Phakathi kokudla okuluthwa ezindlini, inhlanzi e-puffy ibizwa ngokuthi enye yezithandwa kakhulu. Lokhu kunamahloni okungathandeki okungapheli, empeleni, kuyamangaza ngesisa sezimbali ezifana ne-violets, kanye nombala ongajwayelekile wamacembe aqhakazile we-lime. Kodwa-ke, lesi sitshalo kwesinye isivame ukuvuthwa hhayi njengesiko lokuhlobisa, kepha njengezilo elikhethekile elingaletha izinsolo ezingalindelekile emaqoqweni wasekhaya. Owesifazane okhuluphekile ngeke aziqhayise ngokuthakasela okukhethekile, kepha kwenza umbono olula ngokukhohlisa futhi uhlangana nokuthandeka kwakhe, ukuthobeka kanye nokukhohlakala. Ama-rosette amahle acocekile wamaqabunga ayindilinga kanye nekhono lokuqhakaza kakhulu ngokunakekelwa okuhle kunika lesi sitshalo i-charm ekhethekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sidlakela sasendlini akukho nzima ukusinakekela.
UZhiryanka (Pinguicula). © earlUkubukeka okuhle kwesivikeli esinolaka
Kuhlobo lwe-puffy perennials eqoqe izitshalo ezingavikeleki zisetshenziswa, okulula ukuthi zikwazi ukubona ngamaqabunga afanayo nezimbali. Naphezu kwemibala ehlukene yezimbali, i-paprika ihlala yenza umbono othinta inhliziyo, omnene. Lokhu okuhlala kungokwalowo womndeni iPemphigus (Lentibulariaceae), futhi ngokuziqhenya kunesimo sesitshalo okuwukuphela kwaso esinezimpande zangempela. Owesifazane we-gingerbread igama lakhe wabonga ngamaqabunga anamanzi kakhulu, ukugoqa okunamathelayo okubonakala kunamafutha impela. Phakathi kwama-floriculturists, i-paprika yaziwa nangokuthi utshani obunamafutha ne-papilla eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
I-Zhiryanka (Pinguicula) - izitshalo zisetshenziswa okungukuthi, yize zinesimo sesiko elingavikeleki, zingaziqhayisa ngokuba khona kwalezi zimpande, ezivumela lesi sitshalo ukuba siphile ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu. Unamahloni kakhulu, unamajusi, ngama-sheen anamafutha, amaqabunga alesi sitshalo avela ngasikhathi sinye ekhanyayo futhi elula. Babuthana endaweni yokucoceka enhle, enhle kakhulu eyisisekelo, ngaphansi kwayo lapho kukhona "isisu samanga". Ama-Elongated-ovoid, onqenqemeni oluyindilinga, ambozwe ngamaconsi amancane okugcotshwa okunamathelayo, okuqinisa izindlala zesitshalo. Yizindlala, ingxenye yazo evikela secretion emumunyu, kanti enye - ama-enzyme wokugaya, futhi anecala lokwebiwa kwezinambuzane ngokweqile. Indlela yokugaya entombini e-gingerbread ifana nesinye isitshalo esingavikeleki - isundew. Kepha kowesifazane ukhukhumala, iqabunga limbozwa kancane, futhi ngokuvamisile lihlala lingakazivezi. Ngenxa yezindlala zokugaya ezisebusweni bamaqabunga, ukunamathisela kuqala ngaphandle kokusonteka. Lapho lesi sinambuzane sihlala emafutheni aluhlaza okobuhle, sidonswa ukuqhuma okumnandi, sinamathela ngokungenathemba, futhi esimweni sem midges emincane, ama-enzyme akhiqizwa yilezi zindlala asisusa ngokuphelele. Kepha ukuhamba kwezinambuzane ezinkulu ezibanjwe ogibeni lomsipha, kufana nokugobhoza kwewebhu, kubangela indlela yokushibilika kwamaqabunga okuhamba kancane kanye nokugquma kancane kancane kwamaprotheni. Akukenzeki ukuthi abatshali bezimbali bathi intombazane ekhuluphele luhlobo lwethayela leVelcro. Kukubambelela kwalesi sitshalo lapho kwakhiwa khona yonke indlela yayo eyingozi. Ekukhuleni kwesitshalo, kunezikhathi ezimbili zokukhula - ezimanzi nezomile. Ama-Zhirianki akhiqiza amaqabunga "okuzingela" ehlobo kanye nama-pubescent amancane ebusika, empeleni angamaphuzu okukhula noma ama-buds; Ngakho-ke, isitshalo esisodwa sakha ama-rosette amabili ngonyaka - ubusika bangempela nobumnandi.
