IMedinilla (Medinilla) emhlabeni iyatholakala ezindaweni ezinamkhawulo: eziqhingini zeziqhingi zaseMalay, ezindaweni ezishisayo zase-Afrika, eMadagascar. Ngendlela yayo, inezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-400 zezihlahlana.
IMedinilla isho izinhlobo ezihlala ziluhlaza zezihlahlana, ezifika cishe ku-2 m ukuphakama. Amagatsha avame ukungabi nalutho, kepha futhi akhanya kancane, ayindilinga, anobambo. Amaqabunga aphelele, ngokuba nemithambo engu-8-9, iqine, ikhalwe ngekhanda noma ihlukile.
I-Medinilla idonsela ukunaka okukhethekile kuyo ngezimbali ezinhle. Aqoqwe ngamaphaneli, alengiswe esitshalweni, apinki, amhlophe noma abomvu opinki. I-Medinilla phakathi kwabatshali bezimbali iyaziswa bobabili bokuhlobisa okukhethekile kwamaqabunga nezimbali.
Kunzima kakhulu ukunakekela i-medinilla ekhaya, ngakho-ke kuvame ukutholakala kukhula ezingadini ze-botanical, zokugcina izithombo zokugcina izithombo noma zokugcina izithombo. Lesi sitshalo sithanda ukuba ngaphansi kokubusa okuchazwe ngokuqinile kwezinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama ophezulu.
Umlando wemvelaphi yegama lalesi sitshalo uthakazelisa kakhulu. UMedinilla igama lakhe wabonga kumbusi welinye lamakoloni amaningi eSpain, uH. De Medinilla kanye noPineda. EYurophu, isithombo sezimbali saqala ukubonakala eNgilandi engadini kaMnu Veich ngo-1850.
Ukunakekelwa kweMedinilla Ekhaya
Indawo nokukhanyisa
Ukukhula medinilla kudinga ukukhanya okukhanyayo, kepha amaqabunga kufanele afihlwe elangeni elivuthayo eliqondile. Uma kungekho kukhanya okwanele kwesitshalo, khona-ke ngeke siqhakaze, noma alahle izimbali ezivele zikhona kanye namahlumela. Uma igumbi lingenakho ukukhanya okukhanyayo, khona-ke kuyodingeka ukusebenzisa ama-phytolamp akhethekile noma amalambu we-fluorescent.
Indawo ekahle yesitshalo ingamafasitela asentshonalanga noma asempumalanga. Igumbi eliseningizimu nalo lilungile, kepha kubalulekile ukugqamisa imisebe yelanga.
Ukushisa
Ukushisa okukhona egumbini nesitshalo kufanele kugcinwe njalo endaweni ephakeme. Lokhu kungenxa yendawo asuka kuyo (amahlathi emvula). Ukushisa komoya akufanele kwehle ngaphansi kwama-degree angama-20-25.
Ezinyangeni zobusika kusukela ngoDisemba kuya kuJanuwari, i-medinilla izophumula, ngakho-ke ungangehlisa izinga lokushisa libe ngama-degrees ayi-16. Isitshalo asikubekezeleli ukweqisa kwezinga lokushisa nokuklanywa. Ngeke futhi ibekwe eduze kwemishini yokushisa.
Ukunisela
I-Medinilla idinga ukuthambisa okujwayelekile ngesikhathi sokukhula nezimbali. Inhlabathi akufanele yome ngokuphelele. Ngokushesha lapho ungqimba oluphezulu lwomahluko ongaphansi komhlaba, ungakwazi ukunisela isitshalo. Ekwindla nasebusika, lapho isitshalo siphumule, ukuthambisa kuyancipha. Inhlabathi kumele ibe nesikhathi sokomisa ifike ku-2-3 cm ukusuka ebusweni. NgoJanuwari nangoFebhuwari, ukuthambisa kuncishiswa nangaphezulu. Ukunisela kufanele kwenziwe ngamanzi ahlanzekile, axazululiwe at lokushisa lasekamelweni noma ngaphezulu okuphezulu.
