Ungabhekana kanjani nokujikijela ezitshalweni zasendlini: izindlela nezithombe

Umlimi ngamunye kufanele aqaphele ukuthi ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo zasendlini kwehla kungagcini nje ukunisela nokondla, kodwa futhi kubandakanya nokuvikelwa ezinambuzaneni. Enye yazo ama-thrips, okuthi uma kungekho kulawula kungadala ukulimala okukhulu ezitshalweni, ngakho-ke, ngezibonakaliso zokuqala zokubonakala kwazo, kubalulekile ukuqala ukwenza izinto ngokuphuthumayo.

Incazelo

Ukubona ukuthi ama-thrip akunzima kangako. Babukeka njengezinambuzane ezinobukhulu obukhulu, lapho kunomzimba ophakeme kuze kube ngu-2 mm ubude, ophuzi okhanyayo, omnyama noma onsundu ngombala. Kubantu abadala, kuvame ukutholakala ngazimbili zamaphiko anezinwele ezinde. Izibungu zezinambuzane zinomzimba ophuzi ophuzi, futhi ungabi ngaphezu kuka-1 mm ubude.

Inkomba eyengeziwe mayelana nokuba khona kwe-thrips ingaba uhlobo lokuhamba kwabo: abantu abadala bahamba ngokushesha okukhulu, bavame ukwenza ukugxuma okubukhali ngesisu sabo. Umehluko phakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane ukuthi owokuqala unomzimba omncane, kepha hhayi owomzimba omude. Zibuye zidwetshwe ngemibala ehlukene.

Ungahlukanise futhi ama-thrips ngamaphiko awo: kwezinye izinhlobo angaba amafushane impela, kwezinye wona angangabi nhlobo.

Ama-Thrips angenye yamaqembu amaningi ezinambuzane faka izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-2000. Cishe izinhlobo ezingama-200 zihlala ezweni lethu. Izindawo eziphambili ngamaqabunga, izimbali kanye nemiqumbe yezitshalo zasendlini. Zidla umpe nojusi osuka ezinhlamvwini zamaqabunga.

I-thrips iyingozi ngoba yanda ngokushesha okukhulu. Njengendawo yokubeka amaqanda, kusetshenziswa izicubu zamaqabunga noma izimbali. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10, kuvela inzalo entsha eqhamuka emaqanda. Kodwa-ke, ukuze izibungu ziphenduke izinambuzane zabantu abadala, kuthatha inyanga eyodwa. Njengamanje, usongo olukhulu lubonakala ezitshalweni, ngoba ngenxa yomsebenzi wezinambuzane, zilahlekelwa ukukhanga kwazo bese ziqala ukuthinteka yizifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lapho izinambuzane ziphuza wonke ama-juices kusuka kwisitshalo esisodwa, ziguqulela kwamanye akhiwe endaweni.

Ungabona kanjani ukujikijela ezitshalweni zasendlini?

Uma ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwezitshalo zasendlini uthola ukuthi amanye amaqabunga ancibilikile, nakuwo kunamaphuzu amaningiokubangelwa ama-punctures, lokhu kuwuphawu olucacile lokuthi ama-thrip atholakala eflethini lakho.

Uma unaka ingxenye engezansi yamaqabunga, ungathola amabala we-brownish noma brown brown. Izindawo ezilimele zivame ukuba yisiliva, ezingachazwa wukungena komoya kumaseli.

Uma, izimpawu zokuqala zomsebenzi we-thrips, izinyathelo zokuhlinzwa azithathwa, ngokulandelayo amahlamvu efaUkuguqulwa kwezimbali kanye nemiqumbe. Izinambuzane zidala umonakalo owengeziwe ngokuhlehlisa ukumiswa okunamathelayo, okuyisimo esihle sokukhula kwesikhunta sosizi. Yize ama-thrips engakhethi ngokudla, izitshalo zasendlini ezikhethwe kakhulu zingama-violets, ama-begonias, ama-roses, izithelo zezithelo zomdumo, ama-orchid kanye nama-ficus.

Ngaphezu kwakho konke ama-violets ahlushwa izibungunjengoba babhubhisa i-anther imbali. Esibonakaliso sokuqala sokubukeka kwabo, kuyadingeka ukukhipha zonke izimbali namahlumela ezinyangeni eziyi-1.5 ezilandelayo, kuhlanganiswa lokhu nokwelashwa ngamalungiselelo afanele.

