Ama-eggplant, njengeminye imifino engadini, athambekele ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni. Ukugcwalisa zonke izincomo zokutshala izilimo emhlabathini ovulekile, unganciphisa inani lokwelashwa kwezitshalo kusuka ekulimaleni yizifo nezinambuzane. Futhi usebenzisa imikhiqizo yemvelo ukuvikela emizini yangasese ungathola imikhiqizo enobungani bemvelo.
Isitshalo seqandaIzinyathelo ze-Agrotechnical zokuvikela ama-isitshalo sangaphambi kwesifo
Isilinganiso esiyinhloko esinciphisa amandla omonakalo wokuqothuka kwesitshalo seqanda ngezifo zesikhunta ukuhlukaniswa kwendawo ngokwesiko, okungukuthi, ukutshalwa ekujikelezweni kwesiko kanye nokubuyela endaweni yalo yangaphambilini kunaseminyakeni engama-3-5.
Kuyadingeka ukuhlela ama-eggplant ngokusho kwabanduleli abanconyiwe: i-legumes, amakhabe, izaqathi, ukhukhamba, u-anyanisi, iklabishi yokuqala nabanye.
Tshala izithombo ezingamaqanda ezinempilo kuphela ezingenazimpawu zokulimala kwezifo noma izinambuzane.
Vikela ukutshala obukhulu, susa umanyolo omningi, ikakhulukazi Umanyolo we-nitrogen.
Ukutshala nokuhlwanyela isitshalo seqanda kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ezinhlotsheni ezibunjiwe ezingamelana kangcono nesifo esisodwa, kodwa eqenjini lezifo.
Ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi yokutshala izithombo ze-isitshalo seqanda enhlabathini evulekile
Ekwindla, inhlabathi igcwele ama-humus, umquba ovuthiwe ngokufakwa kumanyolo wamaminerali we-phosphorus-potassium. Kwesikwele esingu-1. Ama-5-6 kg wezinto eziphilayo, ingilazi yomlotha wezinkuni, ama-30 g we-superphosphate no-20 g womanyolo we potassium asetshenziswa emhlabathini wenhlabathi ophakathi nendawo yokuzala. Uma inhlabathi incishisiwe, isilinganiso somanyolo siphindwe kabili. Emhlabathini ominyene, isilinganiso sokufaka umanyolo we-organic okungenani ibhakede elilodwa lama-humus avuthiwe. Ukuze wandise ukuvama kwamanzi kanye nomoya womhlabathi, ukuhlwanyelwa ekwindla nokutshala ama-siderat kusetshenziswe ngempumelelo muva nje. Inhlabathi yembozwa kufosholo eligcwele lefosholo. Ngokumba sekwephuzile, ingxenye yezidleke zomndeni webhele iyachithwa.
Inhlabathi yokutshala isitshalo seqanda emhlabathini ovulekile ilungiselelwe ekwindla. © P-ZillaUkubhujiswa kwebhere
Ngentwasahlobo, indawo engaphansi kwesitshalo seqanda idonswa ngesikebhe, ekuvumela ukuthi ukhiphe ukugqwala kwenhlabathi bese unciphise ukuhwamuka komswakama. Ngokuqala kwesimo sezulu esishisayo esifudumele nokufudumeza komhlaba emhlabeni ungqimba lwe-basal 10-15 cm kuya ku-14 ... + 15ºº noma amasonto angama-1-2 ngaphambi kokudlulisa izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile, kuthathwa izinyathelo zokubhubhisa ibhere. Izalela ukulimaza cishe zonke izilimo, ngakho-ke ungacubungula ngasikhathi sinye lonke icebo lengadi.
Ukulungiselela isihebe ngokumelene nebhere
Ngeshwa, indlela ephumelela kunazo zonke yokubhubhisa ibhere ngamakhemikhali. Ngakho-ke, lapho wenza umsebenzi, qaphela ukubheka izimo zokuhlanzeka zokulondolozwa kwempilo.
Ngokobungako bengadi yengadi, pheka kuze kube yilapho usilungele isamba esifanelekile sanoma yisiphi isivuno sokusanhlamvu (ukolweni, i-rye, i-oats), noma yiziphi okusanhlamvu ezinkulu-okusanhlamvu, ama-halves of peas. Khipha amanzi ngokweqile. Esisekelweni esilungiselelwe, engeza wezipuni ezi-2 zika-oyilanga i-sunflower (mhlawumbe engafakwanga nephunga) no-1-2 ampoules BI-58 noma izingathekiso. Ungasebenzisa enye isibulala-zinambuzane ngephunga le-pungent. Govuza ingxube kahle (ngamagilavu aphindwe kabili noma ngenduku ebushelelezi).
