Ukutshala amaConifers athengwe ezitsheni

Ukuthenga amaConifers ezitsheni kunokuba kunezimpande ezivulekile kuhlale kukhethwa. Njengezinye izihlahla noma izihlahla zomhlobiso, amaConifers, uma usebenzisa izithombo ezinesistimu yezimpande evaliwe, kungcono uthathe izimpande futhi zikhule ngokushesha. Akukho lutho oluyinkimbinkimbi ngokutshala izithombo ezinjengalezi, kepha kusamele ulandele imithetho ejwayelekile yokulungiselela indawo yokutshala nokunakekela izitshalo ngokuyinhloko.

UCypress ezitsheni.

Izinzuzo zezithombo ezinesistimu yezimpande evaliwe lapho uthenga amaConifers

Kunoma yiziphi izinhlobo zokuhlobisa zezihlahla nezihlahla, umthetho wegolide uthi: njengezinto zokutshala, izitshalo ezinesistimu yezimpande evaliwe zihlala zikhethwa. Futhi amaConifere awafani nalomthetho. Ingozi yokulahleka kwezitshalo esimweni sokuthenga izithombo ngohlelo oluvulekile lwezimpande (kusuka kwelinye elivaliwe) ziyehluka kaningana. Futhi kunezizathu eziningi zalokhu. Kepha okubaluleke kakhulu - ngezinga lomonakalo ezimpandeni zezitshalo.

Noma yiziphi izitshalo zeConiferous ezikhuliswe ezikhungweni zezingadi nasezikhulisweni zokubeletha zihlushwa ukulimala kwezimpande lapho kukhula, kugxila kanye nokufakelwa. Lapho izithombo noma izithombo ezisikiwe zisikiwe, khona-ke izitshalo zilahlekelwa ngokuyisisekelo kusiya kwesithathu sezimpande. Ngemuva kwalokho, lapho amaConifers amasha efakwa ukuze akhule, nawo alahlekelwa yingxenye yesithathu yohlelo lwezimpande. Futhi uma izitshalo zingatshalwanga ezitsheni, khona-ke lapho ukutshala futhi ukuthola indawo ehlala njalo, ukugaya nokuhamba kuthinta ngaphezu kwengxenye yesithathu yazo zonke izimpande. Lapho ukhule ezitsheni, wonke lo monakalo uyancishiswa. Ngenxa yokulondolozwa kwezimpande ezincane zekhompiyutha kanye “nendawo” ehlukile esemncane, izitshalo zibonakaliswa ukuzivumelanisa nezimo okukhulu kakhulu, azihlushwa ukwehla kwezinga lokukhula futhi zihlala zikhula ngokushesha.

Inzuzo enkulu yangempela yezithombo zezithako yikhono lokwelula isikhathi sokutshala cishe singenamkhawulo. Ngokungafani nokutshala izinto ezinezimpande ezivulekile, izithombo ezinesistimu yezimpande ezivalekile zingatshalwa kuphela entwasahlobo noma ngasekupheleni kwehlobo nangoSepthemba, kodwa unyaka wonke, ngaphandle kwenkathi yenhlabathi efriziwe yezitshalo eziphakathi nendawo. Ngisho nehlobo akuhlukile uma ungahlela ukunakekelwa okufanele kwezitshalo. Kepha isikhathi esifanele sokutshala, noma se-conifers ezitsheni, ngoMeyi-Juni noma ngo-Agasti-Septhemba, isikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo kakhulu kohlelo lwezimpande.

Izithombo ezinempilo ziyisisekelo sakho konke

Njengasezinhlelweni zokuthenga noma yisiphi isitshalo, indlela osondela ngayo ekukhetheni izithombo ngokwazo inquma amathuba okuphumelela. Kepha ngama-conifers, ukuqaphela kanye nokubukisisa kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba, ngaphandle kokungajwayelekile, amaConifers angenye yezigaba ezibiza kakhulu phakathi kokutshala impahla, futhi amaphutha ngokuthanda kwawo ahlala njalo eholela ekulahlekelweni kwengxenye ebalulekile yesabelomali.

