I-Ranunculus (Ranunculus) ibizwa nangokuthi i-buttercup yengadi (i-Asia). Izwe lesitshalo esinjalo, elingelomndeni wakwa-ranunculaceae, yi-Asia Minor. Amagama wale mibala anikezwa usosayensi uPliny, owayephila endulo. I-Ranunculus ihunyushwa isuselwa esiLatinini ngokuthi "isele", iqiniso ukuthi izinhlobo eziningi zezimbali ezinjalo zikhetha ukukhula ezindaweni ezinamakhaza. Ngekhulu le-16, lesi sitshalo salethwa sisuka eTurkey sayiswa eNgilandi futhi sathola ukuthandwa okukhulu phakathi kwabatshali bezimbali. Kodwa-ke, selokhu kwaphela ikhulu le-19 leminyaka, selilahlekelwe ukuthandwa kwalo kwangaphambili, kepha manje lezi zimbali zifunwa kakhulu minyaka yonke. Okwamanje, lolu hlobo luhlanganisa izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwe-600 ezihlukile ze-ranunculus. Uma usika imbali yesitshalo esinjalo futhi usibeka emfuyweni, lapho-ke izogcina ukugcwala kwayo kube yiresiphi. AmaNtaliyane abiza i-buttercup engadini "izinkinobho zegolide zezamadr." Kukhona inganekwane eyaziwayo yokuthi uJesu waguqula izinkanyezi ezincane zaba ngama-buttercups futhi wazethula kunina njengophawu lothando nenhlonipho ...
Izici zeRanunculus
I-Asia ranunculus iyimbali enhle ebukekayo. Kusetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa amakamelo nezingadi, kukhula kumakhonde, kumathafa nasezindlini zokuhlala. Ukuphakama kwezihlahla kungahluka kusuka kumasentimitha angama-20 kuye kwangama-80. On amahlumela aqinile bahlakazeka ngokujulile amaqabunga amapuleti. Ama-Rhizomes avezwa ngesimo sezilimo eziyizigaxa, ngesimo sokukhumbuza imilenze yamahansi. Amahlumela alembali, kanye nezimpande namaqabunga, afana kakhulu ne-dahlias. Izimbali ezinhle kakhulu zingaba ngamahafu aphindwe kabili, ziphindwe kabili futhi ziwugqinsi. Bahlukaniswa ngemibala ehlukahlukene, kepha izimbali eziluhlaza okotshani nokuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka azitholakali. Ububanzi bawo buhlukahluka kusuka kumasentimitha amahlanu kuya kwayi-10, futhi ziyaqhakaza kancane kancane kusukela ngoMeyi kuya ku-Agasti. Ekuqaleni kokuvezwa kwayo, izimbali ziyafana nama roses. Futhi ngemuva kokudalulwa okugcwele, afana kakhulu nama-terry poppies. Imvamisa kakhulu i-pink ranunculus ne-ranunculus emhlophe kusetshenzwa lapho kulungiswa isidlo sikamakoti. Kodwa akufanele ukhohlwe ukuthi ujusi wesitshalo esinjalo unobuthi.
Abalimi bezingadi nezimbali benza umsebenzi wokutshala izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-Asia ranunculus. Yena-ke, ekuqaleni wayenezinhlobo ezi-2, okungukuthi: i-ranmculus palmoid noma i-African (Ranunculus africanus), izimbali zayo zifana ne-peonies, kanye ne-Persian ranunculus (Ranunculus Persian), ama-inflorescence ayo anokufana okuthile ne-rose.
Izici Ezikhulayo
Ukuze ukhule izimbali ezinhle, kufanele unamathele emithethweni ethile ekunakekelweni kwazo:
- Lapho ufaka umhlabathi, ungashisa izimpande zesitshalo. Kulokhu, udinga ukukhetha lawo manyolo lapho i-vermicompost itholakala khona.
- Imbali isabela ngobuhlungu kakhulu ukufakelwa, kulokhu, kufanele iphazamiswe kuphela uma kunesimo esiphuthumayo.
- Lapho i-buttercup iqhakaza, idinga i-limestone ne-potassium.
- Ukuze wandise isikhathi sokuqhakaza, abalimi abanolwazi bayeluleka ukuthi banciphise ukuchelela futhi bathuthe imbiza yezimbali endaweni emnyama.
- Lapho amapuleti amaqabunga esewomile ngokuphelele, ama-tubers kumele ambiwe agcinelwe ubusika, ngoba i-ranunculus ayimelani nesithwathwa.
