Ukuqala ukuhlobisa isiza sakho, kudingeka ungazi ukuthi ungaphula kanjani ingadi yezimbali kuphela, kodwa nokuthi ungazinakekela kanjani izitshalo ezitshaliwe. Ngokunikezwa kwezilimo ozihlwanyelayo, inqubo yezolimo yokulima izoncika. Ungazami ukutshala izimbali zikhulu ngangokunokwenzeka, ngoba unyaka nonyaka izokhula zikhule zibanzi, okusho ukuthi zizodinga isikhala esithe xaxa.
Ngaphambi kokuhlela ingadi yezimbali, khetha indawo efanelekayo yalokhu. Ezimweni eziningi, kufanele kukhanye kahle futhi kuvikelwe emimoyeni enamandla. Akunandaba noma ngabe ufuna ukuhlela umbhede owodwa wezimbali noma ubeke imibhede emincane eminingana esakhiweni esikhethiwe, umsebenzi wokulungiselela uyoba okufanayo kunoma yikuphi.
Ngaphambi kokuphula ingadi yezimbali esizeni, pre-sketch esiqeshini sephepha umdwebo wendawo yezimbali nokutshala kokuhlobisa esizeni. Qinisekisa ukukhombisa igridi nge-footage, amagama ezitshalo nendawo akuyo.
Ukuhlelwa kwengadi yezimbali ezweni: ukudlulisela igridi kusuka ezinhlelweni ukuya entweni
Ngemuva kokuqalwa kohlelo lokuhlelwa kwengadi yezimbali, kufika isikhathi sokuyisebenzisa, njengoba besho. Ukuze wenze lokhu, usebenzisa induku yokhuni, udinga ukudlulisa igridi esuka ohlelweni iye endaweni ekhethiwe, bese ubeka imininingwane ngemibhede yombhede wezimbali esizayo. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, hlola imigqa esigcawini ngasinye secebo ngemigqa kuseli ngalinye legridi edonswe phansi. Yenza uhlaka oluphelele lwensimu ngayinye yezimbali icace bha ngokubeka intambo ebanzi phezu kwayo.
Ukuze uthuthukise ingadi yezimbali njengoba ubuchwepheshe obulungile buveza, ukuhambisa izinyathelo ezimbalwa noma ukukhuphuka, hlola ukunemba kwezimo futhi, uma kunesidingo, yenza ukulungiswa. Ngemuva kwalokho, bamba umhlaba engadini yezimbali, okokuqala usike inhlabathi eceleni kwe-contour, bese uyimba ngaphakathi kombhede wezimbali.
Lapho uhlela ingadi yezimbali ngezandla zakho, susa ngokuphelele izimpande kusuka ezitshalweni ezedlule. Bamba i-groove encane emaphethelweni, bese ufaka umngcele kuyo. Kufanele ikhuphuke i-10-12 cm ngaphezu kobuso bomhlaba.
Ngaphambi kokutshala izitshalo ukuphula ingadi yezimbali ezweni, udinga ukwenza umanyolo enhlabathini ephathisiwe. Inhlabathi enobumba obukhulu, kanye nenhlabathi enesihlabathi ne-peaty, zidinga umanyolo we-organic kanye ne-mineral ngokufakwa komquba. Ngemuva kwalokhu, bamba umhlaba futhi, bese uwukhulula ngokuphelele.
Lezi zithombe zibonisa ukuthi ungaphula kanjani ingadi yezimbali esakhiweni:
Ungaphula kanjani ingadi yezimbali ezweni: ukukhethwa kwezitshalo ezinhle (ezinesithombe)
Akwanele ukugcina ubuchwepheshe obulungile bokuhlela ingadi yezimbali - kuyadingeka ukuthola ukuthi hlobo luni lwesitshalo olukhethwe kahle ngokutshala isikhathi sokuphila. Kunamaqembu amakhulu amathathu - unyaka nonyaka, ama-biennials kanye nama-perennials. Ukuqhakaza kuqala kudlula kungakapheli isizini eyodwa ngemuva kokutshala. Ama-biennials kanye nama-perennials ngokuvamile aqhakaza ngonyaka wesibili.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zembewu yezitshalo zaminyaka yonke emakethe yanamuhla, ngakho-ke ukukhetha kuyacebile kakhulu. Zingatshalwa ngesimo sezithombo noma kutshalwe ngokushesha emhlabathini. Ngemuva kokutshala, ngemuva kwamaviki angama-7, izitshalo eziqhakazayo ziqala. Ezinye zazo ziyaqhakaza kuze kube sekwindla.
Ama-perennials nawo abhekwa njengonyaka, okuthi ngenxa yesimo sezulu sendawo ethile angashiyi ebusika endaweni evulekile.
Umjikelezo wempilo biennial uyaqhubeka iminyaka emi-2. Ngonyaka wokuqala, avela amaqabunga, futhi ukuqhakaza kuqala ngonyaka wesibili.
Ama-perennials, noma kunjalo, kungashiwo ukuthi abathobeki kakhulu, ngoba bese bekhula endaweni efanayo iminyaka eminingi, ngaphandle kokudinga ukufakelwa noma yiluphi uhlobo lokunakekelwa.
Ama-perennials ngokuvamile aqhakaza ngonyaka wesibili noma wesithathu wokuphila kwabo. Zikhula emhlabathini ompofu, eduze echibini elisethunzini, imvamisa lezi zitshalo zihlobisa ama-alpine slides.
Ukwephula ingadi yezimbali kahle, njengoba ubonile ezithombeni ezinhle, kungcono ukutshala izinhlobo zezitshalo ndawonye: ngoba zonke izimbali ziqhakaza ngezikhathi ezihlukile, umbhede wakho wezimbali uzowujabulisa iso sonke isikhathi sonyaka.
