewu ayakheki kuma-testes. Vikela ukubonakala kwama-aphid ngokucubungula kahle indawo ngemuva kokuvunwa, ukubhujiswa njalo kokhula. Izinambuzane eziningi ezizuzisayo, ezihehwa izilimo zesambulela (dill, imbewu ye-karoti), zibulala ama-aphid. Ekubukeni kokuqala, ama-aphid abhujiswa ngokusula amaqabunga ngendwangu efakwe emanzini anensipho, kanye nokufafaza i-decoction kanye ne-tinctures eziqongweni zamazambane notamatisi, ugwayi, i-bleached, ugarliki, u-anyanisi nabanye.
Izinambuzane ezi-Cruciferous zinombala ohlukahlukene, kuye ngohlobo lwesiphazamisi. Izimbungulu zabantu abadala kanye nezibungu zazo zibangela ukulimala kwemishini, kumunca ujusi, amangqamuzana abulala amaqabunga. Iklabishi lembungu yisona sikhwanyana esivame kakhulu. Zihlala kakhulu futhi ngesizini eyodwa insikazi ingazalela amaqanda angama-300. Umsebenzi wabo onobungozi uqiniswa ikakhulukazi esimweni sezulu esishisayo nesomile. Izindlela ezinhle kakhulu zokulawula izimbungulu yizindlela zokuvimbela nokusebenzisa izithambisi ngaphambi kokuqala kwezimbungulu. Ukwesabisa kude, kusetshenziswa i-naphthalene, i-fluffy lime, kuhlanganiswa nezinye izithako. Faka futhi ukufafaza ngesisombululo sensipho noma ama-decoctions we-chamomile, iziqongo zamazambane, ama-onion husks. Ngenani elikhulu lezimbungulu, kusetshenziswa amakhemikhali - ama-insecticides.
Ubhungane wamaqabunga eklabishi unendawo enkulu. Ubhungane omncane omise okwamaqanda (3-4,5 cm) udla izimbobo ezinkulu emaqabungeni noma udle eduze kwemiphetho. Izindlela zokulawula inkathazo yendabuko.
Isithelo seklabishi esidala siyibhabhathane ebusuku, kepha isigaba sezinambuzane siyingozi. Ama-Butterflies angabanjwa kuma-molasses noma ngomlilo wamalilo ebusuku. I-trichograph ibhubhisa amaqanda we-scoop, futhi amalungiselelo we-microbiological asetshenziselwa ukucekela phansi amacimbi.
Isikhunta esibethelayo isiphaphu esincane esinqumayo (2-3 mm); sibonisa ungqimba lomhlabathi ongaphezulu. Ukuze uvikeleke, kuyadingeka ukususa ngokucophelela wonke ukhula ngaphambi kokutshala, futhi esimweni sezulu esishisayo ukumboza izithombo ngento ebonakalayo engasokiwe evumela ukuthi umoya udlule. Lapho kuvela amabafu, amakhambi esintu noma amanye amalungiselelo amakhemikhali ayingozi asetshenziswa.
Iklabishi aphid hibernate esigabeni seqanda kuma-stumps, imbewu yeklabishi nokhula. Ukuvela okukhulu kwama-aphid emaqabungeni ancela i-sap kusuka ezitshalweni kuholela ekuxineni kwekhanda leklabishi, futhi imbewu ayakheki kuma-testes. Vikela ukubonakala kwama-aphid ngokucubungula kahle indawo ngemuva kokuvunwa, ukubhujiswa njalo kokhula. Izinambuzane eziningi ezizuzisayo, ezihehwa izilimo zesambulela (dill, imbewu ye-karoti), zibulala ama-aphid. Ekubukeni kokuqala, ama-aphid abhujiswa ngokusula amaqabunga ngendwangu efakwe emanzini anensipho, kanye nokufafaza i-decoction kanye ne-tinctures eziqongweni zamazambane notamatisi, ugwayi, i-bleached, ugarliki, u-anyanisi nabanye.
Izinambuzane ezi-Cruciferous zinombala ohlukahlukene, kuye ngohlobo lwesiphazamisi. Izimbungulu zabantu abadala kanye nezibungu zazo zibangela ukulimala kwemishini, kumunca ujusi, amangqamuzana abulala amaqabunga. Iklabishi lembungu yisona sikhwanyana esivame kakhulu. Zihlala kakhulu futhi ngesizini eyodwa insikazi ingazalela amaqanda angama-300. Umsebenzi wabo onobungozi uqiniswa ikakhulukazi esimweni sezulu esishisayo nesomile. Izindlela ezinhle kakhulu zokulawula izimbungulu yizindlela zokuvimbela nokusebenzisa izithambisi ngaphambi kokuqala kwezimbungulu. Ukwesabisa kude, kusetshenziswa i-naphthalene, i-fluffy lime, kuhlanganiswa nezinye izithako. Faka futhi ukufafaza ngesisombululo sensipho noma ama-decoctions we-chamomile, iziqongo zamazambane, ama-onion husks. Ngenani elikhulu lezimbungulu, kusetshenziswa amakhemikhali - ama-insecticides.
Ubhungane wamaqabunga eklabishi unendawo enkulu. Ubhungane omncane omise okwamaqanda (3-4,5 cm) udla izimbobo ezinkulu emaqabungeni noma udle eduze kwemiphetho. Izindlela zokulawula inkathazo yendabuko.
Isithelo seklabishi esidala siyibhabhathane ebusuku, kepha isigaba sezinambuzane siyingozi. Ama-Butterflies angabanjwa kuma-molasses noma ngomlilo wamalilo ebusuku. I-trichograph ibhubhisa amaqanda we-scoop, futhi amalungiselelo we-microbiological asetshenziselwa ukucekela phansi amacimbi.Pest of iklabishi izithombo
Cishe zonke izinambuzane ezikhona ziyingozi ikakhulukazi kwizithombo zamaklabishi. Ngakho-ke, ukulwa nabo kufanele kuqale ngokulungiswa kwenhlabathi ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela imbewu ku-greenhouse. Ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo, kufanele uyihlole ngokucophelela ukuba khona kwezinambuzane, amabele. Uma kunesidingo, phatha ngesikhathi esifanele nge-infusions kanye nama-decoctions, ahlolwe iminyaka eminingi. Amaresiphi wendlela yokubhekana nezinambuzane nezifo zeklabishi atholakala ngamanani amakhulu ku-Intanethi futhi afaneleke kakhulu kuleli cala elithile.