Umswakama womoya
I-Medinilla ivela emahlathini anomswakama futhi ashisayo, ngakho-ke umswakama womoya oseduze akufanele uwele ngaphansi kwama-75%. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kaningana ngosuku, amaqabunga esitshalo afafazwa ngamanzi afudumele, axazululiwe, kugwema ukuxhumana nezimbali.
Kuzoba wusizo ukubeka imbiza nesitshalo kutreyi ngesihlabathi esimanzi noma ngobumba olwandisiwe. Ukuze uthole umswakama owengeziwe, ungasebenzisa isitsha samanzi, esibekwe eduze kwesitshalo noma umswakama okhethekile. Ukusuka komoya owomile, amaqabunga e-medinilla aba mancane, alahlekelwe ukuhlobisa kwawo, futhi isitshalo ngokwaso siba singazinzi emiphumeleni yezinambuzane nezifo.
Inhlabathi
Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, i-medinilla isitshalo se-epiphytic futhi itholakala esihlahleni naseziqwini zezinye izihlahla nezihlahla. Izingxube zokutshala isitshalo ebhodweni azidingi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kube okuxekethile, okuvundile, okune-acidic kancane.
Ukwakheka kwenhlabathi efanelekile kwe-medinilla kuqukethe umhlaba wamashidi, umhlaba we-turf, isihlabathi, i-peat ne-humus ngokwesilinganiso 2: 2: 1: 1: 1. Ezitolo ezikhethekile zezimbali, izingxube ezenziwe ngomumo zama-epiphytes ziyathengiswa, ungazisebenzisa. Isimo esibalulekile ukufakwa kwesendlalelo sokudonsa phansi ezansi kwembiza. Lokhu ngeke kuvume ukuthi umswakama ugwinye, futhi uhlelo lwezimpande ngeke luhlushwa ukubola.
Umanyolo kanye nomanyolo
IMedinilla idinga ukondla njalo ngomanyolo wezitshalo zokuhlobisa izimbali. Udinga ukufaka ukugqoka isikhathi esingu-1 ngezinsuku eziyi-10. Ehlobo, lesi sitshalo singondliwa ngomanyolo we-organic, kepha hhayi ngaphezulu kwezikhathi ezi-3. Ngokuqala kwekwindla futhi kuze kube sentwasahlobo, ngesikhathi sokuphumula, i-medinilla ayidingi ukondliwa.
Ukufakelwa
Imedinilla ekhula ngentshiseko isitshalwa minyaka yonke, kepha isitshalo esidala sidinga ukufakelwa kanye kuphela njalo eminyakeni engama-2-3. Lapho ukufakelwa, kwenziwa i-medinilla bese kwakhiwa umqhele.
Izihlahla nenhlanzeko
Indawo enkulu yamaqabunga iqoqa uthuli lwendlu ngokwayo, ngakho-ke inqubo ebalulekile ukuwasula njalo ngendwangu ethambile. Isitshalo sithanda ukugeza okufudumele kwamaqabunga, kodwa kubalulekile ukugwema umswakama ezimbali nasemhlabathini. Ngemuva kokuphela kwemedinilla, iyanqunywa.
Ukukhiqizwa kweMedinilla
Izindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokukhiqiza kabusha i-medinilla ukuwukhulisa ngembewu noma ukusikwa.
Izinhlanyelo zokutshala zingathengwa noma zitholwe esitshalweni sasekhaya. Imbewu itshalwa emabhodweni aphansi ngoFebhuwari nangoMashi. Isendlalelo sokutshala kufanele sibe nengxube yesihlabathi nomhlaba wesod. Izimbiza kufanele zibe sezimweni ezifudumele, ungahlela ngisho nokugcina ama-green-makhaza. Amahlumela abonakale edonsa futhi kamuva adluliselwa emabhodweni njengezitshalo ezindala.
