Ukukhetha i-plum Tree seedling, wonke umlimi uyazi ukuthi isifiso sisodwa asanele. Ukuze ukhule umuthi oqinile futhi uthole isivuno esiningi ngokuzayo, kubalulekile ukuthi ubhekele ubuhle nobubi bezinhlobonhlobo zama-plums. Ukuchazwa kafushane kwezinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu zama-plums kuzosiza ekutholeni ukukhetha kwezinhlobo.
I-Plum Hungary
Kubandakanya iqembu elikhulu lama-plums asekhaya, isici esijwayelekile saso esiyisici sezithelo, okungukuthi:
- ukwakheka okuhle
- inyama emnyama ephuzi nge-tint ebomvu;
- umbala omnyama wezithelo onamathela emhlophe;
- umugqa ocacile oseceleni;
- ukunambitheka okumnandi kwama-plums.
Abamele izinhlobonhlobo kukhona ama-plums aseMoscow, Belorusskaya, Amazing, IDonetsk nabanye. Zonke zibonakaliswa ukukhiqiza okuningi kanye nokuzala. Izithombo ziyabekezelela isomiso kahle, futhi nezithelo zihanjiswa kahle futhi zigcinwe.
Isihlahla esidala sinomqhele o-oval futhi sikhula sifike kumamitha ayi-6 ukuphakama, okwenza inqubo yokunakekela nokuvuna ibe nzima. Ukuthatha izithelo kwenzeka kuphela eminyakeni eyi-7.
Kuphela kusuka ku-plum isiHungary ongayenza ama-prunes wangempela ephezulu.
IStanley Plum
Izinhlobo ezivuthwa maduze, igama lesibili nguStanley, zisetshenziswa kabanzi ezindaweni eziseningizimu. Inomqhele oyindilinga obonakala nge amahlumela aseceleni angavamile. Ukuphakama okuphezulu kwesihlahla kungaphezu kwamamitha ayi-3 Izithelo zikhulu (kwesinye isikhathi zifinyelela ku-50 g), zixinene futhi zinamakha, zibabaza kancane. Qoqa ekwindla yokuqala yokutshala kweminyaka emihlanu. Ukukhiqiza muhle - cishe ama-60 kg angasuswa esihlahleni esisodwa.
Izinhlobonhlobo zingathela izithelo zodwa, ngoba ngokwengxenye ziyazala. Njengabapholisi bendawo abangaphezulu, kungcono ukutshala kuyo i-Blufrey noma i-Chachak plums kuyo.
IStanley iplamu iyi-pollinator enhle kakhulu yezinhlobonhlobo enaso isikhathi sokuqhakaza.
I-hardness yasebusika yezinhlobonhlobo isezingeni eliphakeme, kepha ayimelani ne-grey bola kanye ne-plum aphid.
I-Plum Eurasia
Ukuqala kwetafula okuhlukahlukene kuvuthwa ngasekupheleni kwehlobo. Ngaphezu kweminyaka emi-4, ikhula elincanyana likhula libe isihlahla esikhulu esinomqhele obuthuthuko bese lithoma ukuthela iinthelo. Ukhilimu unesimo esiyindilinga nobukhulu obuphakathi (cishe 25 g), isivuno esihle. Ngenxa ye-pulp enomnandi kakhulu, zilungele ukulondolozwa noma ukusetshenziswa okusha, kodwa-ke kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi kunzima ukususa ithambo. Izinhlobonhlobo zithole ukuthandwa okukhulu phakathi kwabalimi ngenxa yokuqina kwayo ebusika nokuphakama kwezifo ezahlukahlukene.
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Eurasia, njengoba zizicebile, zidinga ama-pollinators, afaneleke kakhulu yiRenklod plum, Mayak, Volgaobuhle.
I-Plum Greengage
Izinhlobo zeGreenclod zihlanganisa izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-200 zama-plums, anjenge-Altana, Tambov, Michurinsky, Beauvais nabanye. Zonke zibonakaliswa yizimpawu ezilandelayo zokuhlukahluka:
- ukuphakama kwezihlahla eziphakeme kakhulu (kufika ku-7 m);
- umqhele oyindilinga namagatsha aqeshayo;
- izithelo ezinkulu ngesimo sebhola elinendawo encane enolaka;
- ukwakheka okukhethekile, i-marmalade, nokwenziwe nge-pulp kunoshukela omnandi kakhulu futhi kumnandi.