Uma kunezici eziningi nezimpawu okufanele unake ngazo lapho uthenga izithombo ngohlelo oluvulekile lwezimpande, khona-ke ngamaConifers akhule esitsheni, imithetho yokukhetha ilula kakhulu. Ngezithombo ezitsheni kusho izitshalo ezingakhiwanga ngenqwaba yomhlaba, kepha izitshalo ezitshalwe ezitsheni zepulasitiki (noma ezikhwameni zepulasitiki ezintsha ezifakwe esikhundleni sazo).

Imigomo eyisisekelo yokuthenga izithombo ze-coniferous ezitsheni:

1. Qiniseka ukuthi uhlola inhlama yobumba ngokwayo uphinde uhlole usayizi wayo. Inhlabathi akufanele ibe yimbi kakhulu futhi ilula, noma ibe mnene kakhulu. Ukutshala ku-peat kune-substrate yinto ejwayelekile yezitshalo ezingenisiwe. Kepha kuphela uma izimo zezulu ze-nursery zingahambelani nesifunda sakho, ukuthengwa okunjalo akunakwenzeka ukuthi kungabi yilutho oluhle: izitshalo ezitshalwe endaweni yakho noma ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo zihlala zikhethwa njalo. Phezu kwenhlabathi akumele kube nezimpawu zokubola noma isikhunta, futhi ubukhulu besiqukathi nesigaxa sobumba kufanele kube sikhulu impela, ngokulandelana: esimweni esihle kakhulu, ukuphakama kwesiqukathi nobubanzi bawo kufanele kube okungenani ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu ukuphakama komqhele.
2. Ukomisa noma ukufaka amanzi, ukumanzisa kwengxenye engezansi kuyisizathu sokwenqaba ukuthenga noma isitshalo esifiseleka kakhulu. Ngokunakekelwa kwekhwalithi, amaConte conifers kufanele athole ukuthambisa okujwayelekile, metered ngokulawula ukomiswa kwenhlabathi. Noma yiziphi izimpawu zesomiso noma zokuchichima okubonisa ukuthi lesi sitshalo asitholanga ukunakekelwa okuphelele, okusho ukuthi asizange sikhule ngendlela evamile, singabhekana nokusabalala kokubola ezimpandeni, njll.
3. Bheka ukuthi lesi sitshalo sihlala kanjani emhlabathini: "ukususwa okukhanyayo ngezimpande kusuka emhlabathini, ukuphuma kwe-substrate kungakhombisa ukuthi izithombo ezinesistimu yezimpande evulekile zazimane zimbozwe nge-substrate ukukhulisa intengo. Ukuthi lesi sitshalo sikhulele esitsheni kubuye kuvezwe ubukhona be-moss.
4. Qiniseka ukuthi izimpande eziphambili zesitshalo aziphumi ngemigodi yokudonsa, kuphela izimpande ezincane ziboniswa zona.
5. Hlola amagatsha bese uhlola isimo sawo - ukuvumelana nezimo, ukungabi bikho kwezimpawu zokubopha noma ukugqekeza, ukulimala, umkhondo womonakalo owenziwe ngokhuni noma ngamagxolo.
6. Hlola izinaliti. Kufanele abukeke enempilo - ecocekile, ecwebezelayo, emisha. Ngokushesha wenqaba ukuthenga izitshalo lapho izinaliti zibonakala zingcolile noma zilambile, ziba buthuntu, ngokungazethembi. Ezitsheni zezitsha, izinaliti kufanele zibukeke zilungile kungakhathalekile isikhathi sokuthenga.
7. Nakisisa ukutholakala kwezinambuzane noma izifo nokulawulwa kwazo, kufaka amabala asalayo kusuka ekushayeleni noma ekwelapheni, ngamakha asolisayo, njll.

