Ngaphandle kwama-inflorescence abukeka njengama-spike ama-spike angaxaka, kunzima ukucabanga izingadi zezimbali emasimini akho kanye nemibhede yezimbali yasemadolobheni. Izimbali ezinde nezithandekayo ezigelezayo, ezingafuneki enhlabathini nasekuthaleni, zijwayele abalimi abaningi. Kepha bambalwa abantu abasola ukuthi izinhlobo ezingamakhulu amaningana nezinhlobo ze-salvia zensimu zingezohlobo oluhle kakhulu oluyi-salvia. Phakathi kwazo kukhona i-salvia officinalis.
Ungowomndeni wezitshalo zaseLamiaceae zohlobo lweSalvia ezitholakala emhlabeni wonke ukusuka eYurophu, eSiberia eseMpumalanga nase-Asia kuya ezwekazini laseMelika. Iningi lazo zingama-perennials afinyelela ku-120 cm ukuphakama, ngeziqu ezicijile zimbozwe ngamaqabunga ama-oblong futhi zinezindebe ezimbili, zibuthene kuma-inflorescence abunjwe ngespike. Imbewu evela ezitshalweni ezitshaliwe nezisendle zivuthwa kungakapheli inyanga ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali kuze kube yiminyaka emithathu ingasetshenziselwa ukutshala.
Amaqabunga ezinhlobonhlobo eziningi ze-salvia aphakama ephelele noma, ngokuvamile, yi-cirrus. Imibala yezimbali ayikhawulelwa kokubomvu okujwayelekile okukhanyayo. Lokhu kungcono ngaphandle komthetho. Izinhlobo zasendle zimatasa ngokunotha kwephalethi ukusuka kokumhlophe kuya kofeji onsomi, yingakho benesifiso esikhulayo kubalimi. Kepha ngokwesiko, igama elithi "Salvia" ligxile ngokuqinile ezinhlotsheni ze-salvia sparkling, kanti nezitshalo ezinamakhekhe aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-sage.
ISalvia icwebezela: isithombe sezimbali ISalvia iyakhazimula
Izinhlobo ezidumile kakhulu zohlobo lwensimu yaseSalvia ngumdabu waseBrazil, osetshenziswe emasikweni iminyaka ecishe ibe ngu-200. Ezweni, izihlahla noma izitshalo ezingama-herbaceous ezineziqu ezinzima ze-tetrahedral zingafinyelela ku-20-80 cm ukuphakama futhi ziqhakaze ngama-masse phakathi ehlobo nasekwindla.
Ngaphambi kokuqala komsebenzi wokuzala osebenzayo wokuxubha ngebhulashi eliqhakazile le-salvia, isithombe sezimbali zazo namuhla ezixakile ngokunotha kwemibala nobukhazikhazi bama-inflorescence, bekungasimanga kangako. Esetshenziselwe ukulima abalimi bekuyizinhlobo kuphela ezinombala obomvu wama-corollas nezinkomishi, zihleli ngokukhululeka emzileni.
Namuhla, ngaphezu kwezimbali ezibomvu, umuntu anganda ngokuthola i-salvia brilliant white, lilac nsomi kanye nombala wethoni ezimbili.
ISalvia officinalis (iSalvia officinalis)
ISalvia officinalis - i-sage, eyaziwa kakhulu ngabantu isikhathi esingaphezu kwenkulungwane, isetshenziswa kwezokwelapha, ngamakha nasekuphekeni. Izwe lakulesi sitshalo liyizifunda zaseMedithera kanye nesifunda sase-Asia Minor. Ezimweni ezinhle, isihlahla sangaphambi kwesikhashana sifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha, kanti eRussia ingatshalwa kuphela ngezithombo njengesitshalo sonyaka.
I-Sage ihlukaniswa kalula ngamaqabunga e-silvery abade ne-violet, eqoqwe kuma-inflorescence ama-vertical aqonde ngezimbali.