Kodwa hhayi kuphela amathalenta abulala lo siko okudingeka anconywe. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ku-puffy, izimbali zodwa, eziphakeme kwi-peduncle ende, zinhle kakhulu. Zinhle, zilula, zifana kakhulu nama-warts ngendlela, yize uma zihlolisiswa eduze, kuvela isakhiwo esihlukile, bese kuba nezindawo ezimbili eziphakeme nez eziphansi ze-corolla asymmetrically kanye nesikhungo esikhanyayo se-pharynx. Ngobubanzi, izimbali zowesifazane o-puffy zifinyelela ku-2-3 cm. Izinzuzo zesitshalo zingabikwa ngokuphephile nge-paint yemibala ehlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi imibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ne-violet, kanye nemibala emhlophe engafani neyipinki. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, amabhokisi ezithelo aboshwe.
I-Zhiryanka enezimbali ezinkulu (i-Pinguicula grandiflora). © Don PeaceIzinhlobo zama-Fat Amantombazane
Izinhlobo ezingama-65 zezitshalo zihlanganiswe kuhlobo lwe-papillaria. Zonke zazo ikakhulukazi zikhula ezindaweni ezinamadwala anomswakama nezinomswakama. Njengoba i-puffin iyisitshalo esiyinkomba eyinqayizivele, ibucayi kakhulu ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu nasekungcolisweni kwemvelo, ihlushwa ithonya lomuntu ezindaweni ezingamaxhaphozi, lesi sitshalo siyisitshalo esivikelekile futhi ifakiwe kwiNcwadi Ebomvu emazweni amaningi. Izindawo eziphambili zokukhula kwe-puffy emvelweni zifakiwe enanini lezindawo ezivikelwe.
Ngokwesiko lamagumbi, kusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezi-5 zepaprika ezivela eCentral America. Lezi zitshalo, ngokungafani nozakwabo, zivumelaniswa kangcono nezimo zokubumba namazinga okushisa asekamelweni.
I-Moranian Zhiryanka (I-Pinguicula moranensis) phakathi nesikhathi sokukhula kukhiqiza izitolo ezimbili - ihlobo elihle kakhulu futhi elihle ngokubabazekayo nobusika obuncane. Ku-rosette ehlobo, amaqabunga aluhlaza ngokuphuzi noma aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, afinyelela ku-13 cm ubude futhi aqhamuke esesimweni esihle nxazonke esinendawo ebushelelezi enamachaphaza amabala. Kepha ekuphumeni kobusika, amaqabunga afinyelela kubude obungama-3 cm kuphela, ambozwe ngenqenqema enoboya, lapho kungekho gland. Inani lamaqabunga okuphuma kwesinye isikhathi lifinyelela kumakhulu. Izimbali ziyamangaza. Izitshalo zikhiqiza izimbali ezingaba ngu-7 eyodwa ezinobubanzi obufika ku-5 cm ngombala omhlophe noma we-lilac. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zale paprika ezinobumba obuhlukile bamaqabunga - i-paprika Moravian var enamaqabunga amakhulu aqhakazile. moranensis kanye elincane elithobekile Moravian var. neovolcanica.
