Ukukhula nge-rhubarb kusayithi lakho kuwumsebenzi ongasebenza kunoma yimuphi umlimi. I-Buckwheat perennial ingumthombo wezakhi zemvelo ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-rhubarb zivuthwa kusenesikhathi lapho eminye imifino ingakatholakali.
Izici zikaRhubarb
Imifino enezithelo eziphakeme, i-rhubarb, isitshalo esingapheli somndeni we-buckwheat. Yaziswa eYurophu ivela eMpumalanga Asia. Ibekezelela ukubanda futhi inikeze umkhiqizo ophezulu. Lesi sitshalo sinezimpande ezinamanzi nesiqu esiqondile, ukuphakama kwawo kungafinyelela kumamitha amathathu. Amaqabunga amakhulu e-rhubarb ahlala kuma-petioles amade adliwayo. Ukuze uthole isivuno esihle nesiseqophelweni eliphezulu lapho kukhula i-rhubarb, inhlabathi enomswakama iyadingeka, kepha asikho isidingo sokukhanya okuqhubekayo.
I-Rhubarb iyafana kwezondlamzimba kuma-apula. Amaminerali kanye namavithamini, i-pectin kanye nama-organic acid aqukethe kulesitshalo abalulekile kubantu. Le mifino inezici ezi-diuretic ne-laxative futhi isetshenziselwa ukuvikela ukugabha, ukuhlanza isibindi ne-bile ecekeceke. NgoMeyi, lapho kungasenazithelo nemifino, i-rhubarb isivele isetshenziswe kumasaladi, ukulungiselela ama-compotes, i-jelly, i-kvass newayini.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-rhubarb ezihlukile kukhwalithi ye-petioles (obomvu nokuluhlaza) nesikhathi sokuvuthwa:
- EMoscow 42;
- IVictoria
- Tukums 5;
- U-Org 13;
Ukuze usebenzise imifino isikhathi eside, kufanele kube engadini, utshale okungenani izinhlobo ezimbili ngezinsuku ezahlukahlukene zokuvuthwa.
I-Rhubarb ingasakazwa ngezindlela ezimbili:
- ngezithombo ezikhulwe kusuka ezinhlanyelweni
- ukwahlukaniswa kwezimpande
Ukutshala nokunakekela i-rhubarb
Lapho ukhetha indawo yokutshala nokunakekela endaweni evulekile, izakhiwo ezilandelayo ze-rhubarb kumele zibhekwe:
- I-Rhubarb iyisitshalo se-perennial, ngaphezu kwalokho, ayidingi ukufakelwa futhi ayikubekezeleli, ikhula endaweni efanayo iminyaka eyi-10-15, inika isivuno esihle.
- Kwenza ukuthi indawo ifike emthunzini, kepha ezindaweni ezinelanga noma ezinombala omncane ikhula kamnandi, ibe yinhle futhi iziqu zinambitheke kangcono.
- Isitshalo si-hygrophilous, kepha asikubekezeleli ukugcotshwa kwamanzi. Ngakho-ke, akufanele uyitshale ezindaweni eziphansi lapho amanzi angaqina noma eduze kwezidumbu zamanzi.
- Ikhetha inhlabathi evundile futhi evulekile nge-pH engathathi hlangothi. Emhlabathini onesihlabathi esindayo noma wobumba, kanye ne-acid noma i-alkaline rhubarb izokhula kabi.
Ukutshala nokunakekela i-rhubarb akunzima ikakhulukazi. Okokuqala, indlela yokukhiqiza iyakhethwa.
Indlela yokusabalalisa imifino
Ekusakazweni kokutshala imifino, izitshalo ezinempilo ezineminyaka engu-3-4 ubudala zisetshenziswa. Amakati amadala wokuzala awanconywa. Ngemuva kokumba ngokucophelela ehlathini, ngommese obukhali usike impande ezingxenyeni eziningana, ngamunye okufanele abe namahlumela okukhula okungenani angama-1-2. Umonakalo obangelwa i-rhizome ufafazwa kahle ngomlotha wezinkuni noma owenziwe nge-carbon powder. Awukwazi ukugaya izihlahla futhi uwahlanganyele ngqo emhlabathini ngefosholo. Izingxenye ezihlukanisiwe zesitshalo zitshalwa emigodini ebanzi, embozwe ngumhlaba futhi icindezelwe kakhulu, ihlumela lokukhula kufanele lihlale ngaphezulu. Emithonjeni elungiselelwe, kungakuhle ukuthi uthele i-humus encane noma umquba ngaphambi kokutshala.