Ukuzala kabusha kwezitshalo zisetshenziswa kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa ama, nezilimo eziyizigaxa, imbewu, ukusikwa kanye nendlela yokuhlukanisa isihlahla. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ama-perennials amaningi awadingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, indlela ekhethekile iyadingeka ukukhulisa u-anyanisi ne-tuber.
Bheka isithombe ukuthi ungaphula kanjani ingadi yezimbali ezweni nokuthi izitshalo zingatshalwa kanjani:
Ungayihlela kanjani ingadi yezimbali: izitshalo zokutshala
Manje yisikhathi sokutshala izitshalo. Lapho uhlela ingadi yezimbali ezweni, unyaka nonyaka kuvame ukuotshalwa ezihlahleni zezimbali ngoMeyi, kodwa, ezinye izitshalo zonyaka ziqhakaza kahle uma imbewu ihlwanyelwa ngqo emhlabathini, kuthi emva kokukhula - kuphole. Ukuhlwanyela kungenziwa ubusika. Kulokhu, imbewu ihlwanyelwa ngasekupheleni kuka-Okthoba noma ekuqaleni kukaNovemba.
Izilimo eziphilayo kufanele zitshalwe enhlabathini ngo-Agasti noma Septhemba (lokhu kwenziwa ukuze izitshalo zikhule ngokushesha). Ngaphezu kwalokho, zingatshalwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
Ukutshala kwezitshalo zisetshenziswa emhlabathini kwenziwa ekwindla nangesikhathi sentwasahlobo. Into esemqoka ukuthi lesi sitshalo sinesikhathi sokuthatha izimpande ngaphambi kwesithwathwa sokuqala sekwindla.
Izilimo ze-bulb zitshalwa embhedeni wezimbali ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti noma ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba.
Uma ingadi yezimbali incane ngosayizi, kungcono ukutshala izitshalo zezinhlobo ezimbili noma ezintathu kuzo ezihlanganisa kahle hhayi ngombala kuphela, kodwa futhi nangokwezimbali, kanye nokuba nomthelela omuhle komunye nomunye lapho ukhule ndawonye. Uma kwenzeka ungakwazanga ukukhetha izitshalo eziqhakaza ngasikhathi sinye, ungatshala ingadi yezimbali ngamakhambi amnandi angalahli ukubukeka kwawo okuhle noma ngabe kungekho zimbali kuwo.
Ungaphula kanjani ingadi yezimbali esizeni nokuthi ungayinakekela kanjani
Lapho uhlela ukuphula ingadi yezimbali ngezandla zakho, kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi udinga ukuyinakekela njalo. Okokuqala, kuphathelene nokunisela. Izitshalo ziniselwa ngokushesha nje ngemuva kokutshala, noma ngabe inhlabathi inomswakama ngokwanele. Izilimo zonyaka zidinga ukuniselwa nsuku zonke zize zimile, bese kuthi olunye usuku. Izitshalo zasendulo zidinga ukuthambisa njalo ngonyaka wokuqala, futhi eminyakeni elandelayo - kuphela ngesikhathi sesomiso.
Ukuchelela izitshalo kubalulekile ekuseni noma kusihlwa, lapho ilanga liphansi ngenhla komkhathi. Ukunisela emini akwenziwa ngenxa yokuthi izilimo zingashiswa, nenhlabathi ingaqhekeka.
Ukunakekela ingadi yezimbali, udinga ukuyicoca ngezikhathi ezithile kusuka kumaqabunga omisiwe neziqu, ususe ama-inflorescence amadala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukhula njalo lombhede wezimbali ukhulule inhlabathi kuzo, ukondla izilimo ngaphezulu. Ukususa ukhula nokudambisa umoya kuyadingeka ukuze kugcinwe umswakama enhlabathini, kanye nokugcina ukushintshisana komoya.
Khulula umhlabathi ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile ngemuva kwemvula enkulu noma ukuthambisa. Ukutshala minyaka yonke kwenziwa kububanzi obungama-5 cm, ama-perennials kuya ekujuleni kwama-10 cm.Ukugwema ukulimala ezimpandeni zezitshalo ezisencane, inhlabathi eseduze nezihlahla idedelwa ekujuleni okungadluli ku-3 cm.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwezimbali zezimbali nezokuhlobisa imvamisa kwenziwa ngaphandle kokusebenzisa umanyolo wamaminerali nowokuphilayo. Njengomanyolo we-organic, kusetshenziswa isixazululo somquba wezinkomo kanye nokulahlwa kwenyoni okuhlanganiswe namanzi.
Lapho uhlela futhi unakekela ingadi yezimbali endaweni eyakhiwe ngayo indlu, kusetshenziswa umanyolo wamaminerali enhlabathini zombili ngendlela eyomile nangendlela ewuketshezi (isixazululo). Umanyolo onjalo ulungiselelwe kusuka kulezi zinto ezilandelayo: 25 g we-ammonium nitrate, 50 g we-superphosphate, 15 g womanyolo we-potassium (nge-1 m2). Ukugqoka okungaphezulu kwe-Liquid kunomthelela onamandla, kepha khumbula: akwamukeleki ukuthola amaqabunga, kanye nezimpande zezilimo.
Ukondla izitshalo zonyaka kwenziwa emavikini amabili ngemuva kokutshala, bese kuthi emva kwenyanga eyi-1. Izitshalo zasendulo zidinga ukufaka umquba izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngonyaka ngamunye. Isikhathi sokuqala kwenziwa ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo, esesibili - ngaphambi kokuba izitshalo ziqhume, kanti okwesithathu - ekugcineni kokuqhakaza kwazo.