Ukusakazwa kwe-medinilla ngokusikwa, isikhathi esisuka kuJanuwari kuya ku-Meyi kufanelekile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukusikeka ngezinso ezi-3. Zitshalwe endaweni engaphansi, embozwe ngembiza noma ifilimu ngaphezulu, futhi zigcinwa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu - cishe ama-25-30 degrees. Izimpande zemisiko ivela ngemuva kwamasonto ayi-5. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinqubo zidluliselwa njengesitshalo esidala ekubeni yisakhiwana esilungiselelwe ngaphambili.
Ubunzima obukhulayo
Ukungapheleli kwangaphandle okuvela emaqabungeni noma ezimbalini zesitshalo kungakhombisa ukunakekelwa okungafanele.
- Ukuhlanekezela noma ukuqothuka kwamaqabunga kukhombisa umswakama ophansi.
- Ukuphuma kweqabunga kuyinkinga ekushintsheni njalo kwesitshalo.
- Uma i-medinilla ingajabulisanga nokuqhakaza kwayo isikhathi eside, lokhu kungasho ukukhanyisa okunganele, umswakama ophansi noma izinga lokushisa eliphansi.
- Uma amabala ansundu avela emaqabungeni naseziqu, khona-ke lapha singakhuluma ngokuqiniseka ngokunqotshwa kwesitshalo ngesifo se-fungal iBotritis. Ungalwa nayo ngosizo lwama-fungicides, ususe izingxenye zesitshalo ezazithintekile ngaphambili.
Izinhlobo ezidumile ze-medinilla
Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-400 zezinhlobo zemedinilla emvelweni, kepha ezilandelayo zithandwa kakhulu.
Imithambo ye-Medinilla - Imvelaphi yaseMalaysia. Le shrubbery inendlela yokuphila ye-semi-epiphytic, amahlumela ayindilinga, ambozwe ngebala ezinwele ezifana noboya. Amaqabunga agqamile, abunjiwe ngendlela. Ububanzi bamaqabunga buyi-5-9 cm, futhi ubude buvela ku-9 kuya ku-20 cm. Kunemithambo eyi-7 emaqabungeni, imiphetho ikhonjisiwe. I-Blooms medinilla vein ngezimbali ezincane eziqoqwe ku-beige inflorescence.
IMedinilla yinhle (yinhle) - kutholakala kuphela emahlathini ashisayo asePhilippine Islands noma eJava. Ayitholakali ekuphakameni ngaphezu kwe-0,5 km ngaphezu kolwandle. IMedinilla yinhle - iyisihlahla cishe esingu-1.5 m esinamagatsha awugqinsi woboya. Amacembe amakhulu, i-ovate oblong. Ububanzi bungafinyelela ku-15 cm, ubude - cishe ama-35 cm. Umbala wamaqabunga uluhlaza okotshani, obukeka ngesikhumba ngokubukeka. I-medinilla ebabazekayo yezimbali ibhulashi elilengela elinamabala amaningi, lifinyelela ku-30 cm ubude. Amabhulashi abomvu apinki. IMedinilla enhle iyaziswa ngezimpawu zayo eziphezulu zokuhlobisa. Womabili amaqabunga nama-inflorescence abhekwa njengabahle. Lesi ngesinye sezinhlobo ezimbalwa ezingatshalwa ebhodweni ekhaya noma ezimweni zokugcina ukushisa.
I-Medinilla Cumming - ikhula ezindaweni ezinomswakama ezinomswakama zasePhilippine Islands. I-shrub ihola indlela yokuphila ye-epiphytic, inamaqabunga ama-ellong, amakhulu, aze afike ku-20 cm ububanzi kanye nama-30 cm ubude. Imifino kumaqabunga 7. Izimbali zikhulu, zingaba cm 5 ububanzi, ziqoqwe ngebhulashi, ziqonde, zipinki. Izimbali isikhathi Medinilla Cuming - kusukela ngo-March kuya ku May.
