Ama-sitrobheli asendle - siyibiza ngokuthi ngama-sitrobheli

Ingadi ye-sitrobheli etshaliwe, noma uphayinaphu (i-Fragaria ananassa) ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-sitrobheli, okusho enye inhlobo yezitshalo.

Njengoba sonke sisetshenziselwa ukubiza ama-sitrobheli e-sitrobheli, esihlokweni ngizobabiza ngama-sitrobheli.

Ama-Strawberry - i-antiseptic enhle futhi elwa nokuvuvukala. Ama-Strawberry avimbela ukukhula kwegciwane lomkhuhlane. Ukuba khona kwe-iodine ekwakhiweni kwama-sitrobheli kunxephezela ukungabikhona kokudla kwansuku zonke namanzi okuphuza. Ama-Strawberry anomthelela we-hypoglycemic. Ngakho-ke, kufakwa ekudleni kwabantu abanesifo sikashukela.

I-salicylic acid etholakala kule berry eyingqayizivele isiza ukunciphisa izinhlungu ezihlangene.!

Ama-Strawberry akha ukuntuleka kwe-iron ku-anemia. Ama-200 g ama-sitrobheli amasha aqukethe: ama-kilojoule angama-60, ama-4.6 g we-fiber, 0 g wamafutha, i-1.2 g yamaprotheni, 14 g we-carbohydrate, 28 mg we-calcium, 0,8 mg wensimbi, 20 mg we-magnesium, 38 mg we-phosphorus, i-54 mg we-potassium, i-1.4 mg ye-selenium, 113.4 mg Vitamin C, 35.4 μg Folic Acid, 54 IU Vitamin A.

Amaski we-Strawberry omile kahle futhi apholise izinduna, ama-pores amancanyana. Ijusi elimnandi lamajikijolo asanda kufakwa yilowotshisi omuhle kakhulu! Lokhu kuyindlela eyisimangaliso yokususa amabala nobudala.

Ama-Strawberry ngokusobala acebile ngezakhiwo zokupholisa, kepha kulula kakhulu ukulahlekelwa njengoba zinjalo. Ngakho-ke, ukugcinwa kwama-sitrobheli kusebenza kakhulu kunangaphambili!

Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ama-sitrobheli awakwazi ukugcinwa esiqandisini isikhathi eside. Iqiniso ngukuthi ama-sitrobheli, angatshalwa kahle ngokubamba iqhaza kwama-nitrate, aphenduka abe ukungcola okune-carcinogenic. Empeleni, kungcono ukungagcini ama-sitrobheli nhlobo. Ochwepheshe beluleka ukuthi kudliwe kungakapheli izinsuku ezimbili kuvunwe. Kodwa-ke, uma kunesidingo sokugcina amajikijolo esiqandisini, khona-ke musa ukuwageza ama-sitrobheli ngaphambi kokuligcina.

Ama-Strawberry (amajikijolo) aphilile njengoba emangalisa, ngakho-ke qaphela "ukuthula kwengqondo" kwakhe!

I-strawberry engadini yavela ngekhulu le-XVIII ngenxa yokuqothula okuzenzakalelayo kwezinhlobo ezimbili zaseMelika - iChile kanye neVilakazi. Ukusuka ku-hybrid eyaba umphumela, zonke izinhlobo zesimanje zahamba.

Ama-Strawberry - I-Super Intensive isiko. Uma uyihlwanyela ekuqaleni kwekwindla, khona-ke ehlobo elilandelayo ungavele ukhethe amajikijolo. Kepha noma ama-sitrobheli ephila iminyaka engaba ngamashumi amabili, anika isivuno esikhulu kuphela iminyaka emithathu yokuqala. Ngehlobo ngalinye elizayo, konke kuzokwehla futhi kube kubi kakhulu: inani lamajikijolo, ukunambitheka kwawo nosayizi. Yizinambuzane ezinjenge sitrobheli izibungu kuphela ezizoba zikhulu.

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-sitrobheli. Futhi ngenxa yemizamo yabahwebi, inani labo liyanda. Nazi ezimbalwa. Okokuqala, lezi zinhlobo zokuqala i-'Alfa '(emnandi, emuncu), i-dessert' Vega 'ne' Holiday ', emnandi futhi emuncu' iTalka '. Abokuqala abaphakathi bafaka amajikijolo amakhulu e-'Vityaz ',' Marvelous ',' Ducat '. Kukhona iningi lawo wonke amabanga aphakathi: amakhulu 'Kokinsky ephelele', dessert denseert 'Delicious', dessert esikhulu 'Troitskaya', 'Fireworks', 'Relayhlanga'. Izinhlobo 'Bounty', 'Red Gauntlet', 'Zenith' - osekufike isikhathi, kanye ne-'Borovitskaya '- ukuhluka kakhulu sekwephuzile.