Iningi lokubhaliselwe kwe-Rinclod plum kuyazenzela, kepha-ke, akufani ngesitshalo esizinzileyo nesihle - Izimo zezulu phakathi nehlobo zibaluleke kakhulu. Ukumelana neqhwa, isomiso kanye nezifo kuyinto esezingeni eliphakathi.
Ipulamu lezinyosi
Ukuchazwa kwezinhlobonhlobo ze-Honey plum kuyahambisana nesithombe sezithelo: amaplamu amahle avuthiwe anombala ocebile woju nombala osawolintshi okhanyayo. I-Plum ibhekisela ohlotsheni olunezithelo, izithelo zivuthwa ngoJuni. I-pulp inoshukela futhi imnandi, inephunga elimnandi. Isihlahla ngokwaso sinomqhele ophakathi nobukhulu, kepha sidinga okungenani amamitha ayi-5 skwele. m. ndawo, ngoba ingafinyelela kumamitha ayi-7 ukuphakama. Izinhlobonhlobo zilungele ukutshala ezindaweni ezisenyakatho, zimelana nokushisa okuphansi.
IPlum Honey iyazenzela, njengoba abavukuzi bakulungele kakhulu uRenkord Karbysheva noma uVengerka Donetsk.
Ubuhle bePlum Volga
Izinhlobonhlobo zessessert zakuqala, izihlahla ezikhula ngokushesha zakha umqhele oyindilinga futhi zifinyelela ngaphezu kuka-6 m ukuphakama. Ukukhiqiza kuphezulu, kuthela izithelo ezivela eminyakeni emi-4 yokuphila. Ukhilimu uzungele ukwakheka, uncishiswe kancane uye phezulu, ngesilonda esibonakala esibonakala ngokusobala. Ubukhulu bezithelo buphakathi, bunambitha kancane bu-acidic, kepha bunejusi.
Ubuhle bePlum Volga kwaqashelwa ngenxa yokumelana kwawo ngokujwayelekile nesithwathwa, izifo nezinambuzane. Kodwa-ke, kufanele unake ukuthi ama-flower buds ayakwazi ukuhola, okuholela ekuqhekekeni.
Njengabantu abavimba impova yobuhle be-Volga yobuhle, i-Skorospelka ebomvu noma ama-plums kaZhiguli afanelekile. Lokhu kuzosiza ukuthuthukisa amaqanda.
I-Plum Etude
Izinhlobo zetafula eliphakathi nendawo eliphakathi, umuthi unokuphakama okuphakathi kwesilinganiso. Umqhele o-oval ungaphezulu phezulu. Esikhathini sokukhiqiza izithelo, singena eminyakeni eyi-4 ngemuva kokutshala, isivuno siphakeme minyaka yonke. Izithelo ezinesisindo esifinyelela ku-30 g, ezinepulpisi eliminyene nejusi. Usizi cishe aluzwakali.
Izinzuzo eziphambili ze-plum Etude yilezi:
- Isitoreji sesikhathi eside (kufika ezinyangeni ezi-2 endaweni epholile).
- Ezokuhamba.
- Ukuqina okuphezulu kobusika obukhulu kuzo zombili izihlahla nezimbali.
- Ukumelana nezifo ezinhle.
Ukuze kungcoliswe i-Etuds evundisayo ngokwayo, izinhlobo zamaplami Renklod Tambovsky neVolga zinhle.
Isipho se-Plum Blue
Izinhlobonhlobo kulula ukusigcina, ngenxa yezinga eliphansi (kufika kumamitha amathathu), umqhele oqinisiwe omaphakathi ngesimo se-oval. Izithelo ngemuva kweminyaka engu-4 yokuphila ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti. Izithelo ziyehluka:
- usayizi omncane (cishe 15 g);
- okusaqanda ngesimo ngecala elithambile le-lateral;
- i-pulp eminyene enokuqukethwe kwejusi ephansi, kepha ithambeka kahle;
- ukunambitheka kuthola ukunambitheka kweplamu.
Inzuzo yesipho se-plum Blue ukusizala nokuzabalaza okuphezulu kwezimbali zezimbali emazingeni okushisa aphansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobonhlobo azihlaselwa kalula ngama-aphid namabhu.