Lapho uthenga, kubalulekile ukuba unake hhayi kuphela isitshalo, kodwa hhayi ubuvila kakhulu ukucacisa yonke imiqondo efanelekile mayelana nemikhuba yayo nobuchwepheshe bezolimo. Qiniseka ukuthi ubheka nomthengisi igama eliphelele lezinhlobonhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo, ukukhanyisa, izici zomhlabathi, eminye imiqondo enconywa ukuthi ibhekwe lapho kukhula lesi sitshalo. Ngaphambi kokutshala amaCififera, hlola izincomo ngazinye bese uzichaza yonke imininingwane edingekayo yokunakekelwa nangezimo ezidingekayo. Indlela yomuntu ngamunye nokunakwa imininingwane akubalulekile kangako njengokulandela imithetho ejwayelekile.

Ukulungiselela kokuqala akudingeki emhlabathini kuphela

Inhlabathi esendaweni yokutshala amaConifers ihlala ilungiswa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Isikhathi esifanele yinyanga ngaphambi kokwehla, ubuncane buviki eli-1. Inhlabathi iyagebha, isusa amatshe nezimpande, uma kunesidingo, iyathuthukiswa, iguqula ukusabela, kwethula umanyolo we-organic kanye namaminerali noma amalungiselelo akhethekile we-conifers.

Kufanelekile ngokuqala ngokuhlaziywa kokuphakama kwamanzi kwenhlabathi: ngoba amaConifers, acishe ngaphandle kokukhetha, inhlabathi ezinciphile akhethwa, lapho ubungozi bokumuka kwamanzi bungafakiwe. Uma izinga lomswakama lenyuke noma kunengozi yokuqina kwamanzi entwasahlobo, inhlabathi inomswakama noma inomswakama, izindlela zokudonsa amanzi kufanele zithathwe kusenesikhathi.

Ukondliwa komhlabathi okuphezulu akuyona imfuneko yazo zonke izimbongi. I-Thuja, i-microbiota, i-spruce, i-fir kanye ne-yew ziyizilwane ezithanda inhlabathi evundile, kepha i-larch, i-pine, i-juniper zikhula kangcono enhlabathini enomsoco noma engenamandla. Futhi ukuthungwa kwenhlabathi yezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zeConifers kufanele kube okuhlukile. Ama-junipers, uphayini kanye ne-larch adinga inhlabathi ngokufakwa kwesihlabathi noma i-sandstone. I-Spruce, yew ne-fir zikhula kangcono kwi-loam.

Esakhiweni sokutshala ngokuzayo, imigodi yokufika kokwehla, ivolumu yayo kuncike kwisidingo sokubeka i-drainage kanye nevolumu yohlelo lwezimpande uqobo. Ngokwesitshalo se-coniferous, umgodi wokufika kufanele kancane, ngu-10-20 cm, weqe ivolumu yesitsha. Ukujula kukhuphuka ngo-10-25 cm, ngokuya ngesendlalelo sedreyidi esihleliwe. Ngaphambi kokutshala, imigodi yokungena igcwele amanzi: usuku noma ezimbili ngaphambi kokutshala, kuthelwa amanzi kuwo (amabhakede ama-1-2), ngokuzithandela engeza amalungiselelo akhethekile okuvuselela ukwakheka kwezimpande.

Ukususa isithombo esitsheni akuwona umsebenzi olula ngaso sonke isikhathi. Emahoreni angama-10-12 ngaphambi kokutshala, lesi sitshalo siniselwa amanzi amaningi, noma amahora amaningi ngaphambi kokutshala, isitsha siyacwiliswa emanzini ukuze sigcwalise ngokuphelele udoti wobumba. Indlela engcono ukuthola izithombo kanye nenhlama yonke yobumba. Cindezela izimbotshana ngobunono ezinhlangothini, bese ubamba ngesisekelo isisekelo sesiqu noma amahlumela, uthambekele esitsheni bese uvumela isitshalo ukuba "siphume". Awukwazi ukudonsa isitshalo ngomqhele, udinga nje ukusibamba ngokuphepha. Uma ungakwazi nje ukukhipha isitshalo, ungasithepha phansi, usikine, ezimweni ezinzima, uma isitsha singelutho, ngaso sonke isikhathi singasikwa.