- Uma ufuna ukuba nesixha esihle ngokubabazeka ekhaya, khona-ke esitsheni esisodwa ungatshala amakhophi ambalwa aleso sitshalo ngasikhathi sinye, okuzohluka ngombala wezimbali.
- Ama-inflorescences aseqalile ukuqothuka kufanele asuswe, lapho izimbali ezintsha zizovula ngokushesha okukhulu. Ekupheleni kwenkathi yehlobo, amahlumela kufanele anqunywe emhlabathini.
Ungatshala kanjani emhlabathini ovulekile
Ungawulungisa kanjani umhlaba
I-Buttercup (ingadi ranunculus) ingakhula futhi ikhule kahle endaweni enelanga, kepha isithunzi siyifanelekela ngokuphelele. Iqiniso ngukuthi imbali enjalo igcina umbala ogcwele kakhulu we-inflorescence, ngenkathi ubude bezimbali bukhula kakhulu. Futhi, i-buttercup kufanele ivikeleke ethonyeni lezinhlaka. Isitshalo esinjalo asikubekezeleli amazinga okushisa e-subzero, futhi ngenxa yalokho kufanele sitshalwe kuphela ngemuva kokuba usongo lweqhwa seludlulile.
Umhlaba we-ranunculus ulungele kakhulu ukukhanya, i-acidity engathathi hlangothi futhi igcwele izakhamzimba. Ngakho-ke, ingaba i-peat noma i-humus exutshwe nomhlabathi omnyama. Kepha kuyadingeka ukwengeza ushoko ukuze ungawenzi. Esizeni esine-loam, imbali enjalo ayikwazi ukutshala. Khumbula ukuthi inhlabathi kufanele imunze ngokuphelele amanzi ngesikhathi sokunisela, kodwa akufanele ihlale kuwo isikhathi eside. Ukuze ugweme ukwakheka kokubola, izitshalo zidinga ukudonsa okuhle. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uthele inani elincane lesihlabathi, ngokwesibonelo, ezansi komgodi wokufika. Ngaphambi kokutshala i-buttercup, udinga ukugaya inhlabathi, ngenkathi wenza umquba kuyo. Futhi wenze ukutshala kwenhlabathi ngosizo lwe-foundationazole.
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu isikhathi ngasiphi isikhathi?
Ukukhula i-buttercup kusuka ezinhlakalweni kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi, futhi konke ngoba kunamaphesenti amancane okuhluma. Abalimi abanolwazi baluleke ukuqoqa imbewu kusuka kulezo zimbali eziqhakaze kuqala. Ukuze imbewu ingathululeli phezu kwenhlabathi yomhlabathi, ama-inflorescence kufanele aboshelwe nge-gauze. Ukuhlwanyelwa kufanele kwenziwe maphakathi noFebhuwari. Ukuze lokhu, kusetshenziswe i-substrate ekhanyayo enezinto eziwusizo. Ngemuva kokuba imbewu ihlwanyelwe, kufanele ifafazwe ngengqimba yenhlabathi eminyene kakhulu (ukusuka ku-1.5 kuye ku-2 cm). Ngaphezulu kwesitsha, beka ingilazi ecacile noma welule ifilimu. Isitsha kufanele sithuthelwe endaweni enokukhanya okuhle, lapho izinga lokushisa likububanzi bama-degree angu-15-17. Uma kunesidingo, thambisa inhlabathi. Izithombo zokuqala kufanele zivele ezinsukwini eziyi-14 - 20 ngemuva kokuhlwanyela. Lapho lokhu kwenzeka, ikhava kufanele isuswe esitsheni. Lapho amaqabunga ama-2 amaqabunga eqiniso ekhula, i-ranunculus izodinga ukudonswa emabhodweni ngamanye. Lapho usongo lweqhwa ludlula entwasahlobo, lezi zimbali kufanele zidluliselwe engadini. Izimbali zizobonwa kuphela ngonyaka olandelayo, ngakho-ke uma ufuna ukuthola umphumela osheshayo, le ndlela yokuzalanisa i-ranunculus ayikulungele.
Zitshalwa ngasiphi isikhathi nezilimo eziyizigaxa?
Ngemuva kokuba inhlabathi ifudumele, futhi amasele asele ngemuva, kuzodingeka ukutshala izimbotshana ze-buttercup emhlabathini ovulekile. Njengomthetho, lesi sikhathi siwela ezinsukwini zokugcina zika-Ephreli, ezokuqala ngoMeyi. Ukutshala nezilimo eziyizigaxa akunzima, kepha kukhona imithetho namaqhinga okungafanele akhohlwe. Ngaphambi kokutshala nezilimo eziyizigaxa, kufanele zilungiselelwe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, abekwa ku-moss oswakanyiswe kahle, sawdust noma ngesiponji esimanzi. Ama-tubers kufanele aqambe amanga amahora amaningi. Umphumela ofanayo ungatholakala ngokufaka emanzini afudumele noma ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potanganum permanganate. Kwezinye izimo, kunconywa ukuthulula into ekhuthaza ukukhula ungene kulolo ketshezi. Khetha indawo efaneleke kakhulu yezimbali ezinjalo ngasikhathi sinye, ngoba akunconywa ukuyifaka kwenye indawo.