I-Bait
Hlukanisa insimu yengadi ibe yizikwele, udlule umgodi ongashonile (2-4 cm) ngokusebenzisa i-acute chopping angle ngokusebenzisa ama-30- 40-50 cm. Uwafafaze ngenani elincane lamanzi. Moisten ukuze umsele iningi umswakama. Amabhere enhlabathini eyomile agijimisa umswakama. Ngemuva kokunisela, faka ibheji elilungiselelwe emiseleni bese uligcwalisa ngesendlalelo esingamasentimitha angama-2-3. Ibhele lihlasela umuthi wokubulala izinambuzane, ligxibha enhlabathini futhi yonke into inyakaze ibheke phezulu. Kwesinye isikhathi lokhu kubuhlungu kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-3-4. Ngemuva kwamahora angama-2-4, qala ukuvuna ibhere, ukuze izinyoni kanye namakati asekhaya angangeni ubuthi. Ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi kwenyathi yeminyaka emibili kungasindisa ingadi ngo-80-90% kulokhu.
Lapho utshala isitshalo seqanda emhlabathini ovulekile, vikela imibhede ezinambuzaneniUkutshala izithombo zeqanda
Ukutshala izithombo enhlabathini elungiselelwe kwenziwa lapho kwenzeka khona isimo sezulu esifudumele sesimo sezulu sesifunda, ukufudumala okuhle komhlabathi kufakwa kungqimba enezimpande eziyi-10-15 cm (okungenani + 15ºº). Izithombo ezivuthiwe ze-isitshalo seqanda kufanele zibe namaqabunga angama-5-7-9 esiqwini esiqondile, ama-1-3 e-buds, uhlelo lwempande olwakhiwe kahle lwe-fibrous.
Kusihlwa, izithombo zasekhaya zithululelwa ezitshalweni ngesixazululo esinombala omncane we-potanganum permanganate enezimpande noma enye i-ejensi yokwakha izimpande. Ekuseni, ngaphambi kwamahora ayi-10-11 noma ngemuva kwamahora ayi-16, izithombo zitshalwa emithonjeni elungiselelwe. Uma izithombo zithengwa emakethe, zifakwe kwisisombululo esifanayo amahora angama-3-4, zifakwe ku-mash-humus mash bese zitshalwe emhlabathini, phambilini zifafazwe ngesisombululo esingu-1% se-Bordeaux liquid.
Ama-eggplant aqala izimpande amasonto okuqala ayi-2 kancane. Sikhathele ngokufakelwa, zisheshe ziphelelwe ngumswakama, ikakhulukazi ezinsukwini ezikhanyayo. Amaqabunga alahlekelwa yi-turgor, aphela, izitshalo zingalahlekelwa efihlekile zokuqala. Ngalesi sikhathi, kungcono ukumboza ama-eggplant nge-spandbond eyodwa-enye (enye impahla), ebekwe ezigxotsheni eziphakeme (30-40 cm) kusuka emisebeni evuthayo yelanga. Ngokuqala kokukhula okusebenzayo, ukukhosela kwesikhashana kuyasuswa.
Izifo ze-eggplant ngesikhathi sokukhula
Esikhathini sokukhula, isiko lihlushwa ukulimala kwezifo eziningana, phakathi kwazo eziyingozi kakhulu izimpande kanye nokubola kwezimpande, i-tracheomycosis (fusarium, verticillosis, okulimaza sekwephuzile), i-mosaic yamaqabunga, amakholomu. Ukubola nokufakelwa kwamagciwane kuthinta uhlelo lwezimpande se-isitshalo seqanda, okuholela ekufeni kwesitshalo sonke. Ngaphezu kokubola kwezimpande, isiko lithinteka isikhunta esingesihle, amagciwane namagciwane adala izifo zesisindo se-a emoyeni kanye nezithelo ze-isitshalo seqanda. Kunezindlela eziningi zokulwa nezifo kwi-isitshalo seqanda, besebenzisa zona ukucubungula inhlabathi nengxenye yesiko yomoya:
- amalungiselelo amakhemikhali angenangozi izitshalo, abantu, izilwane nezinambuzane ezizuzisayo (izinyosi),
- amakhemikhali abulala ngokushesha lesi sifo. Kepha zithinta kabi impilo yabantu kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo, lapho izinsalela zamakhemikhali ziqongelela,
- amakhambi abantu, ngesimo se-decoctions kanye ne-infusions yezitshalo ezinezindawo ze-fungicidal kanye ne-insecticidal.