Isigaxa sobumba sezithombo ezihlanganisiwe sihlala sigcinekile. Inhlabathi yamahhala ayithandeki ukuyisusa, noma ngabe kubonakala sengathi kuningi kwayo. Ukuxhumana nezimpande, futhi nangaphezulu ngakho-ke ukukhululwa kwabo emhlabathini, ukugeza noma ukuqhekeka, kugwenywa kangcono.

Uma uthenge izinto zokutshala ezingeniswa kwamanye amazwe futhi izitshalo zikhule ku-coma Peat coma enokuqukethwe okuphezulu komanyolo, khona-ke ngaphambi kokutshala lesi sitshalo kuzodingeka ukuthi zikhululwe kulolu hlaka oluthile. Ukususwa ngomshini kwenhlabathi akwamukeleki ngale ndlela, Peat ilahlwa ngokuhlukile:

1. Inani elikhulu lamanzi lithululelwa emgodini okhulayo bese kuthi kwehliswe inqwaba yobumba kuwo.
2. Isigaxa se-Peat kwesinye isikhathi siziqhekeza, kepha uma lokhu kungenzeki, khona-ke kugezwa ngobumnene ngomjelo wamanzi omnene.

Izithombo zidliwe ngama-blues ezitsheni.

Inqubo yokutshala izithombo ze-coniferous ezitsheni ilula kunokutshala izithombo ngohlelo oluvulekile lwezimpande:

1. Phansi komgodi wokutshala, kubekwa imisele noma kugxishwe inkungu encane yomhlabathi, okuzovumela lesi sitshalo ukuthi sisetshenziselwe ukuphakama okuyikho.
2. Izitshalo zifakwa emgodini wokutshala kanye nenqwaba yodaka, iqiniseke ukuyifaka ngokulinganayo, ngaphandle kokutsheka. Ngemuva kokufakwa, isigaxa sobumba “siyashukuma” kancane, sephula ubukhulu baso, sibuyisela ukubekeka komoya futhi sivumele izimpande ukuba zimuke kancane endaweni ephansi.
3. Lapho utshala izithombo, udinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela ukuthi izinga lokungena emhlabathini lihlala lifana izitshalo. Ngemuva kokufakwa kumgodi wokufika, ukujula kokucwiliswa kuyalungiswa kucatshangelwe i-shrinkage yesikhathi esizayo (kusuka ku-4 kuye ku-7 cm, ngokuya ngesimo senhlabathi). Intamo eyimpande yeConifers akufanele imbozwe ngenhlabathi.
4. Ngemuva kokufakwa kwezitshalo, umgodi wokutshala ugcwaliswa nge-substrate, ugoqoze kahle.
5. Lapho nje ukugcwalisa i-voids, inhlabathi ezungeze lesi sitshalo igoqeka eceleni komngcele womgodi wokutshala, isebenza ngokuthobeka ngqo endaweni yezimpande.
6. Emgodini ongaphezulu kokwenza umbuthano wokunisela noma umgodi.
7. Ukuchelela okuningi kuyenziwa, kugcwala inhlabathi entsha ngamanzi futhi "kuhlukaniswe" umswakama wayo ngomswakama wethambo lobumba.
8. Ngemuva kokunisela, umgodi ugcwaliswa, uma kunesidingo, izinga lomhlabathi liyakhudulwa, uma lungahlangene ngokwanele.
9. Kungcono ukuthi mulch inhlabathi ngokushesha emva kokutshala yisithombo. I-Peat, umquba noma umquba, nezinto ezilula njengamaqabunga, sawdust, notshani zilungele noma iyiphi i-coniferous. Uma unethuba, sebenzisa izinaliti zokufakwayo.
10. Lapho utshala izithombo ezinde noma isiphunzi se-conifers, isikhundla esime mpo sezitshalo kumele sibekwe nge-garter kusekela noma isandiso esifakwe emaphethelweni omgodi wokutshala.