I-Moranian Zhiryanka (Pinguicula moranensis). © Carlos TatsutaI-Zhiryanka-nxazonke (I-Pinguicula cyclosecta) kungenye yezinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu ezinamaqabunga ama-oval angama-intshi angama-3 cm kuphela futhi iqoqwe ngerosette ecishe ibe yicici, eyindilinga, ihlelwe ngendlela evulekile futhi yenze isitshalo sihlobise ikakhulukazi. Ngenkathi yokukhula, i-puffin ngayinye ishiya amaqabunga angaba ngu-30 esiliva-grey onqenqemeni oluhle lwe-violet-olubukeka lufiphaza maphakathi neqabunga leqabunga. Izimbali ezinkulu ezinkulu ezakhiwe ezintabeni ezinde, ezinobubanzi obungamasentimitha amathathu, ziveza nezinsimbi eziphakeme ezikhudlwana ze-corolla futhi zihlangana ngombala ngombala nemifino ngenxa yephimbo lakhe elinsomi elikhanyayo. Kulokhu, amaqabunga esikeyiphu wesitshalo, ngokungafani nezinye izimbali ze-puffin, akha ngaphansi komhlaba.
I-Roundworm (i-Pinguicula cyclosecta). © Carlos TatsutaGypsum jypsum (I-Pinguicula gypsicola) ngokwemvelo ivumelaniswe kahle nenkampani yama-anculents futhi ivumelaniswa nezimo ezomile eziseduze. I-rosette ethambile, encane, ecocekile ibukeka inesizotha futhi indabekile kunamanye amantombazane. Le nhlobo idinga indlela ehlukile yokuqokwa kokukhethwa komhlaba. Ukuze uthole i-jypsum jypsum, kuyadingeka ukhethe kuphela izingxenyana ezakhiwe ezinengxenye yesihlabathi ne-vermiculite, ngoba lesi sitshalo sisetshenziselwa ukukhula ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukile, edwaleni le-jypsum.
IGypsum gypsum (i-Pinguicula gypsicola). © At0miumI-Alpine Zhiryanka (I-Pinguicula alpina) imelela amaqabunga awo angajwayelekile. Ukuphuma kwalobu buhle kuqukethe amaqabunga amaningi acwebezelayo, ama-obovate angama-sboile anemiphetho engaphezulu egobile, ngombala ophuzi nendawo yokunamathela. Ngobubanzi obungu-1.5 cm, amaqabunga afinyelela ku-13 cm. Izimbali zale papaver, ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo, azithandi, kepha zikhula ngokuqondile. Akhuphuka emigqonyeni yezingubo ezingenalutho ezingaba ngu-12 cm ukuphakama, abonakale nenkomishi engenalutho kanye nama-lobhubesi e-corolla akhombe phezulu. Umbala omhlophe noma okhanyayo ezimbalini, kuyilapho amabala aphuzi akhanyayo ezindebeni eziphansi wona uqobo agcizelela umthunzi ofudumele wombala. I-spur imfushane kathathu kune-corolla yonke. I-Alpine girly imbali blooms ngasekupheleni kukaJuni-Julayi.
I-Alpine Zhiryanka (Pinguicula alpina). © Sylvain BEZYI-Zhiryanka ejwayelekile (I-Pinguicula vulgaris) - ubuhle obunama-oval, bufinyezwe kumacembe asisekelo oyisisekelo, umbala okhanyayo okhanyayo lapho ubonakala ngasohlangothini olungaphezulu kuphela. Ngisho nobubanzi obungu-1-2 cm nobude obungu-2-4 cm, bakha ama-rosette ahlanzekile kakhulu, okuhlobisa. Ukucwebezelwa kwamaqabunga acwebezelayo kunzima ukwenza iphutha lobuso obunamathela. Ezindongeni ezinyawo eziphakeme ezinokuphakama okungu-15 kuya ku-17 cm ubude bufika kuphela cm 3 cm, kepha izimbali ezinhle kakhulu, ezimbozwe izinwele ezimfishane ze-glandular Ifomu le-drooping lizenza zifane nama-violets, kanti i-corolla enombala onsomi kanye ne-spur esime ngendlela ye-awl zigcizelela ubuhle beli mbali. Lesi sitshalo siqhakaza maphakathi nehlobo.
