IGravilate (iGeum) isitshalo esivela emndenini weRosaceae. Lawa angamakhambi anezimbali ezinezimbali ezingama-basal ezimnyama ezinamaqabunga amakhulu e-cirrus. Ingahlala iluhlaza unyaka wonke uma izinga lokushisa esifundeni lingaweli ngaphansi kuka-18 ° C. Sekukonke, uhlobo lunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-50, kodwa zingama-20 kuphela zazo ezisetshenziswa emasikweni. Kunezinhlobonhlobo zokuhlobisa ezingabonakala esithombeni.
Ubuqili bokufika
Enye yezinhlobo ezidumile ezinjalo Igagasi laseChile, ukutshalwa, kusuka ezinhlanyelweni zazo akunzima. Emva kwakho konke, lesi sitshalo sinokuzithoba okukhulu. Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokutshala kuso kusentwasahlobo, isikhathi ngemuva kokuncibilikisa inhlabathi, kodwa ngaphambi kokuvuthwa kwamahlamvu.
Lapho ukhetha indawo, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi cishe zonke izinhlobo azikubekezeleli kahle ukufinyazwa kwenhlabathi enhlabathini. Ukusuka kulokhu, bangaba nokubola. Gwema izindawo lapho uhlelo lwazo lwezimpande luzoba khona eduze kwamanzi aphansi komhlaba. Ngenye indlela, angabekwa emibhedeni emide yezimbali noma enhlabathini eyikhulisiwe ngokumane anezela isihlabathi kuyo.
Naphezu kokuzithoba kokutshala i-gravilate, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa inhlabathi ekhanyayo, evulekile futhi engenekayo. Ngaphambi kokutshala kumele kulungiswe, kubiwe, kususwe wonke ukhula nokwenza:
- Isihlabathi;
- Umquba noma i-humus;
- Umlotha wezinkuni;
- Lime
- Ufulawa weDolomite.
Lokhu kuzosiza i-acidity ejwayelekile futhi kunikeze ungqimba oluhle lwamanzi. Kuzosiza futhi ukuphatha inhlabathi ngesixazululo sama-fungicides ngezinhloso zokuvimbela. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekukhuliseni izinhlobo ze-hybrid. Zitholakala kakhulu ezifweni zokukhunta.
Ngokuqondene nokukhanyisa, lapha kufanelekile ukukhetha isiza esinokukhanya okukhanya. Yize i-gravilate ikhula elangeni elivulekile nomthunzi oyingxenye. Lokhu kusemqoka kokuqhakaza. Ezindaweni ezinomthunzi ayisihle kangako, kodwa ihlala isikhathi eside.
Okuhlukile gravilat yomfula. Uthanda izindawo ezimanzi nezishubisayo, uncamela umthunzi. Uzoba ntofontofo osebeni lwamachibi, ubekezelela inhlabathi enomhlonyane noma enomquba.
Nakekela kahle
Ekuthuthukisweni okujwayelekile, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukunakekelwa okunekhono. Yize kungenxa yokungazethembi akunzima ukuyihlinzeka. Izinqubo ezijwayelekile zefucu yilezi:
- Ukususwa kokhula;
- Ukuvulwa kwenhlabathi yokuvuselelwa kwezimpande;
- Ukuncipha ama-peduncle owomile;
- Ukugqoka okuphezulu nokunisela.
Ukususa ama-peduncle kungenziwa ngemuva kokuqhakaza kokuqala, lokhu kuzokwandisa isikhathi saso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokunakekelwa okuhle, amandla adonsela phansi angaqhakaza kaningi eduze kokuwa. Futhi izinhlobo ezinjengomfula noma idolobha ukuqhuma kungathi futhi zijabulise ngezimbali zazo kuze kube ngu-Okthoba. Ukuthena amahlumela kwenziwa ngezinjongo zokulwa nokuguga.
Ngokuqondene nokumelana nokubanda, kuya ngezinhlobo. I-Gravilate yeRoss, umfula ne-triflorum abesabi isithwathwa. Kepha ukufudumeza ubusika kuyadingeka ngezinhlobo zezinsizwa nezinhlobo ze-hybrid, ikakhulukazi izinhlobo zezitry. Ngakho-ke, ekwindla, ingxenye esemoyeni yazo kufanele inqunywe, futhi izimpande kufanele zifudunyezwe nge-lapnik, amaqabunga, utshani noma ezifakwe emanzini ukuze zingaboli.