Izinhlobo zokulungisa kabusha zithandwa ikakhulukazi namuhla - okungukuthi, lezo ezikhiqiza izilimo kaningana ngesizini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobonhlobo ezinjalo zihlobisa kakhulu - kuyo yonke inkathi yeminyaka kukhona izimbali namajikijolo. Futhi uma utshala izihlahla eziningana esitsheni noma kubhasikidi, khona-ke ukulahla amadevu ngokuphumelelayo kuzodala amakhasethi e-ampel. Kepha khumbula: emgqeni ophakathi nendawo, ukutshala okunjalo kubusika kuphela endaweni yokubekelela noma kuvulandi olungaphansi.

On izithombo kufanele kube amaqabunga aluhlaza amathathu kuya ezine enempilo. Izikhala akumele zesabe - zingakheka kahle ngenxa yokumiswa kweqabunga ngesikhathi sokufakelwa. Into esemqoka ukuthi “inhliziyo” (inso maphakathi, iqabunga elingakakhuli) luphelele. Ochwepheshe batusa ukuthenga izithombo ngohlelo oluvaliwe lwezimpande - khona-ke isitshalo ngokuqinisekile sizophuma nezimpande.

Izinhlobo

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-sitrobheli. Futhi ngenxa yemizamo yabahwebi, inani labo liyanda.

Umjaho wokudlulisa - Izinhlobo ezivuthwa eziphakathi nendawo, ezimelana kakhulu nezifo. Izilimo ziletha phezulu. Amajikijolo makhulu: owokuqala - aze afike ku-35 g, isisindo esijwayelekile - 16 g.
I-Ducat - Izinhlobonhlobo ze-dessert zokuvuthwa okuphakathi. Isivuno, simelana ngokuphelele nezifo nesomiso. Amajikijolo makhulu: owokuqala - aze afike ku-30 g, isisindo esijwayelekile - 13-18 g.
UZiqu-zintathu - Izinhlobonhlobo ze-dessert zokuvuthwa okuphakathi. Ebusika -qinile, ukumelana nezifo. Izitshalo ziphakeme. Amajikijolo makhulu: owokuqala - 22 g, isisindo esiphakathi - 11 g.
I-Zemklunika - uhlobo oluhlukile, olunamakha kakhulu, nolwemaphakathi ekuqaleni kwawo. Kutholakala ngokuwela ama-sitrobheli engadini kanye nama-sitrobheli asendle. Isivuno esiphezulu sinikeza kuphela ehlobo elishisayo ngokunisela okukhulu. Ngokushiswa ukushisa nelanga, okusanhlamvu kuphenduka kumnyama kumajikijolo.
Borovitskaya - Enye yezinhlobo zesikhathi sokuvuthwa sekwephuze kakhulu. Isihlahla sinamandla, siqondile, siqinile. Amajikijolo makhulu, ekuvuneni kokuqala afinyelela i-35 g, ijamo elifanele le-blunt-conical. Isikhumba sisuka kokubomvu okukhanyayo kuya kobomvu we-orange. I-pulp iminyene, ibomvu ukukhanya, inephunga elimnandi, ukunambitheka kuhle futhi kumuncu. Ukumelana nesithwathwa kuphakeme. Ukumelana nenkinga yezifo.
I-Corrado (I-Bouquet) - Izinhlobonhlobo zokuqala eziphakathi nendawo, ihlathi eliphakathi nendawo, liqondile. Amajikijolo makhulu, ahlala eyisiphukuphuku ejwayelekile, onesikhumba esimnyama esikhanyayo. I-pulp yezithelo ithambile, iminyene, ukunambitheka kumnandi futhi kumuncu. Ubusika be-hardness buphakeme. Inambitheka kakhulu ngesimo esisha futhi ilungele ukubanda. Izinhlobonhlobo zimelana nenkimbinkimbi yezifo.
Stranger - ahlukahlukene yokuvuthwa zakuqala, ihlathi ubungqabavu, ihlumela. Amajikijolo makhulu, ayindilinga e-conical, anqunywe kusuka phansi, anesikhumba esibomvu esimnyama. I-pulp iminyene, ibomvu okumnyama, ukunambitheka kumnandi futhi kumuncu, kunephunga elimnandi. Okumnandi okusha, kugcinwe kahle kakhulu. Izinhlobonhlobo ziqinile, zilwa nezikhunta.