I-Zhiryanka evamile (i-Pinguicula vulgaris). © Martin GreenNakekela owesifazane okhuluphele ekhaya
Akukenzeki ukuthi intombazane enamafutha ibizwa ngokuthi isitshalo esihle kunazo zonke sabaqalayo, noma kunalokho, yokuthola amasiko angajwayelekile. Yize ukubukeka kwakhe kungabonakali njengokufana nezinye izitshalo eziyingozi, kepha futhi akathobeki kakhulu ekunakekeleni nasekubekezeleleni izimo ezinganethezekile kwezinye izitshalo. AbakwaZhirianki bayakwazi ukubekezelela ukuntuleka kokukhanya, akudingi ukwandisa umswakama womoya futhi bazivumelanise nokunisela ngamanzi ajwayelekile, ngokungafani nabancintisana nabo. Yebo, futhi izimbali zowesifazane okhuluphele zihlala zinde kakhulu, kwezinye izinhlobo zokuhluma zihlala ezitshalweni uqobo izinyanga eziyisithupha ezigcwele. Engazithobanga futhi eqinile, le ngane ikhombisa amakhono amangalisayo okuguquguqukayo, futhi noma ikhombisa ukuthambekela kwemvelo ngesizotha, ingakhuphula kalula izimbangi zayo nobungani bayo kubatshali bezimbali.
Ukukhanyiselwa kwabesifazane abanamafutha
Amandla okukhula ngisho nasekukhanyisweni okungekuhle kungenye yezinzuzo eziphambili zowesifazane onamafutha. Eqinisweni, kulesi sitshalo, amahora amathathu "wemodi" yelanga ngosuku yanele. Amahora ambalwa wemisebe ehlakazekile ekuseni noma yelanga kusihlwa izoqinisekisa ukukhula kwayo okujwayelekile nokuqhakaza okuhle. Owesifazane onamafutha akathandi ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo, ikakhulukazi ukukhanya kwemini. Ilanga lingadala ingozi enkulu kunazo zonke kulesi simila ehlobo lapho ligcinwa emazingeni okushisa ashisayo. Kungcono ukugcina leli siko liphazamisa ukukhanyisa kumafasitela asempumalanga nasentshonalanga, noma ngaphakathi elingaphakathi kwamafasitela aseningizimu. Leli siko liphendula kahle ekukhanyisweni okufakwayo futhi lingaqukatha kuma-terrariums kanye nama-florariums e-backlit. Kwentombazane ekhuluphele, asikho isidingo sokulungisa ukukhanyisa ngenxa yokuhluka kwesizini. Leli siko alinakuma isithunzi esijulile, kepha ngasesimweni esithe xaxa lizizwa likhululekile.
AbakwaZhirianki abathandi ukuthuthwa kwesihlobo sesitshalo emthonjeni wokukhanya. Embizeni, ungenza inothi lokugxila endaweni hhayi ngokunwebisa isitshalo ngengozi.