Ukubuka okwenziwe ngemithi kwe-salvia nezinhlobonhlobo engadini enamaqabunga ahlukahlukene, kuqhakaza phakathi ehlobo.
ISalvia red (iSalvia coccinea)
Ngokwesithombe sezimbali, i-salvia ebomvu ifana kakhulu ne-sage yezokwelapha nesihlobo sayo esisebenza kahle - i-salvia ecwebezelayo. Isihlahlana esivela eBrazil emazweni aseYurophu naseRussia sitshalwa njengonyaka, kepha kulokhu lesi sitshalo sikhula sifinyelela kuma-50-70 cm.
Lolu hlobo luneziqu eziqondile ze-pubescent ezinamaqabunga e-ovoid nezimbali ezibomvu ze-carmine, eziqoqwe kuma-inflorescence avela spark-ezimise okwezicucu ezi-5-8. Ama-Corollas, angabi ngaphezu kwama-3 cm ubude, aqhakaza maphakathi nehlobo, futhi lesi sitshalo sigcina ukuhlobisa kuze kube kubanda kakhulu. Uma siqhathanisa i-salvia ebomvu nezinhlobonhlobo zokuqhakaza, esokuqala siphelelwa ukukhanya, yize sisetshenziswa ngabatshali bezimbali iminyaka eyikhulu eyedlule.
Namuhla, intshisekelo nge-salvia eyi-hygrophilous, ekhetha ilanga nokushisa, ikhula njalo. Isitshalo sizala ngokuphelele ngembewu futhi singatshalwa sobabili emhlabathini ovulekile nasemagumbini okugcina izithombo.
ISalvia enamahloni amancane (iSalvia microphylla)
Lolu hlobo lwe-salvia - i-sage ngesimo sasendle lusatholakala eningizimu yeYurophu, eFrance nasemazweni aseMedithera. Lapha yisitshalo esihlala sikhona esihlala sikhula, sikhula sifinyelele ku-100-120 cm. Izimbali zesalvia zihlala kusuka kuJuni kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Okthoba.
Kodwa amabhulashi amancane wezimbali ze-carmine akusona ukuphela kwesici sezinhlobo. Imifino nezihlahlana zezihlahla ezihlala ziluhlaza ziqukethe uwoyela obalulekile omnandi osetshenziswa abenzi bamakha nodokotela.
I-Mealy Salvia (Salvia farinacea)
Isitshalo esivuthayo, esiqhakaza izimbali kusuka ngo-Agasti kuze kube sekupheleni ekwindla savela emibhedeni yezimbali yaseRussia sisuka eMelika Ephakathi. I-salvia enobumba inamagatsha aqondile avela ku-90 cm ukuphakama. Ama-inflorescence afinyelela ubude bamasentimitha angama-20 futhi akhuphuka ngenhla kwezihlahla ezicocekile ze-pyramidal.
Izinkomishi, ama-corollas nengxenye engenhla ye-peduncle zipendiwe ngamathoni aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma onsomi, agcinwa lapho izitshalo zomile.
Amaqabunga ayindilinga, ama-ovate futhi, ngokungafani nezinhlobo eziningi nezinhlobonhlobo ze-salvia zensimu, ngaphandle komaphethelo wesici.
USalvia uhamba nezinyawo (iSalvia viridis)
Inani lalolu lwendabuko lwaseningizimu yeYurophu ne-Asia alukho kuma-inflorescences akhanyayo noma uwoyela obalulekile, kodwa kumabhuloksi anemibala egqamile ngokugqamile phezulu kwesiqu se-40- noma i-60-centimeter. Amaqabunga e-Oblong kanye namahlumela ama-pubescent.