Ngaphezu kwezinambuzane ezinambuzane, isitshalo seqanda kungathinteka ezifweni fungal kanye virus. © Kat LynchIzindlela zemvelo zokuvikela isitshalo seqanda ngezifo
Ukuze ukhiqize imikhiqizo enobungqabavu kwemvelo ezweni, kungakuhle ukuthi uye kude nokusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali. Njengamanje, abalimi abazimele banethuba lokutshala izilimo besebenzisa imishini yokuzivikela eyenziwe ngesisekelo sezinto zemvelo (i-microflora ye-fungal ne-bacteria). Babizwa ngokuthi izidakamizwa ze-EM. Basebenza nge-microflora ye-pathogenic enhlabathini nasezitshalweni eziluhlaza, njengabaphikisi, bebhubhisa i-pathogen ebanga lesi sifo.
Ukuncipha okungenangqondo kwesisindo sendiza yama-ama-eggplant kungakhombisa ukulimala ezimpandeni zesiko ngokuwohloka kokubola kwemithi ehlukahlukene. Imikhiqizo yezinto eziphilayo eyenziwe ngesisekelo se-fungal microflora ephumelelayo (trichodermin, ampelomycin, coniotirin) kanye nama-bacteric biofungicides (phytosporin-M, alirin-B, mauir, haupsin, planriz, glyocladine, binoram, bactofite) asetshenziselwa ukuhlanza inhlabathi kusuka kuma-pathogenic pathogenic. Ukunciphisa inani lezindlela zokwelapha, ungalungiselela ukuxubana kwamathangi kwemikhiqizo eminingana ye-biological.
Khumbula! Ekwenzeni ingxube yethangi, lungiselela eceleni ikhambi lomuthi ngamunye osetshenziswa ngokuya ngemiyalo, bese ubheka ukuthi uhambisana yini. Ngomphumela omuhle, izixazululo zomuntu ngamunye eziqediwe zihlanganiswa zibe yinkimbinkimbi eyodwa.
Lapho kuhlangene, izixazululo zamathangi zithuthukisa umphumela wazo kuma-microflora we-pathogenic. I-fungus-based biofungicides ingena kwi-mycelium yesikhunta se-pathogenic futhi iyonakalise, futhi "emsetshenzini" owodwa webhaktheriya onjengemithi elwa namagciwane. Ukhubaza inhlabathi, ungasebenzisa amalungiselelo we-Emochka-Bokashi owomile noma izixazululo ezisebenzayo zamanye amalungiselelo e-EM, kufaka phakathi lawo asuselwa ku-Baikal EM-1 ukugxila.
Uhlelo lwezinto zokwelapha umhlabathi webhayoloji
Ngokungafani namakhemikhali, imikhiqizo yezinto eziphilayo ngeke isichithe lesi sifo ngesicelo esisodwa. Zidinga ukusetshenziswa okuhleliwe okuhleliwe, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kwezimvula noma esimweni sezulu esina. Ngakho-ke, ukuze sinciphise inani lokwelapha, i-biologics isetshenziswa kangcono ngendlela yokuxutshwa kwamathangi, okuzovikela izitshalo ezifweni eziningana ngasikhathi sinye.
Ngokutshala isitshalo seqanda emhlabathini, khetha izimo ezinempilo zezithombo, ngaphandle kwezimpawu zokulimala kwezifo. © JenIzingxube ezilandelayo zamathangi zingalungiswa ngokuhlukumeza:
- trichodermin + ampelomycin + glyocladin + binoram;
- glyocladine + binoram;
- trichodermin + bactofit;
- planriz + koniotirin nabanye.
