Ngolimi lwama-florists, insimbi ikhala ngokungajwayelekile - "Campanula". Leli gama livela egameni lesi-Latin nelesiNtaliyane elithi "campana", elisho "insimbi". Lesi yisimo se-bell nimbus. Lokhu kuyachaza ukuthi kungani eyaziwa ezweni lethu ngaphansi kwaleli gama, elibekwe ngokusemthethweni kubhalwazi lwasekhaya lwezezitshalo.
Kuwo wonke umlando eRussia, insimbi ibilokhu iphathwa ngothando. Lokhu kuphinde kufakazelwe ngamagama othando ayesetshenziswa lapho kukhulunywa ngeCampanul ezindaweni ezihlukile: umhlengikazi, iklabishi, insimbi, i-chenille ... Futhi, ngokweNkolelo yakudala, umuntu unikezwa ukukhala insimbi kanye kuphela ngonyaka - ngobusuku bemilingo ngosuku olwandulela usuku luka-Ivan Kupala .
Incazelo
Kwisitjalo se-bell perennial, isigaxa esilula noma esinamagatsha amafomu amancane asayizi efinyelela ukuphakama okungu-5-150 cm. Amaqabunga anohlelo olujwayelekile, kwezinye izinhlobo anikezwa ngendlela yerosette. Izinhlobo eziningi zentsimbi zinezimbali ezivalo, futhi ezimweni ezingandile kakhulu ziyi-racemose, futhi kunezitshalo lapho ama-inflorescence angashadile.
Izinhlobo zalesi sitshalo zingahluka nge-corolla, engahle ibe nohlobo lomgogodla, obunjwe ngensimbi, obunjwe njenge-funeli, nobunjwe bell. Ukwehluka okungandile kakhulu kuyifulethi ye-whisk futhi icishe ibonakale isondo;- ekugcineni kwezimbali, izithelo ziyavuthwa ngesimo sebhokisi. Inezithombo eziningi ezincane ezigcina ukuhluma iminyaka emi-4. Igremu elilodwa lesisindo lifinyelela ku-4 500 yembewu;
- Izinsimbi zensimu ziyizitshalo eziluhlaza ehlobo, okuqinisekiswa yikhono lazo lokugcina amahlamvu ngesikhathi sokukhula. Ngamanye amagama, izinsimbi ziqala ukukhula okungenani ngamazinga okushisa entwasahlobo ka + 5 degrees Celsius, futhi ukushintshela esigabeni esishisayo kwenzeka lapho iqhwa lokuqala liqala ukungena.
Izinhlobo zalesi sitshalo zingahluka nge-corolla, engahle ibe nohlobo lomgogodla, obunjwe ngensimbi, obunjwe njenge-funeli, nobunjwe bell. Ukwehluka okungandile kakhulu kuyifulethi ye-whisk futhi icishe ibonakale isondo;Ukukhula
Ngokuyinhloko, izimbali zaphakade lingakhula kunoma yimuphi umhlabathiNoma kunjalo, lapha banezinketho zabo. Kunconywa ukuthi batshalwe enhlabathini ephathwe kahle ehlinzeka ngokudonsa okuphezulu, kube nokusabela okungathathi hlangothi noma okuncane futhi kunikezwe umsoco ofanele. Imvamisa, imisele yokudonsa noma amapayipi amanzi ahlelwe ukuxazulula inkinga yokudonsa. Lokhu kumele kwenziwe impela, ngoba ukufiphaza umswakama esikhathini sasebusika kunomthelela omubi kakhulu esitshalweni, ngoba kunengozi yokubola kwezimpande nokubanda. Ezingafanele insimbi yokutshala engadini yizindawo lapho umswakama uqongelela khona emva kwezimvula noma ngesikhathi seqhwa.
Balungiselela isiza sokutshala insimbi kusengaphambili: ngoba lokhu kuyadingeka ukumba umhlaba ngokujula kwama-30-40 cm futhi ususe wonke ukhula;- udaka olusindayo nenhlabathi ethambile idinga isihlabathi no-peat. Ngokunikezwe ukuthi ezindaweni ezinjalo kunenani elanele lezakhamzimba, ungazikhawulela kumthamo omncane womanyolo;
- Ukondliwa kufanele kube kahle lapho utshala insimbi engadini enhlabathini evulekile nenesihlabathi equkethe i-humus encane. Kufanele zivundiswe ngomhlabathi we-turfy, i-peat, humus noma umhlabathi wamachibi kasilika;
- i-peat entsha nomquba kumele kungafakwa kumanyolo asetshenzisiwe, ngoba uma kungenjalo kungavusa ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo zokukhunta.