Ama-inflorescence afinyelela ku-30 cm futhi ahlanganise izimbali ezifika eziphakathi nendawo ezi-6 zohlobo lwe-pinkish noma olukhanyayo we-lilac hue. ISalvia noma i-sage iqala ukuqhakaza ngoJuni, futhi ukubukeka kwesitshalo kugcinwa kuyo yonke inkathi yokukhula. Ukuphela kwesici esivimbela ukusetshenziswa kwamafomu ahlukahlukene kulelisiko ukufakwa kweziqu, uma izixhaso zingasetwanga ngesikhathi.
USalvia ushaye ikhwela (iSalvia verticillata)
Izinhlobo ezinjenge-whorl-like sage ezisefomini yasendle zitholakala kulo lonke elaseRussia, eNtshonalanga Yurophu nakwezinye izingxenye ze-Asia. Ungabona izinhlobo ezimbalwa ze-salvia yizimbali ze-violet eziqoqwe kuma-whorls aminyene akhiwe kuma-peduncle aphezulu. Iziqu zalolu hlobo lwegatsha lwenhlobo kuphela ezansi futhi zikhula zibe ukuphakama kwamasentimitha angama-50. Amaqabunga, njengamahlumela, angama-pubescent kakhulu futhi anamathela ngeziqu ezindebeni ezinde.
I-salvia enekhwele iqala ukuqhakaza ngoJulayi, futhi kuze kube ngoSepthemba ama-inflorescence ayo amahle angabonakala emahlathini amahlathi nasezakhiweni zasengadini.
I-Clary sage (iSalvia sclarea)
Izitshalo ezinamandla zokuphakama kwamamitha zikhule ngesiko lonyaka owodwa noma emibili. Ezigxotsheni eziqonde ngqo, ezithobekile nge-oblong, amaqabunga enzelwe emaceleni. Lolu hlobo lwe-salvia lunikeza isisindo esiningi esiluhlaza. Amaqabunga kwesinye isikhathi afinyelela kubude obungama-30 cm, kepha lapho eqhubekela ekubhekeni kwe-inflorescence eba mncane.
Ukuhlobisa kunikezwa isitshalo hhayi ngezimbali ze-nondescript, kodwa ngamabhulokhi. Namuhla kunezinhlobonhlobo ze-salvia ezinama-corollas amhlophe, apinki noma onsomi. Ukuqhakaza kusuka ngoJuni kuya kuSepthemba, izinhlobo ze-sage zaziwa njengendawo ebalulekile yezokwelapha neyokubalulekile kawoyela.
USalvia nemorosa (uSalvia nemorosa)
Izinhlobo ze-sage ezikhula endaweni yehlathi lase-Russian-steppe zinamandla avela ku-30-60 cm ukuphakama nama-inflorescence aminyene anjengekhandlela afinyelela ku-40 cm ubude. Womabili ama-corollas namabhulokhi amakhulu anombala onsomi noma onsomi.
Uma izinwele zibonakala ezigxotsheni, khona-ke amaqabunga amade akhonjisiwe we-oak salvia abushelelezi ngokuphelele ngamazinyo emaphethelweni. Ukuhlobisa kwesitshalo kugcinwa kusuka maphakathi nehlobo kuya maphakathi no-Septhemba.
ISalvia meadow (iSalvia pratensis)
Lesi sitshalo esingamamitha ayihafu sibahlukaniswa yizihlahla eziningi eziqonde, ezigatsha futhi ziboshwe ngezindwangu ezibubende. I-Meadow sage ifana ne-oak salvia, kepha eyokugcina inamandla amakhulu, kanti amahlumela ayo awakaqhekeki kangako. Egqokeni ngalinye kusuka kwezimbali ezi-4 kuya kwezi-6 zinamathiselwe, ngezikhathi ezithile ezihlahleni ungabona amaqabunga amancanyana akhula kakhulu kwirosette eyisisekelo.
Izimbali ezinomhlobiso ogelezayo zidlula ngamagagasi amabili. Owokuqala, njengasezinhlotsheni eziningi nasezinhlotsheni ezahlukene ze-salvia engadini, uqala ngoJuni, bese izimbali zesibili zivuselela indawo ngoSepthemba.