Ukulungisa izinhlobo:

INdlovukazi u-Elizabeth II - ebangeni elithandwa kakhulu lokulungisa. Uma ukhule kuvulandi onofudumele noma engadini ebusika, khona-ke isivuno singasuswa ngaphambi konyaka omusha. Amajikijolo makhulu kakhulu, ukunambitheka kophudingi, okunepulishi eliminyene, injongo yendawo yonke. Ubusika be-hardness buphakeme. Izithelo kusuka ngo-Ephreli kuya kuLwezi.
Isimangaliso esiphuzi - Izinhlobo ezikhiqizayo nobusika. Izithelo ngoJuni kuze kube yiqhwa. Amajikijolo mancane, anesisindo esingu-8 g, nephunga lezinto zokugcina zasendle. Isikhumba siphuzi. I-pulp imhlophe, hhayi eminyene kakhulu.

Izinhlobo zokuhlobisa:

I-pink panda - Izinhlobonhlobo ezihlukile zokuhlobisa ezinezimbali eziqhakazile ezi pink. Le sitrobheli ayakhiqizi izithelo.
UBaron Solemacher - I-Alpine sitrobheli sasendle, esinikeza izithelo ezincane ezincane ehlobo. Ibekezelela umthunzi okhethiweyo futhi inezimpande ngisho nangamafasitela ezindlini zasedolobheni.

Izinhlobo ezinobusika obunzima:

Knight
Ama-Tidbits
Cinderella
ISudarushka
Nightingale

Kulinyazwe kakhulu yiqhwa:

Troubadour
UGigantella
Ikhadinali
Tribute
UBrighton
Tristar

Izinhlobo zokulwa nePowdery isikhutha:

Ntombazanyana
Iziqhumane
Cinderella
Kuyakhanga
Ikhadinali
Ama-Tidbits

Izinhlobonhlobo ezingamelana kakhulu nebala elinsundu nelimhlophe:

Kuyakhanga
Imikhosi
Iziqhumane
Torpedo

Okuthela kakhulu:

Knight
IsiRusich
U-Alfa
Ishelf

Izinhlobo ezingabekezeleli (izinhlobo ezingangeneki kalula kwisifo seqabunga seqabunga):

Cinderella
Knight
IsiRusich
Nightingale
UZiqu-zintathu

Indawo yokuhlala

I-Strawberry ikhula kahle endaweni eyisicaba, endaweni enomthambeka obheke eningizimupadu. Awukwazi ukhule ama-sitrobheli emithambekeni emaweni, futhi nasezindaweni eziphansi lapho kuhlangana khona umoya obandayo, lapho isivuno sitholwa sekwephuzile, futhi isibalo sezifo siyanda.

Imiphumela engagculisi iyatholakala futhi emthambekeni oseningizimu oshubile, lapho iqhwa lincibilika ngokushesha futhi ngenxa yalokho, amajikijolo avezwa. Strawberry ithanda umswakama, kepha ayikubekezeleli ukugcotshwa kwamanzi. Indawo lapho kukhula khona ama-sitrobheli kufanele ivikelwe emimoyeni, njengoba ingxenye yohlelo lwempande ibanda emazingeni okushisa ayi-10-12 ° C, ngakho-ke kungcono ebusika ngaphansi kwesembozo seqhwa esinendlalelo okungenani lama-20-25 cm.

Ama-Strawberry akufanele atshalwe iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-4 endaweni eyodwa (Iminyaka engama-2-3 mihle), ngoba izifo ezahlukahlukene kanye nezifo zokukhunta zanda, njengokuthi: i-wilt, grey and white rot nezinye izifo.

Ukuzala

Amahlamvu aluhlaza asakazwa yizithombo (izisekelo). Izithombo zingathengwa noma zikhulwe ezitshalweni zazo, ezitshalwe kumahlumela (amadevu) ezihlahleni zesibeletho. Izisekelo ezinhle yilezo ezisondele esihlahleni sikamama. Akusekho ngaphezulu kwezitolo ezintathu ezisele ekuhlafunweni, kuze kube izitolo ezi-5 zingashiywa, kepha kulokhu kuzothuthukiswa izimbili zokugcina kunalezo ezintathu zokuqala. Kuze kube amahlumela ama-5 ashiywe esihlahleni esisodwa se-uterine, ngalinye linama-rosette amathathu. Ukusuka esihlahleni esisodwa thola izingcezu eziyi-15 zezindawo ezakhiwe kahle.