Ukwelashwa okuvame kakhulu akuhlali kuho umphumela omuhle. Ukuze i-biologics isebenze kangcono, ukwelashwa kwezitshalo kuqala ezigabeni zokuqala. Ukwelashwa kokuqala kwenhlabathi ngengxube yethangi noma umkhiqizo ohlukile webhayoloji kwenziwa ezinsukwini eziyi-10-12 ngemuva kokudlulisela izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile.
Uhlelo lokuphrinta umkhiqizo we-Biological
Ngokugula okucacile kwezitshalo (ukuphonsa amaqabunga, uphuzi noma ukusonteka kwamaqabunga, i-chlorosis yamaqabunga, i-powdery hlobo, njll), zidlulela ekwelashweni okwelapha ngezixazululo zemikhiqizo yezinto eziphilayo. Kuyo yonke inkathi yokukhula, izitshalo zifafazwa ngezixazululo ze-phytosporin, i-mauir, i-alirin, i-bactofite, i-binoramu nabanye ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-7-10. Esigabeni sokufuthwa kanye neqoqo lesibili lezithelo, ama-microelement afakiwe kwezixazululo. Ungangeza i-alirin, igamair noma i-phytosporin kwingxube yethangi elungiselelwe ukufafaza inhlabathi bese ufafaza izitshalo ngenhlanganisela eyinkimbinkimbi. Le ndlela izokwandisa ukusebenza kahle kwezindlela zokwelapha. Uma kukhona amakhambi wokulimazeka kwefungal kanye namagciwane, khona-ke izidakamizwa azikakhiqizwa okwamanje ezifweni ezibangelwa amagciwane (i-mosaic, njll). Izitshalo ezithintekile ziyasuswa ensimini bese zishiswa.
Lapho usebenza nama-biofungicides, kuyadingeka ukusikhomba kahle lesi sifo futhi uphathe izitshalo ngokuya ngezincomo zokusetshenziswa kwalo mkhiqizo othile webhayoloji. Ngokuxilongwa kwesifo okungalungile, umuthi ngeke usebenze. Uma ungaqiniseki ngencazelo ecacile yalesi sifo, phatha izitshalo ngengxube yethangi ngokumelana namagciwane.
Izindlela zamakhemikhali zokuvikela isitshalo seqanda esiwombeni
Emdakwini nase makhayeni azimele, ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali ekwelapheni izitshalo ezingadini yemifino kanye nensimu nokutshala izihlahla ezingahlotshisiwe akukhuthazwa. Ukulungiswa kwamakhemikhali kunesikhathi eside sokubola, izinsalela zamakhemikhali zithinta kabi umzimba womuntu, izilwane, izinyoni nezinambuzane ezizuzisayo. Lapho usebenzisa amakhemikhali, ochwepheshe batusa ukumisa ukwelashwa kungakapheli inyanga isivuno sesivuthiwe futhi sisebenzise ngokuhambisana nezincomo.
Ukulungiswa kwamakhemikhali konke akuhambelani komunye, abanye banempahla ecindezelayo kuphela ngokumelene ne-pathogen ethile, esebenza njengesisekelo sokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezahlukahlukene, okusho ukuthi inani lokwelashwa landa kaningi. Muva nje, amakhemikhali amasha aboniswe esebenza ngempumelelo kakhulu kumthamo ophansi kakhulu futhi anesikhathi sokulinda sinciphile (kusuka ezinsukwini ezi-3 kuye kwezingama-12 kuya kwezingu-12 kuya kwezi-20). Kuyadingeka ukusebenza ngamalungiselelo amakhemikhali ngokucophelela ngokucophelela nangokunembile, ukuze ungathathwa ngokwanda imithamo ngesikhathi se-dilution, ukusebenzisa imishini yokuzivikela yomuntu siqu, ukuvikela izitho zokuphefumula, amehlo nesikhumba kubuthi.
Uhlelo lokwelashwa kwezitshalo ngama-pesticides
Ngokuphikisana nenkinga yezifo (ukubola okungwevu, ukulimala sekwephuzile, ukubonwa kwamagciwane, umlenze omnyama), isitshalo seqanda kusetshenziswa i-Bordeaux liquid, vitriol, ikofi, i-Abiga-peak, i-tsikhom, ikhaya nezinye. Ngokuya ngohlelo oluthuthukisiwe lokwelapha izitshalo, izindlela zokuzivikela ziqala amasonto angama-3-4 ngemuva kokuqhuma bese ziqhubeka amasonto angama-2-3 ngemuva kokufaka izithombo emhlabathini. Ukucutshungulwa kuyaqhubeka ngezikhathi ezithile zezinsuku eziyi-7 kuye kwezingu-14, kuya ngesimo sezulu.