Ukufakelwa kwe-Gravilate akubekezeleli kahle, ngemuva kwenqubo, isihlahla asihlali kahle futhi kungenzeka singaze siqhakaze. Ngakho-ke kungakuhle ukukufeza isikhathi esingaphezu kwesisodwa njalo ngeminyaka engama-3-4, kodwa-ke, kule mikhawulo kukhuthaza ukuvuselelwa kabusha. Kungcono ukuyihlanganisa nokuhlukanisa. Kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwekwindla ezindaweni ezifudumele, ukuze isitshalo sibe nesikhathi sokujwayela ngaphambi kokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo. Kuyadingeka ukuqala inqubo yasekwindla lapho yonke imbewu ku-gravilate isivuthiwe.
Maphakathi nenyakatho, isihlahla sihlukaniswe intwasahlobo. Kuyemba futhi kuhlukaniswe ngobunene izingxenye. Kubalulekile ukuthi babe ne-rosette yamaqabunga, ama-buds nezimpande. Imithombo kubo ilungiselelwe kusengaphambili, ibachithe ngamanzi. Ngemuva kokutshala, umquba noma i-peat yengezwa enhlabathini futhi iswelwe kahle.
Ukufakelwa nakho kungadingeka uma isitshalo sesikhulile ukubola kwezimpande. Zonke izingxenye ezithintekile ziyasuswa, kanti ezinempilo zivele zidluliselwe endaweni entsha, ngoba bezike zabaphatha kanye nenhlabathi ngamalungiselelo akhethekile.
Ekusakazweni kokutshala imifino, izihlahla ezisikiwe nazo ziyasetshenziswa. Zithatha izimpande kahle enhlabathini yezakhi ngokunisela njalo. Futhi azidingi zinyathelo ezikhethekile zokubamba imbangela.
IGravilate empeleni ayithinteki yizilokazane futhi ayidingi ukwelashwa okukhethekile ngama-insecticides. Izifo ze-fungus ziphathwa ngezidakamizwa ze-fungicidal.
Umanyolo nokunisela
I-potassium phosphate mineral compounds ilungele i-gravilate. Lapho kukhula izinhlobo zaseChile, kungcono ukusebenzisa umanyolo owenziwe ngegranular nge-potassium, i-nitrogen ne-phosphorus. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali. Kwenze kwanele amahlandla ama-2 ngesizini. Kusuka kwizinto eziphilayo, i-humus iyasiza.
Ukunisela isitshalo kudinga inala futhi ejwayelekile, kodwa ngaphandle kokubamba amanzi. Kungcono ukugxila esimweni senhlabathi. Akufanele yomile noma ibe manzi ngokweqile. Ukunakwa okukhethekile kubhekelwa ezinqubo zamanzi ngezikhathi ezomile nezishisayo. Okwamanje, ukuthambisa kuyasiza ngaphansi kwempande.
Ngenxa yesomiso isikhathi eside, ingxenye esemkhathini yegagasi ingomile. Kepha kulokhu, umuntu akufanele acabangele lesi simo esingenathemba. Ngokunokwenzeka, i-hydration eningi izosilungisa lesi simo.
Sikhula izithombo
Le ndlela yokuzalanisa ibuye ibe yinhle ngoba izitshalo ezinjalo ziyaqhakaza isikhathi eside. Ukwabiwa kwembewu izinsuku ezimbalwa emazingeni okushisa aphakathi kuka-5-5 ° C bazosheshisa ukuhluma kwabo. Kodwa ukumanzisa emanzini izinsuku ezingama-5 kuzonikeza umphumela ofanayo.
NgoMashi-Ephreli, imbewu ihlwanyelwa ezitsheni ezikhethekile, ezifafazwe kancane ngenhlabathi, isihlabathi, futhi imbozwe ngefilimu noma ingilazi eshisayo. Badinga ukunikeza ukukhanyisa, ukuvimba ukoma kwe-substrate, ukuyifaka njalo ukufifiyela. Zihluma ngemuva kwamaviki amabili. Lapho kuvela amahlumela, indawo yokukhosela kumele isuswe nsuku zonke ukuze kufakwe umoya omncane nokuqina kwezithombo.