Ukwakheka kwesinkwa se-gingerbread. © arnaud dalmaisUkushisa okunethezekayo
Kuzo zonke izinhlanga ezingavikeleki, i-paprika ivumelana kangcono nezindawo zokushisa zasendlini. Kulesi sitshalo, okuqukethwe okulungile kubhekwa njengokushisa kuma-25 kuya ku-35 degrees Celsius ehlobo kanye nama-degree Celsius angama-15-18 ebusika. Kudingeka ubusika obupholile, kwanele okungenani ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa ngemuva kokuthi isitshalo sikhiphe amaqabunga ebusika. Kulokhu, izimo zingahluka futhi zishintshe. Lokho owesifazane onamafutha angeke akubekezelele ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa elingaphansi kwama-15 degrees. Ukuphela kwesimo okungafanele usikhohlwe ukuthi okungenani kufanele kube nokushintshashintsha okuncane phakathi kokushisa kwelanga nobusuku. Kulokhu, ama-puffy afana kakhulu nama-orchid. Ngokuyisisekelo, umehluko phakathi kokushisa kobusuku nemini kuyadingeka ekuqhakazeni okuthe xaxa futhi okude. Yize kungamahlamvu, ukuguquguquka okunjalo kuyazuzisa.
Enye yezimo ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuqhakaza okuphumelelayo kowesifazane onamafutha ukuqinisekisa umoya omncane njalo. Leli siko lokuphinga limane nje lifinyelela ukufinyelela komoya omusha, hhayi ngoba izinambuzane zingafinyelela ngale ndlela kuphela. Ekuthuthukisweni okujwayelekile, kuyadingeka ukunikeza umoya omncane nsuku zonke. Ngenhlanhla, lesi sidlakela esidla izimbotshana asesabi ukubhalwa phansi, ngaphandle kwezinga lokushisa elinamandla kakhulu ngenxa yomoya obandayo.
Ukunisela nomswakama
IZhiryanka, njengabanye abahlaseli abangaphakathi, ithanda ukunisela ngamanzi ampompozayo. Kepha ngokungafani namanye amasiko angavikeleki, kungaqhamuka namanzi ahlukile. Ikakhulu, lobu buhle obunesizotha obunokuthambekela kokuxuba bungathelwa ngamanzi emvula. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, owesifazane okhukhumezayo angajwayela ngisho nokuthola amanzi okuvikela amanzi ompompi, yize kunjalo, kungcono ukungafinyeleli ngokweqile okunjalo. Isici esiyinhloko sokunisela sowesifazane esinamafutha yisidingo sokukuhambisa kuphela ngepallet. Kulesi sitshalo, kuphela ukuchelela okungaphansi kufanelekile, izinqubo zakudala zingabulala isitshalo. Ukunisela kuyenziwa, kugcina umswakama ohlala njalo we-substrate. Ebusika, kuncishiswa ngokuhambisana nezinga lokushisa lokuqukethwe kanye nezinga lokomiswa kwenhlabathi. Imvamisa elandelwayo yezinqubo yizinsuku eziyi-1-2 ehlobo nesikhathi esingu-1 ngeviki ebusika.
Njengezitshalo eziningi ezihlwaya umzimba, izinhlanzi ze-puffin zisabela kabi kumswakama ophansi. Ngenxa yokugoqa okunamathelayo emaqabungeni, kwenqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukufafaza lesi sitshalo, ukusibeka eshaweni noma enye inqubo, lapho amanzi engena amapuleti weqabunga neziqu. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukwandisa umswakama ube isilinganiso esijwayelekile sokuqhakaza okugcwele kakhulu ukufakwa kwama-humidifiers, ukufezekisa izinkomba okungenani ezingama-40% (kodwa kungcono ukuhlinzeka izinkomba ze-60-70%). Kungenxa yangempela yothando lomkhathi olunomswakama lowesifazane onamafutha azizwa emuhle kakhulu e-terrarium.
I-Zhiryanka evamile (i-Pinguicula vulgaris). © Michele ZanettiUmanyolo wabesifazane abanamafutha
Njengezinye izitshalo ezingavikeleki, i-puffy ayidingi ukuvundiswa nhlobo. Ukuphela kwendlela yokondla izitshalo ngezinambuzane, ukubeka izingcezu zezithelo ezisikiwe noma ezonakele eduze kwesivuno ukuheha izimbotshana zeDrosophila midges. Kodwa izinyathelo ezinjalo azidingekile nhlobo, ikakhulukazi ngoba zingathinta isimo sezulu sekamelo. IZhiryanka ngokwayo izokwazi ukubhekana ngokuphelele nomsebenzi wokuheha izinambuzane ezahlukahlukene kuwo, ikakhulukazi, kuzokusiza ukuqeda omiyane.