I-Plum Red Ball
Ibanga eliphakathi kwasekuqaleni kweplamu yaseChina. Umuthi ukhula ubumbane, ungabi ngaphezu kwama-2,5 m ukuphakama, amahlumela aseceleni ayancishiswa. Ihluka ngezithelo ezinkulu kakhulu (kuze kufike ku-40 g) wesimo esiyindilinga. Amaplamu angavuthiwe apendwe luhlaza okotshani ophuzi, lapho efinyelela ukuvuthwa okugcwele aphenduka abomvu, yingakho igama lezinhlobonhlobo. Ukuthathwa kwezithelo kwenzeka kakade ngonyaka wesibili ngasekupheleni kwehlobo, ama-plums aqukethe amanzi, ane-acidity.
Njengama-pollinators wezinqwaba zeRed Ball, izinhlobo zama-plums amaShayina noma amaRussia eziqhakaza nawo ngasikhathi sinye kufanelekile.
Emaphutheni ezinhlobonhlobo, kufanelekile ukuphawula ukwahlukaniswa kwezithelo eminyakeni lapho kunamaqanda amaningi kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iplamu ithinta izithambiso zasentwasahlobo, yize ibekezelela kahle iqhwa lasebusika. Izinhlobonhlobo zilwa nesifo i-clastosporiasis kanye nokushiswa kwezilwane.
I-Plum Morning
I-plum yakuqala yavuthwa, yathela izithelo ngemuva konyaka wesithathu wokuphila. Umuthi ophakathi nendawo unomqhele oyindilinga, amagatsha aphakanyiswa kancane. Ukukhiqiza kuphezulu, izithelo zivuthwa ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti, kepha hhayi konke ngasikhathi sinye. Ama-plums e-oval anomnandi kakhulu futhi anamakha, anenyama ephuzi nesikhumba esiluhlaza. Banokunambitheka okumnandi nokumuncu, bayacaba ngesikhathi sokuhamba, kepha hhayi bakhulu kakhulu (isilinganiso esingu-25 g).
IPlum Morning ayikubekezeleli ubusika beqhwa, kodwa iphinda ilulame ngokushesha ngemuva kwesithwathwa sentwasahlobo. Ehlobo elomile, kudinga ukuthambisa kanzima. Akukona kuthintwe ukubola kwezithelo ne-kleasterosporiosis, kwesinye isikhathi kuhlaselwa ngama-aphid namabhu.
Inzuzo eyinhloko yezinhlobonhlobo ukuthi iyakwazi ukuzala kanye nekhono lokwenza njenge-pollinator yamaplamu angazithobi.
UMongameli wePlum
Izinhlobo ezivuthwa sekwephuzile, kuzithombo ezincane ukuhlelwa okuqondile kwamagatsha kuwuphawu. Ngemuva kokukhiqiza izithelo (iminyaka emi-5), amagatsha ancipha kancane. Umuthi omdala awudluli kumamitha ayi-3 ukuphakama. Izithelo zobukhulu obuphakathi, nxazonke, eziluhlaza, ngemuva kokuvuthwa ziba yi-burgundy. Ukunambitheka kumuncu, kanti ipulp uqobo ngokwayo inesakhiwo esintekenteke futhi esimnandi.
Amaplamu avuthiwe abambelela ngokuqinile kumagatsha, kancane kancane aqothuleke ngemuva kokufaka kakhulu.
I-Plum UMongameli unesomiso esiphakeme kanye nokuqina kwesithwathwa, ukulimala kwezifo kuyinto esezingeni eliphakathi. Izinhlobonhlobo ziyazithela, kepha ukuze ukhiqize umkhiqizo kunconywa ukutshala iStanley, Mirnaya noma iScorospelka plums ebomvu kuyo.
Emaphutheni, kufanelekile ukugqamisa inyama enzima futhi emuncu ngesikhathi sasehlobo esomile nasekwindla ebandayo yokuqala.
Izinhlobo zokuhlobisa ze-plum
Phakathi kokuhluka kwezihlahla ze-plum, kufanelekile ukugqamisa iqembu lokuhlobisa elinabamele balo abakhuliswa hhayi kuphela ngenxa yokwenza izithelo, kodwa futhi nezinhloso zobuhle. Ezinye izinhlobonhlobo zamaplamu, ngokwegama, incazelo nesithombe, zidonsela ukunaka ngokuqhakaza nokuqhakaza okugqamile, kanti ezinye zinombala ongajwayelekile. Ethandwa kakhulu yilezi:
- Iplamu yaseJapan;
- Ipissardi iplamu;
- ibanga uCystena;
- Ukusakazeka Kwe-Plum.