I-tuber kumele yehliselwe emgodini wokufika olungiselelwe ngo "mlomo" wehle ngokujula kwamasentimitha amahlanu kuya kwayi-8. Phakathi kwezitshalo kuyadingeka ukugcina ibanga lamasentimitha ayi-10 kuye kwayi-15. Esimweni lapho kulindeleke ukuthi kuqandwe khona amafreyidi, khona-ke ama-plantings kufanele ambozwe ngotshani noma ngezinto ezikhethekile zokumboza. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezingama-2-3, izithombo zezihlahla eziningana zizokhula esihlahleni ngasinye, futhi ukuqhakaza kuqala noma kudlule isikhathi esithile.
Izici zokunakekelwa kwenhlabathi evulekile
Ukunakekela isitshalo esinjalo kulula kakhulu. Kuyadingeka ukunisela i-ranunculus ngokulinganisela ngokuhlelekile, kepha qaphela ukuthi ungagxili kakhulu inhlabathi, ngoba ukubola kungakheka kuleli cala. Ungathola ukuthi imbali yaqala ukubola ngokubumba kumapuleti amaqabunga nangokwehla kwamahlumela. Izingxenye ezithintekile zezimbali kufanele zinqunywe, inhlabathi ezungezile kufanele idedelwe futhi ngokuqinisekile inciphise ukuthambisa. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuyadingeka ukususa izimbali eziphelele, ngoba zizophazamisa ukuvela kwamanye ama-inflorescence. Lesi sitshalo sidinga ukukhululwa kwenhlabathi njalo, futhi kumele sondliwe ngokusebenzisa omanyolo be-organic. Ngakho-ke, izikhathi ezi-2 ngenyanga udinga ukufaka umanyolo we-potassium enhlabathini (nge-1 metres yesikwele ukusuka kumagremu angama-40 kuye kwangama-50), futhi ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, i-potassium sulfate, usawoti we-potassium noma umlotha wezinkuni kufanelekile kulokhu. I-spider mite ingahlala esihlahleni se-buttercup (ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sesomiso sasehlobo). Ama-thrips kanye ne-aphid angahlala kumapheshana nasezitshalweni. Lapho ubona amabala amhlophe noma esiliva kulawohlamvu, masinyane thatha izinyathelo zokuqeda izinambuzane. Ukuze kwenzeke lokhu, izihlahla kufanele ziphathwe ngama-ejenti afanele abulala izinambuzane. Ngezinjongo ze-prophylactic, izikhathi ezi-2 noma ezi-3 ngesonto, i-ranunculus kufanele iphathwe nekhambi le-mercaptophos (0,2%).
Ungayinakekela kanjani ekhaya
Ungatshala kanjani egumbini
Ukunakekela ama-buttercups akhula emphemeni nakho akunzima, kanye nalezo ezikhululiwe esihlakaleni sengadi. Kodwa-ke, ukuze isitshalo sikhule futhi sikhule kahle, eminye imithetho nezimfihlo kufanele zikhunjulwe. Ezimweni zasendlini, imbali enjalo akufanele ikhule njengeyodwa, ngakho-ke embizeni eyodwa kunconywa ukutshala izihlahla eziningana ngasikhathi sinye. Ngokutshala, ungasebenzisa noma ibhokisi lokuhlobisa noma imbiza enkulu ethengiwe esitolo, lapho kufanele kube khona izimbobo zokudonsa ngaphansi. Ngokutshala, udinga umhlabathi ofana ncamashi nohlaka lwensimu, noma kunalokho, umhlabathi osuselwa ku-peat. Ngaphambi kokutshala, nezilimo eziyizigaxa kufanele zicwiliswe emanzini amahora angama-24. Isendlalelo esihle sokudonswa kwamanzi kufanele sibekwe phansi kwembiza noma ebhokisini, ngoba lokhu, udaka olwandisiwe, itshe elichotshoziwe noma itshe elivela emaqandeni kufanelekile. Lapho-ke umhlaba uyathululwa bese kubekwa amaqhubu ebusweni bawo. Zidinga ukumbozwa ngenhlabathi ukuze kuthi kuphela iziqalo zikhuphuke ngaphezu kobuso. Ngevolumu eyanele yebhodwe lezimbali, izithombo eziningana zingatshalwa kuwo ngaso leso sikhathi. Thela kahle futhi uhlanze okokuqala endaweni epholile kahle (cishe ama-degree ayi-12). Njengoba kunesidingo, inhlabathi kufanele iswakanyiswe.