Lapho kuvela amaqabunga okuqala, izithombo zingena zingene ezitsheni ezihlukile. Ungatshala izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Abanye bakwenza lokhu ngo-Ephreli, kepha ngalesi sikhathi kunamathuba amaningi aphezulu esithwathwa, ngakho-ke udinga ukunakekela ukuhambisa izihlahla ezincane ngefilimu noma ngezinto ezikhethekile. Lapho ufika gcina ibanga elingama-15-20 cm phakathi kwabo. I-Gravilate etshalwe kusuka ezinhlanyelweni ngokuvamile iqhuma eminyakeni engama-2.
Imbewu ingahlwanyelwa endaweni evulekile entwasahlobo, futhi uma isimo sezulu simsulwa, khona-ke ekwindla. Ungakhohlwa mayelana nokutshala nendawo yokulima izidakamizwa ze-antifungal, njengalapho utshala izithombo. Ehlobo, izihlahla esezikhulile zithuthelwa ku-flowerbed.
Izinhlobo zezinhlobo
Ngokwesiko le-gravilat XIX c. Ngokuhlobisa ingadi, izinhlobo zayo eziningi zisetshenzisiwe, nazi ezimbalwa nje zazo.
Ubomvu obukhanyayo bufika kubude obuyi-1.5 m. Buqhakaza ukusuka ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi kuya maphakathi noJulayi. Kukhona "iBorizin" ehlukahlukene, isikhathi sezimbali sikaJuni-Septhemba.
I-Chilean ibhekisela ezinhlotsheni ezinde, zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-rose yama-Greek. Amaqabunga ayo aluhlaza aqhakazile aqoqwe ku-rosette eyisisekelo. Izimbali ezinamabala aqhakaza ngasekupheleni kukaJuni kanye qhubeka nokuqhakaza cishe amasonto amabili. Le nhlobonhlobo isetshenziswa ekwenziweni kwemithi noma ngezinongo. AmaNdiya amaMapuche asawusebenzisa emithini yawo yendabuko yezinhlungu zamazinyo, ukugula kwesisu.
Iqembu le-hybrid izitshalo ezitholakala ngokuwela i-Chilean ne-gravilate ebomvu ekhanyayo. Enye yezinhlobo ezidumile kakhulu ibizwa ngokuthi "Ibhola Lomlilo". Ifinyelela ekuphakameni okufika kuma-60 cm.Njengoba kungabonakala esithombeni, inezimbali ezinkulu eziyindilinga ngombala okhanyayo we-orange, amaqabunga awo ahlala eluhlaza okwesikhathi eside. Inesikhathi eside sezimbali kusuka ezinsukwini ezingama-45 kuye kwezingu-60.
I-river gravel ihlukahlukene nge-rhizome eminyene, isabalalisa kuphela ngembewu. Kunezinhlobo zamagadi anezimbali ezimhlophe, ziphuzi, ezipinki. Ezindaweni ezinomswakama ikakhulukazi, amahlamvu athola umhlanga onsomi. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi lapho imbali ivuthwa, ama-stamens ahlinzeka ngesitshalo ngomanyolo. I-rosette yayo eyisisekelo idlula ezigabeni eziningana zokubunjwa.
Intaba yokubuka isitshalo esiphansi cishe ngo-15 cm ngama-inflorescence aphuzi. Iqhakaza ekuqaleni kukaMeyi futhi iyaqhubeka nokuqhakaza cishe izinyanga ezimbili. I-City Gravity noma iGrass yaseSt. Benedict. Kufika ku-60 cm ukuphakama. Uhlobo olunesikhathi eside sokuqhakaza kanye nombala ophuzi ophuzi wama-inflorescence.
I-Gravilate izothola indawo cishe kunoma iyiphi ingadi. Kuyaziwa kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, igama lakhona lakudala luhlaza utshani. Kwakukholelwa ukuthi lesi sitshalo sivikela ebubini nasezifo. Ukunakekela kulula, futhi ukukhula ngezandla zakho kuzojabulisa noma yimuphi umlimi. Utshalwe kuma-rockeries kanye nezaphulelo. Ezingadini ze-rock, kungcono ukuthatha ukubukwa kwentaba, ayizekeki, isetshenziswa futhi njengendawo eyisisekelo. Futhi i-graffate yaseChilean noma izinhlobonhlobo ze-Fireball ilungele imingcele.