I-plum yaseJapan
Izinhlobo ezixakile zivela eJapan, ezibizwa nangokuthi i-peach yaseJapan, i-apricot, mum noma ume. Izinhlobonhlobo zinhle ngokuhlukile ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza: ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, umuthi omude umbozwe nge-inflorescence elimnandi elimnandi ngombala omhlophe noma opinki oqhakaza izinyanga ezingaphezu kwezimbili.
Kwezinye izimo, iplamu yaseJapan ikhula ngesimo sesihlahla somhlanga.
Izithelo zivuthwa maphakathi nehlobo, zibe nombala oluhlaza okotshani nokunambitheka okumuncu ngenothi le-tart, ngakho-ke asetshenziswa ikakhulu kwifomu elicutshunguliwe.
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi i-mummy imelana nezifo, izinhlobonhlobo zitshalwa ikakhulukazi ngama-amateurs.
I-Red Plum
Izinhlobonhlobo zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi yi-Red-leaved cherry plum noma i-Pissardi iplamu ukuhlonipha usosayensi owethule izithombo zokuqala ezivela e-Iran. Isici esibonakalayo se-iplamu umbala obomvu wamahlumela, amaqabunga nezithelo, oqhubeka kuso sonke isikhathi sonyaka.
Ukuthatha amafruthi kuningi, kepha kuzinqwaba kunenqwaba ye-acid. Izinhlobonhlobo cishe aziguli izifo zokukhunta, kepha ama-aphid kwesinye isikhathi ayonakaliswa. I-hardness yasebusika isezingeni eliphakathi. Ezifundeni eziseningizimu, iplamu enamaqabunga abomvu izizwa imnandi futhi ingakhula ibe yiminyaka eyi-100.
Izithelo uvuthwe ngo-Agasti, kodwa kungaba emagatsheni, hhayi crumb, kuze kube Okthoba.
I-Plum Cystena
Igama lesibili le-plum ehlukahlukene emfishane kungenxa yokubonakala kwayo. ICystena isihlahla sikhula kancane (hhayi ngaphezu kuka-1.5 cm ngonyaka). Ukuphakama kwesihlahla akwedluli kumamitha ayi-2, kuyilapho ubukhulu bomqhele buvame ukulingana nokuphakama kwesihlahla. Izinhlobonhlobo zitholakala ngokuwela i-sand cherry ne-Pissardi iplamu.
Ukuhlobisa kungenxa:
- Umbala obomvu wamaqabunga nge-raspberry tint ne-glossy shine;
- izimbali ezinkulu ezimhlophe ezinomgogodla obomvu, zihlelwe ngokulandelana okukodwa;
- izithelo ezinhle ezinsomi ezimpunga.
IPlum Cystena ivame ukusetshenziswa njengethango, isigqoko esinamaqabunga asiweli efrithini. Inokuzwela okuphakathi kokushisa okuphansi ngenxa yomonakalo amahlumela amancane.
Ukusakazeka Kwe-Plum
Umuthi omude onesigaxa somqhele osakazekayo onama-plums amnandi namuncu kusuka ngonyaka wesibili wokuphila. Vuna okuningana, kuze kufike ku-40 kg we-plum esihlahleni esisodwa esidala. Izithelo ezinhlobonhlobo ezincane zincane, kuthi ku-cultivars zifinyelele ku-60 g. Spread plum ibizwa nangokuthi i-cherry, i-cherry noma i-cherry plum, ine-subspecies eminingana (i-Nigra, Elegans nezinye). Umbala obomvu omnyama wamahlamvu kanye namahlumela unikeza iplamu isimilo sokuhlobisa, siyenze ibukeke njenge-sakura.
Izinhlobonhlobo zimelana kabi nezifo ezimnyama kanye nembobo yokuqothula nezinambuzane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ayizukubekezelela ubusika bangeziqhwa, ngenxa yalokho izithombo ezincane zidinga indawo yokukhosela.
Zombili izingadi nezinhlobiso zokuhlobisa zamapulangwe zinabamele abaningi abaningi, ngakho-ke ukukhetha isihlahla esifanele ingadi ngeke kube yinkinga.