Kungenzeka ukulwa nezifo kuma-ama-eggplant ngokulungiswa kwamakhemikhali namakhemikhali, kanye namakhambi abantu. © Amanda ByrdUkuvikelwa Kwezinambuzane Eggplant
Izinambuzane eziyingozi kakhulu ama-isitshalo seqanda ama-aphid kanye neBhungane lembiza yamazambane. Ama-aphid - inambuzane encane encela engabulala ukutshala kwamaqanda ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Bacosha izitho zomzimba ezingenhla zesitshalo (iziqu, amaqabunga, izimbali) bese bemunca kahle wonke ujusi wezitshalo. Ubhungane wamazambane waseColorado ngesikhathi sokukhula akha izizukulwane eziningana, ubhubhisa kufika ku-80% wesilimo. Ngokulapha lezi zinambuzane, i-spider mite izobhujiswa ngasikhathi sinye. Isilonda esincelayo senza umonakalo omkhulu ezitshalweni.
Izindlela zemvelo zokuvikela isitshalo seqanda ezinambuzaneni
Imikhiqizo yemvelo evikela isiko ezinambuzaneni ibizwa nge-bioinsecticides. Akhiwa ngesisekelo sama-fungi asebenzayo (avermectins), amagciwane, kanye neqembu le-enomopathogenic nematode.
Ama-bioinsecticides angama-bacterium abulala ngempumelelo izibungu zokuhluza izinambuzane. Ama-biologics ajwayelekile kakhulu yi-bitoxibacillin, lepidocide, phytoverm, basamil. Le mishanguzo ilungile ngoba ayikwazi ukuphatha izitshalo zemifino hhayi kuphela, kodwa nezithelo nokutshala okusajikijolo. Zisetshenziswa ngempumelelo emhlabathini ovikelekile.
Ama-bioinsecticides asekelwa amakhowe, i-actophyte, angasetshenziselwa ukwelapha izitshalo noma ngenkathi kuvunwa, awubalulekile kangako ekunqandeni izinambuzane. I-Mikoafidin, i-aversectin-C, i-avertin-N - i-biologics ibhekiswe ngaphezulu. Zisebenza kakhulu ekubhujisweni kwezinambuzane ezigabeni zokuqala zentuthuko. I-Metarizine ne-pecilomycin kubhubhisa ngenhloso ama-nematode, okubaluleke kakhulu isitshalo seqanda ngesikhathi sokukhula kwezithombo kanye emavikini okuqala okutshala emhlabathini ovikelekile n ovulekile ngokuphelele.
Qaphela! Ama-bioinsecticides asuselwe kusikhunta se-EM asebenza kuphela endaweni enomswakama emazingeni okushisa angaba ngu- + 25ºС. Ukufafaza ngalezi zidakamizwa kwenziwa kangcono ngemuva kokunisela, ekuseni noma ngemuva kwamahora ayi-16. Ziyakwazi ukugcona ngesikhathi sokulondolozwa. Lapho kubanda futhi ngaphansi kwethonya lokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile, alahlekelwa yimpahla yazo yokubulala izinambuzane. Ama-insecticides angasetshenziswa ezingxube zethangi ngama-biofungicides. Ukuhlolwa kokuhambisana kwezidakamizwa kuyadingeka. Imithamo nemigomo yokwelashwa kufanele yenziwe ngokuya ngemiyalo, ngaphandle kwalokho umphumela uncishiswa kakhulu.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali ukuvikela isitshalo seqanda ezinambuzaneni
Ngokumelana nezinambuzane ezincelayo futhi ezi-gnawing, ama-eggplant aphathwa nge-Extra confidor, i-actar, i-decis-pro, i-vertimek, i-Inta-Vir Actellik nabanye. Banikezwe ukulimala kwabo, ukucubungula kumiswa ngaphambi kokuqhakaza. Uma umuthi wenziwa ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi, khona-ke ukufafaza nge-1-2 kwanele. Esokuqala senziwa uma kulimala umuntu ngenhloso yokuvimbela bese kwesesibili ngemuva kwamasonto amabili. Ngezilonda ze-epiphytotic zezitshalo, ukufafaza kwenziwa njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-10 enye yale mithi noma ingxube yethangi. Khumbula! Konke ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kuqedwa ngaphambi kokuqhakaza okukhulu kwesitshalo.