Izinhlobo ezivamile zokungcebeleka

Imininingwane yokuqala yokuba khona kwe-thrips yatholakala emuva ngo-1744, lapho lezi zinambuzane zitholwa nguKarl de Geer. Namuhla, abantu sebeyazi kabanzi ngokuhlukahluka kwezinhlobo zalezi zinambuzane, phakathi kwazo qokomisa izinhlobo ezithile, kuvame ukuthinta ezinye izitshalo zokuhlobisa:

• Izimbali zase-Western (California). Le yinhlobo yezitshalo ezishisayo etholakala kwezinye izifunda zezwe lethu. Iqiniso lokuqala lobukhona bakhe laqinisekiswa eSt. Petersburg lapho kuthunyelwa izithombo zezithelo zomzimba kanye nama-chrysanthemums lapho. Namuhla kutholakala ezindaweni eziningana zokugcina izithombo zokugcina izithombo nezindawo zokugcina izithombo;
• intuthu kagwayi. Lesi sinambuzane sihlala esifundeni esiphakathi nasezifundeni eziseningizimu zezwe lethu. Lapha kutholakala ezitshalweni ezihlobisa ngemihlobiso etshalwe ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo nezindawo zokugcina izithombo. Isinambuzane ngokwaso sincane, sifinyelela ubude obungekho ngaphezu kuka-1 mm, sinombala ophuzi noma onsundu;
• izihlotshiso zokuhlobisa. Ububanzi bande kakhulu ezifundeni ezisenyakatho kanye nomgwaqo ophakathi wezwe lethu. Kusongela izitshalo eziningi zasendlini. Ama-orchid, i-monstera, i-dieffenbachia nezinhlobo ezithile zezihlahla zesundu kuhlushwa kakhulu yile nkathazo. Ungayichaza ngombala onsundu omnyama, kanye nomzimba omncane, onobude obungu-1.5-2 mm;
• UDracaena uyaqhuma. Imvamisa, itholakala endlini ezindaweni ezisenyakatho. Ngaphezu kwabanye, i-hibiscus, i-ficus, i-dracaena kanye ne-houseplants eminingi ihlushwa yiwo. Umbala wesimo senkathazo uphuzi-onsundu, umzimba ubude bawo bube yi-1 mm;
• i-waxgated (evamile) i-thrips. Le nhlobo imelwe ezweni lethu. Ukudla okuyinhloko kuye izimbali namahlumela zezitshalo zasendlini. Kubukeka njengesinambuzane sombala onsundu omnyama, ofinyelela kubude obungaphezu kuka-1 mm;
• i-rose thrips. Izindawo zakhe azithandayo izitshalo zezimbali. Isici esibonakalayo singumzimba onsundu, sifinyelela kubude obuyi-1 mm;
• anyanisi thrips. Le nhlobo imelwe ezweni lethu. Imvamisa, itholakala phakathi kwesikali sezitshalo zeminduze. Ungayihlukanisa ngombala onsundu omnyama nomzimba ongafika ku-2 mm ubude.

Ungasusa kanjani amahlumela ezitshalweni zasendlini?

Ukwazi ukuthi izimbali zakho zasendlini sezivele zithintekile, wena isenzo esiphuthumayo kufanele siqale:

• Isinyathelo sokuqala ukuhambisa izimbali ezitheleleke ngama-thrips ziye egumbini elihlukile. Kodwa-ke, lapha udinga ukuqaphela kakhulu, ngoba ngesikhathi sokuhamba, izibungu zingawela ebhodweni bese zithuthela ezitshalweni ezingomakhelwane;
• susa izinambuzane ezimbalini ngokuyifaka ngaphansi kweseshidi;
• ukucubungula zonke izitshalo zasendlini ezitholakala efulethini lakho ngamalungiselelo akhethekile. Lezi zikhungo ezilandelayo zizokusiza ukwazi ukubhekana nokuqothuka: i-Aktara, iMospilan, i-Fitoverm, i-Intavir, njll. Ukuhlanganisa umphumela, kunconywa ukuthi uphinde ufafaze emuva kwesonto;
• Kunconywa izicupho ezinamathelayo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma ophuzi ezungeze umngcele wesitshalo;
• Ngemuva kokunquma lapho izimbotshana sezivele zilimele, kuyadingeka ukukhipha ungqimba oluphezulu lomhlabathi, futhi kungcono ukususa wonke umhlabathi, ugeze izimpande bese ufaka izitshalo emhlabathini osuvele uphethwe;
• zonke izingxenye zesitshalo lapho izinambuzane zitholakale khona kufanele zihlanzwe kahle.

Ungabhekana kanjani nokujikijela ezitshalweni zasendlini ngamakhambi abantu?

