IHaworthia imele iqembu elingaphansi le-Asphodelidae, nalo eliyingxenye yomndeni wakwaXanthorrhoeae. Ikhula eziphethwini nasezigwadule eningizimu nasentshonalanga eseningizimu yezwekazi lase-Afrika, ezimweni zemvelo kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-70.
Lezi zitshalo ezimnandi zibekezelela kalula izimo zezulu ezishisayo ezweni lakubo, zikhula ngisho nasemhlabathini ompofu futhi owomile, ziqongelela umswakama omningi nezakhi zomzimba ezinhlamvu zazo ezinamahlamvu. Ezindaweni ezishisayo, i-haworthia ikhula kuphela njenge -planethi yendlu.
Izinhlobo zama-Haworthia zezithombe namagama
Imigqa yeHaworthia - ukubukeka okuthandwa kakhulu "ekhaya". Inamahlamvu amancane, anamanzi (afana ne-aloe) cm angama-5- 10 cm, phansi kweqabunga kunamanani amaningi okukhanya okudala imicu eshintshashintshayo. Ububanzi bokuphuma kweshidi awudluli ku-15 cm.
Ezinye izinhlobo ze-haworthia, ezikhulele ekhaya, zingahluka kakhulu ngemicu kangangokuba ekuqaleni ungaze ukholwe ukuthi zingamalungu aloluhlobo olufanayo. Abaziwa kakhulu kubo:
I-Haworthia Cooper - Imfushane (ubude bayo bungama-2,5 cm), enamaqabunga aluhlaza okwesikhashana okukhishwa kuwo.
I-Haworthia pearl - Ifinyelela ku-8 cm ubude, amahlamvu ezinhlangothini zombili ambozwe amarothi amhlophe, atholwe ngokungenakhethe.
Scaphoid haworthia - oqanjwe ngokusho kwezinhlaka zemibhalo ecishe ibe bushelelezi yombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, nobubanzi be-rosette ka-8-10 cm, inefomu eli-wax elihlanganisiwe ekukhiqizeni kwezitshalo.
Hawoltia limonifolia - ukubukeka okuhlobisa kakhulu, kufana nenkanyezi eyindilinga, enobubanzi beqabunga nethiphu emincane, iqabunga ngalinye lidwetshwe kuluhlaza obumnyama, imivimbo yegolide igcwalise ubude bayo bonke.
Haworthia retusa (kufipiwe) - enamaqabunga aqinile amathathu-emaceleni agobeke phezulu, kungaba luhlaza okumsulwa, noma ngothayela obomvu noma onsundu, afinyelela ku-5 cm ubude, ehlanganiswe ngamawindi asobala nemivimbo elula.
I-Haworthia pearl - amahlamvu awo aluhlaza ambozwe ukukhula okungahleliwe okumhlophe.
I-haworthia ehlisiwe - okuphansi (2 cm ukuphakama, 10 ububanzi), kuyabonakala kalula ngamahlamvu anxande ngesigaba sesiphambano, kuyilapho iziphetho zamashidi zibonakala zinqanyuliwe (zincishisiwe).
Haworthia Reinwardt - Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukubukwa okuphakeme - okufika ku-20 cm ubude, nomehluko ohlukile kubo bonke abanye, kuboniswe eqinisweni lokuthi unxantathu, izimbali zangaphakathi ezinomkhawulo zangaphakathi ezinemikhawulo ekhonjisiwe nokukhula okumhlophe kukhula kusuka ekuhlolweni.
I-Haworthia band enkulu
Ukuhlobisa okukhulu, amaqabunga amade amfishane amnyama angenamikhawulo amnyama afinyelela ku-5-10 cm ubude kusuka ngaphansi kunama-blotches amhlophe akhanyayo akha imichilo.
Haworthia Marginata - Inikezwe ngamahlamvu anzima kakhulu acwebezelayo, njengokungathi aqoshwe kupulasitiki.
Kudonswe oHaworthia - Ifana nemicu, kodwa imicu ye-convex emhlophe ithathelwa indawo ngamachashazi amhlophe naluhlaza okotshani.
UHaworthia wethukile - Kufana nokukhiqiza iparele, kepha amaqabunga awo mancane, aphakeme, akhonjwe isikhathi eside, kanti ukukhula kwawo kuncane futhi kube mncane, ikakhulukazi ohlangothini olungezansi.
Windor haworthia - inamaqabunga angama-2,5 cm, i-convex ngezansi, eboshwe ngokuqondile, luhlaza okotshani, obukhothwe ngentuthuko encane.
I-haworthia kaMose (chess) - - ngamafushane akhanyayo, awugqinsi, futhi agobekile ngaphandle, enemigqa egqamile yamaqabunga, ahamba ngemisebe yelanga ngopende omnyama onsundu.
Haworthia mfishane (i-pygmy) - amahlamvu aminyene atholakala ngaphezulu angenhla ayisiyaluyalu, okwenza afane nolimi lwekati.