Ukwehlukaniswa kwesihlahla kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho inhlabathi ifudumala kancane, noma phakathi ekwindla, ukuze isitshalo sikwazi ukuvela ngaphambi kokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo.
Ukusakazwa kwembewu kusetshenziselwa ukukhulisa uhlobo noma isitshalo esisha okokuqala.
I-Rhubarb ikhula kusuka ezinhlanyelweni ngokusebenzisa izithombo, ezitholakala kusuka imbewu ngaphambi kokugcwala ngaphambi kokuvuvukala. Khulisa imbewu ngaphansi kwesigaxa esimanzi noma i-rag, uyithambisa ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngemuva kokuvela kokuqhuma kwezinhlama ezingaba ngu-2 cm ubude, imbewu yomile bese ihlwanyelwa. Tshala imbewu enhlabathini enganyakazisiwe. Ngosuku lwesine noma lwesihlanu ngemuva kokuhlwanyela, ungabona amahlumela wokuqala we-rhubarb. Ukujula kokufakwa akufanele kudlule cm 3. Lapho kukhula i-rhubarb, ukusetshenziswa kungafika ku-4 amagremu wembewu ngemitha yesikwele. I-Rhubarb itshalwe ngemigqa ebangeni elingamasentimitha angama-25. Ngemuva kokuvela kwamaqabunga ezitshalweni, ziyakhishwa ziphume. Ibanga phakathi kwezithombo kufanele libe ngu-20 cm.
Esikhathini esizayo, ukunakekela izithombo kuqukethe ekuniseleni, uma kunesidingo, ukhula, ukukhulula, ukufaka umanyolo. Ekwindla thola izithombo ezifika ku-30 cm ukuphakama ezinamaqabunga amathathu kuya amane.
Ngemuva kobusika, izithombo zitshalelwa ukutshala izimbobo ebangeni elingaba ngamamitha ayi 1. Inhlabathi kufanele ihlanganiswe ngokuqinile nezimpande zezinto zokutshala. Kulokhu, kunconywa izinso eliphezulu ukuba linciphe ngaphansi komhlaba kungabi ngamasentimitha amabili. Uma inhlabathi ingemanzi, khona-ke izinto zokutshala ziyaniselwa. Ngokuzayo, i-rhubarb iyaniselwa (uma kunesidingo) nemicibisholo isuswe. Umhlabathi uyakhululwa ukhula. Ukuthola isivuno esihle, ukufaka umquba kumanyolo kuyinto efiselekayo. Galela inhlabathi njalo ngeminyaka engama-3-4, wethula amabhakede ama-1-2 wezinto eziphilayo ngemitha ngayinye yesikwele.
IRhubarb ingalinyazwa yizilokazane (indlovu, flea, bug) kanye nezifo (ascochitosis, grey rot).
Imithi yokubulala izinambuzane ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni ingasetshenziswa kuphela ngemuva kokuqoqa ukusikeka komsoco.
Ukuze ungasenzi buthaka isitshalo futhi uthole isivuno esizinzile isikhathi eside, kungakuhle ukuthi uvune isivuno (petioles) kusuka onyakeni wesibili ngemuva kokutshala. Ukuvuna kwenziwa kaningana phakathi nenkathi. Izimbambo ziqhekeka phansi lapho ubukhulu bazo bufika ngaphezu kuka-1.5 cm nobude obungamasentimitha angama-30. Eminyakeni emithathu yokuqala, isivuno singama-1-2 kg we-petioles, futhi eminyakeni elandelayo sifinyelela ku-6 kg esihlahleni esisodwa.
