Le mbali ebushelelezi nenhle ingumhlobiso wanoma iyiphi ingadi futhi ayisihambi ngendlela ebukeka ngayo. Noma uhlala eSiberia, ungakhula ngempumelelo i-gladioli, ulandela imithetho yokutshala nokunakekela.
UGladioli kafishane
IGladiolus (fennel) isitshalo esidala esingowomndeni wakwa-iris. I-specimens ephezulu kakhulu ifinyelela kumitha owodwa nesigamu ukuphakama. Izinhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo ezihlanganisa cishe yonke imibala ye-gamut - kusuka iqhwa-elimhlophe kuya cishe kumnyama, kufaka phakathi amathunzi aluhlaza. Ikhula kahle futhi iqhakaza ezindaweni ezinelanga. Isitshalo sisakazeka ngama-corms. I-anyanisi yonyaka etshalwe entwasahlobo phakathi nenkathi idliwe ngokuphelele futhi iyafa. Kule ndawo, kwakheka ama-bulbs angafika amathathu esikhundleni sezingane ezincane.
Ukuze kutshalwe i-gladioli eSiberia, izinhlobo ezinenkathi yokuqala yezimbali noma ephakathi kufanelekile ukuthi ama-bulbs avuthwe.
Ukukhethwa kwesiza nokulungiswa kwenhlabathi ye-gladioli
Indawo enhle esizeni izoba yindawo enelanga eningizimu eningizimu, evikelekile emimoyeni ebandayo futhi ngaphandle kokuntengantenga kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Ukuvikelwa okuhle komoya kungaba uthango, udonga lwendlu noma i-trellis enezitshalo ezikhuphukayo. Lezi zimbali azikwazi ukuma ezindaweni eziwugwadule. Uma isiza siphansi, ngaphansi kwe-gladioli udinga ukwenza umbhede ophakeme nge-drainage. Ukulungiselela kwentwasahlobo kwe-gladioli yokutshala eSiberia kuqala ekwindla. Bamba indawo ekhethiwe, ukhululeke okhula, bese ufaka umanyolo:
- phosphoric, potash,
- umlotha
- umquba noma umquba obolile
Ngemhlabathi enobumba esindayo, kufanele inezelwe isihlabathi.
Yonke imanyolo isetshenziswa ngokujulile, ngoba uhlelo lwempande lwe-gladioli lwakha amahlosi amabili futhi luya ekujuleni kwama-30-40 cm.
Ukulungiselela kwe-corm yasentwasahlobo nokuhluma
Isikhathi sokutshala i-gladioli eSiberia singashintsha ngokusuka esifundeni nasendaweni yakho. Udinga ukugxila ekushiseni kwenhlabathi. Ngesikhathi sokutshala, kufanele some futhi sifudumele kuze kufike ku-10-15 degrees. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka engxenyeni yokuqala kaMeyi.
Inyanga ngaphambi kosuku okulindelwe ngalo, ama-bulbs kufanele alungiselele:
- ukuphuma endaweni yokubeka bese uhlanza kusuka kumagobolondo awomile;
- hlola ngokucophelela bese ulahla owomile nabagulayo;
- phatha ama-potassium permanganate nanoma yisiphi isidakamizwa i-antifungal - Maxim, Fundazol;
- kokuqhakaza kwezimbali kwangaphambili, ungafaka ama-bulbs kuzithuthukisi zokukhula - Epin, Energen.
Lapho ama-gladioli ama-gladioli engcolisiwe, angaqala ukumila. ESiberia, le nqubo izosiza ukufezekisa izimbali zangaphambilini nokuvuthwa ngempumelelo kokutshala. Ngokuhluma, ikamelo elifudumele nelikhanyayo elinomswakama olinganiselayo kufanelekile. Amabhulabhu abekwe phansi kungqimba olulodwa. Ngezinsuku eziyi-10-15, kufanele kuphunyuke.
Uma kungekho amahlumela avela emasontweni ama-2, izinto zokutshala zokutshala azifanele.
Ungakhula kanjani izithombo ze-gladioli
Uma izinhlobonhlobo zingafani ekuqhakaza kwezimbali zokuqala, imbali ingatshalwa ngokutshala. ESiberia, kuyadingeka ukuthola i-gladioli yokuhluma kwezithombo ekugcineni kobusika, ngesikhathi lapho ukutshala upelepele ne-isitshalo seqanda kuvame ukuqala khona. Ngemuva kokulungiselela, ama-nezilimo eziyizigaxa atshalwe emabhokisini anenhlabathi evundile aze ajule ngo-1-1.5 cm. Umhlabathi ugcinwa ngokulinganayo uneswakama Amabhokisi abekwa endaweni efudumele nenokhanyayo. Ngesikhathi sokutshala, izithombo kufanele zibe nohlelo lwezimpande oluthuthukisiwe namaqabunga amaningana.