Ukuvikelwa kwangesikhathi kwesitshalo se-isitshalo seqanda ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni kungukhiye wesivuno esihle. © diggleburnzIzindlela zabantu zokuvikela isitshalo seqanda ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni
Izindlela zabantu zokuvikela ama-amaqanda amaqanda ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni ikakhulukazi ziyehla zenze ama-decoction kanye ne-infusions kusuka kumakhambi nokuwafafaza ngezilimo ezigulayo nezonakalisiwe. Kuyadingeka ukusho ngokushesha ukuthi ukufafaza kokuqala akwanele, futhi ukufafaza okuningi akunangozi njengoba kubonakala. Ngempela, empeleni, ukusetshenziswa kwama-decoctions amakhambi anobuthi nakho kuthinta amakhemikhali ku-pathogen futhi, ngasikhathi sinye, hhayi umthelela omuhle kakhulu empilweni yabantu. Isibonelo: impova ngothuli lukagwayi, ifafaza ngomhluzi we-hemlock kanye nomhlonyane noma izimbiza ezifanayo zamazambane, lapho ngesikhathi sezitshalo zazifafazwa ngamakhemikhali avela ezinambuzaneni eziningi.
- Abanye abalimi bayeluleka kusuka kuma-aphid nezintwala zesicabucabu ukuba balungiselele ama-decoctions of umhlonyane, i-chamomile, i-yarrow futhi bawafafaze ngezitshalo.
- Ngokucophelela ubhubhisa ukumiswa kwama-aphid amaqabunga ekwindla enadi. Ekwindla, gcwalisa umgqomo wensimbi 2/3 wamaqabunga enothi, uthele amanzi abilayo phezulu bese uvala isivalo ngokuqinile. Ngesikhathi sekwindla-nobusika-entwasahlobo, amaqabunga ayafakwa. It kuvela ukugxila. Isixazululo esisebenzayo silungiselelwe kuso. Amalitha ayi-1-2 ancibilikiswa amalitha ayi-8-10 amanzi kanti nezitshalo ziyafafazwa. Okokuqala udinga ukufafaza isitshalo esisodwa bese ubheka indlela isiko elisebenzisa ngayo ikhambi amahora angama-3-4. Uma izithiyo zesitshalo zingenzeki, ungafafaza.
- Ngokumelana ne-aphid, ukufakwa uthuli ngomlotha noma ukufafaza nge-infusion yomlotha kuyasiza. Izinkomishi eziyi-1,0-1,5 zomlotha zithathwa ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi. Phikelela phakathi nosuku, hlunga bese ufafaza izitshalo. Insipho eluhlaza noma yokufakelwa yengezwe kuzo zonke izixazululo zokubambelela okungcono kwe-decoction.
- Ngokuya kokubuyekezwa kwabalimi abathile, izibungu ezincane zebhungane lamazambane leColorado kanye ne-aphid zichithwe ngokuphumelelayo lapho kusetshenziswa ukufafaza nge-decoction eyinkimbinkimbi. Dlula i-grinder yenyama ingilazi yamaqabunga e-dandelion, u-anyanisi kanye ne-chives. Ingxube ithululelwa ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi ngokufakwa kwezipuni zensipho ezi-1-2. Phikelela amahora angama-2-3, hlunga bese ufafaza izitshalo. Ngokuphumelela okulinganayo, i-spider mite, aphid kanye nezibungu zebhungane lamazambane leColorado ziyafa nganoma yisiphi isigaba sokuthuthuka.
Kunemibuthano eminingi kazwelonke kanye nezinqumo zezingoma ezahlukahlukene. Umphumela uhlukile futhi umlimi ngamunye angahlola izixazululo ngokwazo, ekhetha izindlela zokupheka zalezo ezinikeze umphumela obonakalayo lapho usetshenziswa. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukuhambisana nezidingo ze-agrotechnical kanye nokuqaliswa kwesikhathi kwezinyathelo ezidingekayo kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi isivuno sivunwa ngokusetshenziswa okuningana kwanoma iyiphi i-ejenti evikela izifo kanye nezinambuzane.