Uma ubona izibungu ezimbalwa kuphela kusuka ku-thrips futhi izitshalo zingakathinteki ngokuphelele, ungakwazi khetha izindlela ezithambile zokulwa nalesi sifo, lapho amakhambi abantu engakusiza:

• ukumnika kwenziwa ngethisipuni elilodwa le-anyanisi oqoshiwe noma ugalikhi nengilazi yamanzi. Ngemuva kosuku, lapho ithuluzi selilungile, bacubungula izitshalo;
• kuyadingeka ukuthatha izimbali ze-marigold ezomile ngenani lehafu yamalitha, gcwalisa isitsha ngamanzi phezulu bese usibeka izinsuku ezimbili. Lapho isikhathi silungile, ingxube iyahlungwa bese izitshalo ziphathwa ngayo;
• kuyadingeka ukuthatha amaqabunga amasha noma izimpande ze-dandelion ngenani lama-50 g., uthele ilitha elilodwa lamanzi afudumele bese uwadedela amahora amathathu. Ngemuva kokuhlunga, kuyadingeka ukufafaza imbali ethintekile ngomxube;
• thatha i-100 gr. i-chamomile, uthele ilitha elilodwa lamanzi bese uyiyeka ithele amahora ayi-12. Ngemuva kokucindezela, kufakwa ku-5 g kule ngxube. insipho eluhlaza, ngemuva kwalokho izitshalo ziphathwa ngayo. Ngemuva kosuku, izinsalela zomkhiqizo kufanele zigezwe ngaphansi kokugeza okufudumele;
• udinga ugwayi owomile ochotshoziwe engxenyeni yengilazi, okumele uthulule ilitha lamanzi bese ubekwa ngosuku olulodwa lokugcizelela. Umkhiqizo ophelile kufanele uhlungiwe bese kufakwa enye ilitha lamanzi. Izitshalo ezigulayo ziyafafazwa ngalokhu ukumnika;
• kudingeka uthathe ama-50 gr. amaqabunga owomile katamatisi, engeza ingilazi yamanzi bese uvumela ingxube ime amahora amathathu. Ngemuva kokuhlunga, kufakwa amanzi kwi-infusion ukuletha ivolumu 1 litre. Emva kwalokho, isitshalo esithintekile sifafazwa ngaso;
• kudingeka uthathe ama-50 gr. i-celandine entsha yezimbali, engathathelwa indawo nge-100 gr. izinto ezingavuthiwe ezomile. Kuyo udinga ukufaka i-1 litre lamanzi bese uvumela usuku lube lusuku. Ngokulandelayo, ukumnika kuhlungiwe futhi kuphathwe ngezitshalo;
• ngesinye isikhathi ukufafaza kungahle kungasebenzi ngokulawulwa kwe-thrips. Kulokhu, ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingasetshenziswa. Udinga ukuthatha ugalikhi oqoshiwe noma i-turpentine, ugcwalise ngesitsha esincane bese usibeka ngqo ebhodweni ngesitshalo esinesifo. Ngemuva kwalokho babeka isikhwama sepulasitiki phezu kwembali bese belinda amahora amathathu.

Izindlela zokuvimbela

Ukuze ungabhekani nokujikijelana ngosuku lokuqala ngemuva kokuthenga isitshalo, udinga ukukhetha ngokucophelela. Ukufika ekhaya, kufanele kufakwe egumbini elihlukile futhi amasonto amabili kuya amathathu qaphela isimo sakhe. Ukuvimbela izinambuzane ukuthi zingasakazeki kwezinye izitshalo ekhaya lakho, kumele wenze le misebenzi elandelayo:

• hlola izitshalo njalo, unaka ikakhulukazi izimpawu ezingaba khona zokuba khona kwezinambuzane;
• gcina umswakama ofanele egumbini;
• ukugcina izingibe ezinamathele endaweni ekhulayo yezitshalo zasendlini;
• gcina izitshalo zihlanzekile ngeshawa efudumele.

Akukona ngaso sonke isikhathi isikhathi sokuqala ukubhubhisa ngokuphelele ama-triops. Iqiniso ngukuthi ngemuva kwezinyathelo ezithathiwe, izibungu zalesi sinambuzane singakwazi isikhathi esithile hlala ngaphandle kwesitshalo, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ingabuya futhi. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuthi kusukela ngosuku lokuqala, lapho kuvela isitshalo endlini yakho, thatha izindlela zokuvimbela ukuze ungachithi isikhathi esiningi nomzamo wokulwa nalezi zinambuzane.

Isiphetho

Injabulo yokukhula kwezitshalo zasendlini endlini ingambozwa yizilokazane. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngama-thrips, izibungu zazo ezingadala ukulimala okukhulu kwezimbali. Ngakho-ke, into yokuqala okufanele yenziwe yilowo nalowo umhlwanyazi ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu lezi zinambuzane ezingabonakala ngazo. Kubalulekile futhi ukwazi ukuthi yiziphi izindlela zomzabalazo ezingasetshenziswa ukubabhubhisa. Yize namhlanje kunele izidakamizwa eziningi ezisebenzayoKodwa-ke, le nqubo ingaba yinde. Ngakho-ke, kungcono uma uqala ukukhula izitshalo zasendlini ngokuvimbela, okuzogwema ubunzima obunjalo futhi kusindise isikhathi esiningi.