Haworthia Maugani - kungaba okungavamile kakhulu kuwo wonke ama-Haworthia, ngesokisi elenziwe ngamashidi we-cylindrical, emaphethelweni awo kukhona amafasitela asobala (futhi ngezinye izikhathi anesithombe).
Ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya kwe-Haworthia
Akunzima ukunakekela i-haworthy ekhaya, ngoba, njengazo zonke iziphikiso, ayizithobi. Ngokwemvelo, ukhetha ukukhula ezindaweni ezifihlwe elangeni eliqondile, futhi, ngakho-ke, efulethini kuyadingeka ukumhlinzeka ngomthunzi othile - ishelufu eliphakathi kwekamelo, elinamafasitela alo abheke eningizimu, afanelekile.
Ngokungabikho komthunzi ngokuphelele egumbini, kungcono ukuguqula amafasitela, ngesikhathi esifanayo akunakwenzeka ukudala izimo zokukhanya okunganele, ngoba lokhu kuzothinta amahlamvu okuhlobisa.
I-Echeveria isitshalo esimnandi esidotshwa kalula lapho ishiya ikhaya, isitshalo singowomndeni iCrassulaceae futhi sinenqwaba yezinhlobo nezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Ungathola izincomo zokukhula nokunakekelwa kule ndatshana.
Ukunisela Haworthia
Ukunisela isitshalo kufanele kube okulinganiselayo. Ukwehla komswakama wenhlabathi akufanele kuvunyelwe - ngemuva kokuba umhlaba usomile ngokuphelele, uniselwa kanye njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-5 ukuya kwezi-10. Ngemuva kokunisela, khipha amanzi epanini.
Ngale nqubo, kudingeka amanzi amile, ngoba usawoti owakha umpompi ungabhubhisa uhlelo lwezimpande. Isidingo sokunisela ngakunye ukugwema ukuthola amanzi ngamahlamvu naphakathi nendawo yokuphuma.
Inhlabathi ye-Haworthia
Izingxenye ezilandelayo ngezilinganiso ezilinganayo zisetshenziswa engxenyeni yenhlabathi ngaphansi kwe Haworthia: ubumba-umfantu, umhlaba onesihlabathi nesihlabathi. Futhi esitolo ungathenga i-substrate eyenziwe ngomumo eyenziwe yama-anculents.
Imbiza kumele ihlinzekwe ngamanzi. Ukungeza, ngaphezu kokudonswa amanzi, izitini ezichotshoziwe ku-crumb, ungacishe ukhohlwe mayelana nokuthambisa isikhathi sobusika sokuphumula - isitshalo sizoba nokuphuza okwanele kwezinsuku ezingama-30.
Ukufakelwa kwe-Haworthia
Kunconywa izitshalo zabantu abadala ukuthi zithathelwe indawo kanye eminyakeni emi-2, ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo, kepha esimweni sokukhula okuncane, kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlanganyele kwinqubo - ukuyenza minyaka yonke. Lapho izimpande ziqala ukwanda, imbiza idinga ukwandiswa.
Njengoba izimpande zitholakala ngaphezulu, kungakuhle ukhethe imbiza ephansi ebanzi. Kufanele kwaziwe ukuthi kuzoba lula ukuthi isitshalo sikhule uma uhlelo lwaso lwezimpande lucindezelwe, ngakho-ke imbiza enobukhulu obuningana ayifanele lapha. Lapho utshala, awudingi ukujula izimpande!
Umanyolo we-haworthia
Umanyolo we-haworthia usetshenziswa njalo ngenyanga esikhathini sentwasahlobo-ehlobo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa isixazululo esikhethekile sezitshalo ze-cacti noma zokuhlobisa ezinesihlahla.
Lapho inhlabathi igcwele imichilo yezimbiwa, amahlamvu angashintsha umbala.
Ukuthena i-Haworthia
Esilungiselweni segumbi, amaHaworthia aqhakaza kakhulu. Ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, ama-specimens amadala akhiqiza ama-pedlong we-oblong angahlukaniswa ngokuhlobisa, yize, ngokwesibonelo, ukuqhuma kwe-haworthia scaphoid kuyinto enhle impela. Noma kunjalo, ochwepheshe bacebisa ukusika umoba wezimbali ngokushesha nje kokuvela, ukuze ungachithi amandla wesitshalo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izinhlobo zifa ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqhakaza. Ngokuthokozisayo, ukuthi kungcono kangakanani ukunakekelwa kwe-haworthia, kuncipha kakhulu ukuqhuma, futhi uma isikhathi esinjalo sesifikile, udinga ukulinda ukuthi iphele, futhi uhlukanise ngokucophelela i-peduncle esitshalweni.
Ungafaka futhi impova yezimbali ukuze kwakheke imbewu, okuyothi ngokuzayo ibe nosizo ekutshaleni, kodwa-ke, amandla amaningi azosetshenziswa ekuvuthweni kwembewu ukuthi lokhu kungaqeda ekufeni kwesitshalo.