Ungayinakekela kanjani
Ngemuva kokuthi amahlumela afinyelele amasentimitha ambalwa, ibhodwe kufanele lihanjiswe endaweni efudumele (ukusuka kuma-20 kuye kwangama-22 degrees). Uma uhamba isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze ujabulele izimbali ezinhle ze-ranunculus, khona-ke ngesikhathi sezimbali kufanele zinikeze izinga lokushisa elingama-degree angama-18 (hhayi aphansi, hhayi aphezulu). Isitshalo esinjalo, sikhulile ngaphakathi, sidinga ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo. Kulokhu, kunconywa ukuyibeka emafasiteleni asentshonalanga noma ngasempumalanga. Kodwa-ke, iwindi laseningizimu lilungele kakhulu ama-buttercups. Lapho ukushisa kumiswe emigwaqweni, khona-ke lezi zimbali, uma zifunwa, zingafakwa emoyeni omusha (kuvulandi, ithala). Badinga ukuchelela okuhleliwe, futhi ngesikhathi sokukhula kakhulu kumanyolo, kunconywa ukuthulula umanyolo. Ukunisela phezulu, kepha ngasikhathi sinye ungazami ukweqa inhlabathi. Ngezikhathi ezithile udinga ukuthambisa amahlamvu kusuka ku-sprayer. Lapho isitshalo siqala ukubuna, sidinga ukuniselwa kancane.
I-Ranunculus ngemuva kwezimbali
Ungamba kanjani futhi ulondoloze izingqimba zezingadi ze-ranunculus
Ama-tubers ayembiwa ekwindla. Ngemuva kokuphuzi kanye nokomiswa kwamahlumela namahlamvu, ayasikwa, bese kuthiwe nezilimo eziyizigaxa emhlabathini. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ama-rhizomes wesitshalo esinjalo athambile impela futhi angaphuka kalula, ngakho-ke kufanele abiwe ngokucophelela. I-perennial enjalo ingafa ezingeni lokushisa elingaphansi kwamadigri ayi-7; kulokhu, kunconywa ukugcina ama-tubers abembiwe emiphongolweni enomoya omncane, lapho izinga lokushisa kufanele libe sezingeni lama-4 kuya kwayi-6 degrees. Kulokhu, nezilimo eziyizigaxa zidinga ukugoqwa nge-moss eyomile noma kufakwe esikhwameni sephepha. Ngaphambi kokususa ama-nodule wesitoreji, acutshungulwa ku-foundationazole isigamu sehora, kuthi ngemuva kwalokho avunyelwe ukuba ome ngokuphelele endaweni enomthunzi cishe izinsuku ezintathu. Isitshalo esinjalo esidliwayo ezindaweni ezinobusika obunzima asikwazi ukumba, simane simbozwe ngamaqabunga awile noma ngamagatsha ayi-spruce.
Nakekela i-rununculus engaphakathi ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali
Ngemuva kokuphela kokugijima kwe-rununculus, idinga ukususwa endaweni ene-shaded futhi kahle epholile. Imbali izoqhubeka ikhule isikhashana, bese kuba nesikhathi sokuphumula, kanti amahlumela namahlamvu ayo kuzoba ophuzi futhi omile. Dlulisa imbali uyi-substrate entsha bese uyidlulisela endaweni enamazinga okushisa angama-15 kuye kwangama-18 degrees. Ubude besikhathi sokuphumula bungamaviki amane; ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli, kuzovela amahlumela amancane. Ngesikhathi sokukhula okukhulu, kuvela amahlumela amancane ama-5 kuya kwayi-7 kusihloko ngasinye. Zimbiwe futhi zihlukaniswe ngokucophelela. Ngemuva kwalokho ama-tubers angatshalwa emabhodweni ngamanye noma angagcinwa kuze kube isizini yentwasahlobo eshalofini esiqandisini emnyangweni onemifino noma egumbini elingaphansi. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izitshalo ezibuthakathaka kancane kancane zikhula kusukela ezincekwini "ezilondoloziwe" ezinjalo futhi ububanzi bezimbali bancane ngokufana. Abalimi abaningi abangenalwazi kakhulu kulokhu bathola amaqhugwane amasha njalo ngonyaka.