Balungiselela isiza sokutshala insimbi kusengaphambili: ngoba lokhu kuyadingeka ukumba umhlaba ngokujula kwama-30-40 cm futhi ususe wonke ukhula;Lapho utshala izimbali zaphakade zezinsimbi, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi isitshalo singakhula kahle kuso kuphela ngokungathathi hlangothi futhi okushubile kwenhlabathi.
- ngokutshala insimbi ye-bearded and notched one, kuyodingeka ulungiselele isiza lapho inhlabathi enomthelela omncane we-acid kufanele ibe khona;
- izinhlobo ezikhula ezintabeni zemithi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, indawo yokuhlala engokwemvelo yamawa angenamatshe, izizwa ingcono enhlabathini enezithelo ezincane kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuqala ukutshala, kuyadingeka ukwethula inani elincane lomcako emhlabathini.
Izinhlobo
Uhlobo lwensimbi luhlanganisa izinhlobo eziningi ezahlukahlukene ezihlukile hhayi endaweni yokuhlala, kodwa nakwezinye izici.
UBell Carpathian
Lolu hlobo luvame ukutholakala emadwaleni acwebile nasendaweni ephezulu yezintaba zase-Europe. Ukusuka kubalingiswa be-morphological kufanele ukukugqamisa fibrous mhlophe impande. Lesi sitshalo sakha ama-stems amaningi angama-20-40 cm, ngokuvamile anomumo oqondile, oyi-branched, ngenxa yokuthi ihlathi lithola ukwakheka kwalo okuyindilinga. Amacembe enzelwe inhliziyo atholakala kuma-petioles amade. Okukhulu kunawo wonke - amaqabunga ase-basal, afinyelela kubude obu-5 cm, amaqabunga amancane atholakala ezihlahleni.
Ama-inflorescences akhula eyedwa, abe nobukhulu obukhulu, afinyelele kubude nobubanzi obuyi-3 cm. Umbala wesimo uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ukuqhakaza kwalolu hlobo lwensimbi kuqala ngoJuni-ekuqaleni kukaJulayi, kodwa kakade maphakathi no-Septhemba sekuqala ukubuna. Kuyo yonke inkathi, izimbali zigcina umbala okhanyayo, ogcwele satjani. Esikhathini esisuka ku-Agasti kuya ku-Okthoba, imbewu iqala ukuvuthwa, egcina umthamo wokumila okuphezulu (ufike kuma-90%). Ngokubambezela ekuvuneni, imbewu ingasabalalisa ngokuzitshala.
Insimbi yeNettle
Lokhu kubukwa kuyanqotshwa. emahlathini anemithunzi, ahlanganisiwe. Indawo yokuhlala yakhona yiYurophu, iNtshonalanga yeSiberia, iNyakatho Afrika. Lesi sitshalo saziwa ngabaningi njengensimbi yensimbi enkulu, i-boron, ye-goose, umphimbo obuhlungu kanye notshani obunamathele, obungachazwa ngezimpawu zalo zokupholisa, ngoba busiza ekulweni nasemphinjeni obuhlungu. Ungenza isaladi kusuka emaqabungeni nasezimpandeni zaleli bell, bese kusetshenziswa amaqabunga amancane njengesengezo kusobho seklabishi.
Ikhampasi yaseCampanul
Izindawo ezithandekayo zokukhula zalezi zinhlobo zezintaba ze-limestone zaseYurophu. Ikhula ngesimo sezinambuzane ezimfushane ezinwabuzelayo, lapho kwakhiwa khona izintambo ezinjenge-10-18 cm ukuphakama. Izilokamthi zabantu abadala zivame ukwakha ithala. Umbala obonakalayo wamaqabunga uluhlaza okotshani. Izimbali zensimbi zinombala omhlophe nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, zikhula zivulekile, cha dlula 1 cm ubukhulu, kuvezwe ngesimo sama-inflorescence avele. Isikhathi sezimbali siqala maphakathi noJuni futhi siqhubeke kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Agasti. Ngesikhathi sonke isigaba, kuboniswa izimbali eziningi nezithelo. Kulula ukuzalanisa ngenxa yokuzenzakalelayo. Ungalahlekelwa ukukhanga kwabo kuze kube sekwindla sekwephuzile.