Ukunakekelwa Kwezitshalo

Izithombo ezine-system evaliwe yezimpande zivame ukumpande ngokushesha futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ziqala ukukhula ekuqaleni. Akudingi ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela okunjalo njengezitshalo ezitshalwe ngezimpande ezingenalutho.

Eqinisweni, ukunakekela amaConifers anjalo kuza phansi ekuniseleni. Ukuze kugcinwe umswakama ozinzile wenhlabathi, ukuthambisa okuningi kuyenziwa ezitshalweni ezincane hhayi nje kuphela ngemuva kokutshala, kodwa kuwo wonke unyaka wokuqala emva kwawo kanye njalo emavikini ayi-2-3 (lapho kungekho khona imvula). Kulokhu, umuntu kufanele athathe isinyathelo ngokucophelela, ngaphandle kokuvikela amanzi ukuthi angangeni entanjeni yezimpande ngesikhathi sokunisela, noma ukugigiyela ngenxa yokusatshalaliswa kwamanzi okungafanele. Ukunisela kungenziwa ngendlela ejwayelekile (kancane nangokunembile), futhi futhi kusetshenziswe ezinye izindlela - ukusuka kokudonsa ngokudonsa kuya kokunisela imifula ebangeni eliqhele cishe nge-1 m isitshalo. Kuzitshalo nezitshalo ezinobukhulu obukhulu obunomqhele obukhulu kakhulu ezinsukwini ezishisa kakhulu, kungcono ukufafaza.

Ukugqoka okuhlanganisiwe ngonyaka wokuqala ngemuva kokutshala kungashiywa, ngaphandle kwezitshalo ozitholile ezinye izincomo lapho uthenga. Umanyolo wethulwa kuphela kusukela entwasahlobo yonyaka olandelayo futhi ubenze bavame, minyaka yonke. Uma inhlabathi inempilo futhi inezinga eliphakeme, ungakwenza ngaphandle kokufaka umquba ngaphambi kokuqala konyaka wesithathu. Ezitshalweni ezikhulu futhi ngemuva kokutshala, zithuthiswa ngama-accelerator okukhula kanye nama-ejenti we-mizizi.

Ezinhlotsheni ze-coniffort, ezithinta ukushiswa, lapho utshala, kungcono ukunikeza ngokushesha isivikelo elangeni futhi ulungiselele izinto ezingasetshenziswa ukumboza umqhele ukuvikeleka ebusika nasentwasahlobo ilanga. Lapho ukutshala ehlobo, umthunzi nokukhosela kuyizinyathelo eziphoqelekile ngonyaka wokuqala, kepha kufanele futhi kufakwe ngokufakwa kwe-fafaza komqhele nsuku zonke.

Thuja izithombo ezitsheni.

Ukuvikela ubusika bokuqala yisilinganiso esiyisibopho hhayi kuphela kumzila ophakathi, kepha futhi nesimo sezulu esilinganiselwe. Imibuthano ye-Trunk ivikela ngempela ungqimba oluphezulu lwe-mulch: kusuka ku-sawdust, izinaliti zikaphayini, kuyathandeka ukudala ungqimba lokushisa ukufinyelela ku-15-20 cm ukuphakama. Ungamboza umbuthano wesiqu sesiqu ngamagatsha e-spruce. Ekuhlanganisweni komqhele osakazayo kanye nezimpande ezintekenteke, kungcono ukuxhuma amagatsha, uwavikele ekuqhekekeni. Umqhele ugoqwe nge-spanbond noma ezinye izinto zokumboza, uzilungisa ngokuphephile.