Haworthia ebusika
Izinga lokushisa elilungile - 15-20 ℃ ehlobo no-10-12 ℃ ebusika. Izinga lokushisa eliphansi lizoholela ekufeni kwesitshalo. Ebusika, kufanele kuhanjiswe kuphole (lapho kungekho zinto zokufudumeza), kepha ngasikhathi sinye, qinisekisa izinga elifanele lokukhanya, ngaphandle kwalokho amahlamvu azophela futhi alahlekelwe yizimfanelo zakhe zokuhlobisa ngesikhathi sokuphumula. Ukondla ngesikhathi sokuphumula akukufanele.
Ngaphansi kwezimo zobusika obungafanele, uhlelo lwezimpande lungabola, khona-ke lesi sitshalo kufanele sisuswe ebhodweni, izingxenye zezimpande ezinqunyelwe ukubola kufanele zisuswe futhi zitshalwe zingene emhlabathini omusha.
Lapho kuqala intwasahlobo, imbiza idinga ukudluliselwa ekushiseni, futhi ehlobo ukuyibeka kuvulandi, kodwa hhayi elangeni eliqondile. Ekwindla, ngokushesha nje lapho izinga lokushisa lehlika ku-12-15 ℃ ebusuku, kufanele ulibuyisele egumbini elifudumele.
Ukufuya kweHavortia ngabantwana
I-Haworthia isakazeka ngezindlela ezi-3. Owokuqala yizingane. Izingane ezithole izimpande zihlukaniswa ngesikhathi sokufakelwa futhi zitshalwe esitsheni esihlukile nge-substrate emanzi.
Ungatshala ukuphuma kwendodakazi ngaphandle kohlelo lwezimpande - ukubangelwa kwezimpawu kuzokwenzeka endaweni engaphansi.
Ukusakazeka kwamaqabunga e-Haworthia
Indlela yesibili isebenzisa amaqabunga. Banqunywa noma baphulwe ngokucophelela, bese banikezwa izinsuku ezimbalwa ukuze zome. Ukutshala kwenziwa engxenyeni engaphansi yomisile.
Kuzothatha isikhathi esingangenyanga ngaphambi kokuba iqabunga liphume, futhi ngalesi sikhathi alikwazi ukuniselwa.
Ukusakazeka kwembewu ye-Haworthia
Indlela yesithathu - imbewu eyodwa - kunzima kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa, ngakho-ke kuyathakazelisa abafuyi kuphela. Inqubo yokuzalanisa yenziwa kangcono entwasahlobo, uyihlanganisa ne-transplant.
Akufanele udale i-greenhouse yesitshalo, ngoba uma usimboza, cishe kuzobola!
Izifo Nezinambuzane
IHaworthia ayithinteki kakhulu, kepha izinambuzane ezinjengempande kanye ne-aphid kwesinye isikhathi zibangela ukulimala okubonakalayo kuyo. Ukuvela kwesibungu sezimpande kuyinto ebonakalisayo ubomvu noma amaqabunga aphuzifuthi shintsha esimweni sabo.
Ukusakazeka okwengeziwe kwalesi sikhwanyana kubonakaliswa ngamabala amhlophe emhlabathini, emaphethelweni ebhodwe nopulangwe olunjenge-wax. Ukulwa naye kuqukethe izinyathelo eziningana:
- Isitsha esinesitshalo sidinga ukubekwa uphawu ngokugoqwa kwepulasitiki izinsuku ezimbalwa;
- Kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-14, amahlamvu kufanele aphathwe ngotshwala be-ethyl noma i-tincture ye-calendula;
- Ukucutshungulwa okwengeziwe - kusetshenziswa i-phytoerm, i-actara, i-fosalon, ukungena ngaphakathi nokunye okunjalo - kwenziwa izikhathi ezi-3-4, ukushintshana kwamalungiselelo, kube nemvamisa yezinsuku eziyi-14-16.
Uma kwenzeka kulimala i-aphid ishiya kancane yomile futhi igobe. Lesi sinambuzane singabhekelwa kusetshenziswa kuphela ama-ejenti amakhemikhali anjenge-Actellik ne-Actara ne-Intavir esivele sishiwo.
Ukwelashwa kufaka ukwelashwa okungama-3-4 ngokuphumula kwezinsuku eziyi-10-12, kanye nokushintshanisa nezinambuzane. Ukuvimbela ukuhlaselwa i-aphid, kanye ezinsukwini eziyi-7 lesi sitshalo singafafazwa ngokufakwa kwe-anyanisi noma ngomlotha kagwayi.
Uma i-haworthia ngokungazelelwe yayeka ukukhula, khona-ke izinga lokushisa lekamelo liphansi kakhulu. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi esikhathini esimanzi lokhu kuyinto evamile ngokuphelele, kepha uma kungukuthi kufika isikhathi sokukhula, amazinga okushisa egumbini kufanele anyuswe.