Insimbi inamabala ayi-milky
Imvamisa, lesi sitshalo sitholakala ezindaweni eziphakemeyo, ezinamahlathi nezingaphansi kwezintaba zaseCaucasus nase-Asia Minor. Yisitshalo esinde, esifinyelela kubude obuyi-60-100 cm, inenqwaba yamabhulashi ahlobisa isiqu segatsha engxenyeni ephezulu.
Izimbali zincanyana impela futhi ububanzi bazo abudluli ku-3 cm, zingaba nemibala ehlukene ngaphakathi kusuka kumhlophe ngokumhlophe kuya kofihlo, eyethulwe ngesimo sama-inflorescence abanzi we-pyramidal, afaka kuze kufinyelele kumithunzi eyi-100 ehlukene. Iqala ukuqhakaza ngoJuni-Julayi, lapho izimbali eziningi zivula ngasikhathi sinye. Izithelo ngo-Agasti, lapho imbewu eminingi iqala ukuvuthwa, nayo iyenala.
Iqabunga le-Peach lekhasi
Le nhlobonhlobo yensimbi itholakala kakhulu emahlathini naseziphethweni zamahlathi zaseYurophu, eCaucasus naseNtshonalanga yeSiberia. Ngaphambi kwenkathi yokukhula, abukeka njengama-rosette amaqabunga ayisisekelo, okuthi phakathi nawo ehlobo kukhule isiqu esiqinile esingu-60 cm. Sihlotshiswe ngamaqabunga amancanyana angenamabali amnyama anombala oluhlaza okotshani. Ngaphezulu kwesiqu kukhona izigaxa ezilengiswe zezimbali eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma ezimhlophe. Kwakhiwa i-corolla ezimbalini, enefomu elibunjiwe bell, ifinyelela ububanzi obuyi-3-3,5 cm. Kunokubukwa kwengadi okuhlotshiswe ngezimbali eziphindwe kabili. Izimbali zokuqala zivulwa ngoJuni bese zihlobisa isiza kuze kube sekupheleni kwehlobo.
Ngemuva kokubuna, amahlumela aqala ukubeka izithelo ezibukeka njengamabhokisi aqukethe imbewu eningi, efinyelela esigabeni sokuvuthwa ngo-Agasti-Septhemba. Ezinye izinhlobo ziyakwazi ukuzala kabusha ngokuzenza imbewu. Uma kunesidingo, ungangeza ukuqhakaza kwalezi zinhlobo futhi ugcine izakhiwo zokuhlobisa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kubalulekile ukugwema ukuvuthwa kwembewu, lapho kubalulekile ukususa izimbali ezishwabenezelwe ngesikhathi. Ukuthola imbewu, kunconywa ukushiya izinhlobo ezithile zethenda zekhasi leqabunga. Izithombe zesitshalo cishe azifani nezasekuqaleni.
UBell Pozharsky
Lo mmeleli womndeni uvame ukuhlala emadwaleni ase-calcareous eSouthern Europe naseBalkan. Ngesikhathi sokukhula yakha umcamelo omnyama obude obungu-15-20 cm, ebunjwe ngamacembe enhliziyo emise okwenziwe ngenhliziyo nenhlanganisela enkulu yama-peduncle. Uhlobo lwesimo se-inflorescence lubunjiwe bell obukhulu, icishe ifane ne-stellate. Izimbali zensimbi yePozharsky zinombala okhanyayo we-plum-blue.
Isiphetho
Insimbi ingesinye salezo zitshalo zokuhlobisa okhule uzwakala ngisho nabalimi bezimbali abaqalayo. Lesi sitshalo asinawo ama-inflorescence avelele ikakhulukazi, kepha lokhu akukunciphisi inzalo. Ungakhulisa insimbi endlini eyihlobo, kepha kuyalulekwa ukukhetha indawo efanelekile yokuhlala. Yize lesi sitshalo singanciphisi emhlabathini, ubukhona besakhiwo esivundile buzuzisa insimbi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunakekela ubukhona bemithombo ephezulu, ngoba emhlabathini oshubile lesi sitshalo singafa kalula.