Ukufakwa kwe-gladioli emhlabathini
Ukutshala kwentwasahlobo kwe-gladioli endaweni evulekile eSiberia kuyahlangana nesikhathi lapho inhlabathi ifudumala ifinyelela kuma-8-10 degrees futhi ngeke kube khona amathuba amaqabunga obusuku.
Ukufaka ama-bulbs esikhundleni sezingane ezimbiwe ekwindla kufanelekile ukutshala. Ungatshala i-gladiolus emiseleni noma ekudlekeni emibhedeni yezimbali. Amabhuleki abekwe phezu kwesihlabathi esomile, kuya ekujuleni kuka-5-8 cm, ibanga phakathi kwawo ngokulandelana kufanele libe yi-10-15 cm, naphakathi kwemigqa - 25-30. Izingane zitshalwa ekujuleni kuka-3-4 cm, zenze izikhala ezingama-2-3 cm. Zisongele kuqala ngosuku lwamanzi afudumele. Ngemuva kokutshala, imithombo iniselwa ngamanzi afudumele.
Izidunjana ezinganeni kufanele zinqunywe ukuze ithole isibani esikhulu semakethe ekwindla.
Ukunakekelwa kweGladiolus
Ukutshala okufanele nokunakekelwa okufanele kwe-gladioli kuzoqinisekisa ukukhula okunamandla nokuqhakaza okuningana kwezimo ngisho nasezimeni ezinzima zaseSiberia.
Ngaphambi kokuba kuqhume izithombo, ama-tubers kufanele aniselwe kakhulu ngesizotha nangokunakekela ukuze umhlaba ungahlangani. Ngemuva kokuvela kokuhluma kokuqala, ukunisela kuyanda. Kungcono ukunisela hhayi ngaphansi kwempande, kodwa kuma-grooves aseduze. Inhlabathi ngaphansi kwezimbali ivulwa njalo ukuze umoya ungene ezimpandeni, ukhula luyasuswa. Ngemuva kokuvela kwama-peduncle, izinhlobo ezinde kufanele ziboshwe kwizikhonkwane.
Ukuvikelwa kwezinambuzane nezifo
IGladioli isengozini yezifo zokukhunta nezihlakala. Yehlisa amathuba ezifo zokukhunta ukulungiselela okulungile kokutshala impahla, ukunakekelwa okufanele kanye nokufafaza okufika ngesikhathi kwezitshalo. Isampula ezigulayo kufanele zisuswe engadini ngenhlama yomhlaba, le ndawo kufanele ichithwe nanoma yisiphi isikhunta, bese ifafazwa ngezihlahla ezisele ezinempilo.
Kusuka kuhambo, ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa ezifana noDecis, Iskra, Actellik, uFufanon kuyasiza.
Ukuvimbelwa kwezifo kuqukethe ukuthambisa okulinganiselayo, ukutshala okungekho emthethweni nokususwa kokhula.
Ukuqoqwa kanye nokugcinwa kwezinto zokutshala
Ama bulbs kanye nezingane aqoqelwe ukugcinwa ekwindla, ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa. Kukholelwa ukuthi bavuthwa ngokugcwele ezinsukwini ezingama-35 ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali. Izitshalo zemba ngokucophelela ngefosholo noma i-pitchfork, ziqikelela ukuthi zingonakalisi. Ngemuva kokumba, udinga ukusula umhlabathi bese usika isiqu. Ngemuva kwalokhu, nezilimo eziyizigaxa zibekelwe ukomiswa.
Efulethini zingagcinwa esiqandisini, zigoqwe izingqimba eziningana zamaphephandaba nesikhwama sepulasitiki. Ephaketheni udinga ukwenza izimbobo zokufaka umoya omncane. Izinto zokutshala nazo zingagcinwa esisele esomile futhi esihlanzekile.
Ngakho-ke, ukubona le mithetho elula yokutshala nokunakekela, ngisho naseSiberia, gladioli ingatshalwa. Izinhlobo eziningana zokuqala ezinezikhathi zezimbali ezihlukile ziyojabulisa umlimi onekhono iningi ehlobo.