Transplant kanye substrate
Kulesi sidlwengu esihle, kuyadingeka ukhethe izingxenyana ezisezingeni eliphansi ze-acid ezamasiko angavikeleki. Imvamisa, i-substrate elula isetshenziswa, equkethe i-peat ne-perlite ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo noma equkethe okuphindwe kabili kukhulu kwengxenye yokukhulula. Esikhundleni se-perlite, ungasebenzisa isihlabathi samalahle, kanye ne-vermiculite noma ezinye izengezo, kepha noma kunjalo isesigabeni esikhethekile sabanukubezi lapho intombazane enamafutha izizwa ikhululekile kakhulu. Isitshalo sitshalwa ngemvamisa yesikhathi esingu-1 ngonyaka noma ngezinhlobo zabantu abadala - isikhathi esingu-1 ngeminyaka emi-2. Intombazane ye-gingerbread ikhula kancane, empeleni ayithuthukisi inhlabathi, idinga ukuqhakaza izimbali. Kungcono ukushintsha amakhono maphakathi no-Mashi: ngaphambi kokufika kwehlobo, izitshalo kumele zibe nesikhathi sokujwayela.
Ukudluliselwa kwe-puffy kungenye yezinqubo ezilula kakhulu zezimbali zasendlini. Kwanele ukumane uthathe lesi sitshalo kanye nenhlama yenhlabathi futhi ngokucophelela, ususe ngesandla isigaxa sezimpande. Esitsheni esigcwele ngokuphelele izingxube zomhlaba, yenza ukudana okuncane kulungele uhlelo lwezimpande lwesitshalo sakho. I-gingerbread ibekwe ngokucophelela e-recess, i-substrate idalulwe futhi kufanele iniselwe ngamanzi afakwe emanzini.
Masinyane ngemuva kokufakelwa, kuyadingeka ukubeka intombazane encane enamafutha endaweni ekhanyayo ngokugqamile futhi wandise umswakama (ungabeka inyamazane engaphansi kwehod).
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Enye yezinzuzo ezingabazeki zowesifazane onothile ukungangeneki ngokuphelele kwezinambuzane nezifo zasendlini.Noma isiphi isinambuzane esingena endaweni ye-girder sizoba yisisulu salesi simila esihle, yize sihle kakhulu. Ngakho-ke ungakhohlwa ngokuvimbela nokulawula.
Ukuqoqwa kwabesifazane abanamafutha. © QuentinUkuzala
Naphezu kwesimo somphangi, kulula kakhulu ukusakaza intombazane enothile - ngokwehlukana, ukusikwa okunamahlamvu, imbewu.
Imbewu yezitshalo ihlwanyelwa endimeni ejwayelekile yamantombazane e-puffy, egcina kuphela umswakama okhanyayo womhlabathi, kepha inomswakama omningi kakhulu womoya. Ukuhluma kuvame ukuthatha amasonto ambalwa, emva kwalokho izitshalo ezincane kufanele zidluliselwe ngokushesha emabhodweni ahlukene.
Ungathola izitshalo ezintsha kusuka ebusika noma amahlamvu. Ukulungiselela ubusika, ipapaver yakha indawo entsha yokuphuma, engahlukaniswa izingxenye eziningi futhi itshalwe njengezitshalo ezizimele. Kepha lokhu kumele kwenziwe ngaphambi kokuqalwa kwentwasahlobo kokukhula kuqala. Izimbambo ezinamaqabunga ezivela emaqabunga ebusika nazo zigxile kumswakama ophezulu kakhulu ku-peat emsulwa noma ingxube ye-peat nesihlabathi.