Njengoba ama-rosette avela ocibisheni, ahlala kumhlabathi omanzi, i.e. izimpande ezincane zijula enhlabathini. Ngokushesha ungatshala izisekelo ezimbizeni ezincane zezakhi, kuyilapho izimbiza zijule zingena emhlabathini.

Awukwazi ukhule ama-rosette namajikijolo emhlathini wesibeletho ngasikhathi sinye, ngakho-ke, ama-peduncle okuqala avelayo ayasuswa. Izithombo ezingcono kakhulu zitholakala ezihlahleni zonyaka wesibili wokuhluma.

Inhlabathi ingcono kancane i-acid pH = 5-6, ikakhulukazi inhlabathi enenkani ne-sandy loamy equkethe i-humus nezakhi. Inhlabathi ebandayo ebandayo ngaphandle kokutshala ayifanele. Emhlabathini onomswakama onamanzi asondelene komhlaba, ama-sitrobheli kufanele atshalwe emibhedeni ephezulu. Emhlabathini onesihlabathi, ama-sitrobheli, njengomthetho, anika isivuno esiphansi ngamajikijolo amancane, ngoba kuhlale kunokuntuleka komswakama kanye nesitshalo se-sitrobheli kule nhlabathi sizizwa sicindezelwe. Ngakho-ke, ngokutshala ama-sitrobheli, ingadi itshalwa ezinyangeni ezi-1-2 ngaphambi kokutshala.

Imibhede yezandla

Amabhuloho asezindaweni eziphansi, kanye nalapho kusondele khona amanzi asemhlabathini, enza okungenani ukuphakama okungama-30-35 cm. Ezindaweni ezomile, ama-ridges awaphakeme, 8-10 cm, ngaphandle kwama-ridges. Ububanzi bemihubhe bungama-90-100 cm. Kufakwa ibhakede lomquba lokudunga kanye nebhakede le-peat ngomhlabathi othambile, bese kuthi ibhakede lomhlabathi olunodaka, ubhontshisi kanye no-humus kanye ne-3-4 kg yomhlabathi we-sawdust kufakwe enhlabathini enesihlabathi.

Emhlabathini wenhlabathi wengeza ama-10 kg esihlabathi kanye nama-6 kg odund humus, naphezu kwenhlabathi yobumba ama-12 kg esihlabathi, ama-10 kg of humus noma komquba no-5 kg wesigamu se-ripened isigamu.

Kumanyolo wamaminerali ngemitha elilodwa lesikwele, engeza izipuni ezimbili ze-nitrophosphate noma i-ROST-1. Uma senza imibhede ekwindla, khona-ke sifaka ezinye izingilazi ezimbili zikafulawa we-dolomite nengilazi eyodwa yomlotha wezinkuni, futhi uma imibhede iphekwe entwasahlobo, ngaphezu kwe-nitrofoska noma i-ROST-1, kufakwa ingxenye eyodwa yamalitha (0.5 l) yomlotha wezinkuni.

Asifaki umanyolo nge-chlorine ngaphansi kwama-sitrobheli, ngoba i-chlorine iyingozi kuma-sitrobheli.

Ufulawa weDolomite noma ezinye izinto ezinakekela izingane zingafakwa ngaphansi kwama-sitrobheli kuphela ekwindla hhayi entwasahlobo, ngoba ufulawa we-dolomite noma i-fluffy lime ine-calcium ekwakhiweni kwayo, okuthinta kabi ukukhula kwezitshalo, uma zethulwa ngokushesha ngaphambi kokutshala.

Umbhede wembiwa kuze kufike ekujuleni okungama-30-35 cm, ngenkathi ubhoboza yonke imikhaza, ukhula (ukolweni, umphimbo, ukhuni), futhi ususe izibungu zebhungane likaMay nozibungu ophuzi wewww. Ngemuva kokumba, siqondisa umbhede bese sifafaza ngengqimba encane (kuze kufike ku-2 cm) isihlabathi esibunjiwe, ngaphandle kwalokho ama-slgs, iminenke, ama-centipedes azoba nokukhula okuningi, ngoba lezi zinambuzane zanda ngokushesha enhlabathini enomswakama, nesihlabathi some ngokushesha, sishise futhi lokhu kubathinta kabi. .

Imigqa elungiselelwe ukutshala ama-sitrobheli ekwindla noma entwasahlobo ingasetshenziswa ngaphambi kokutshala ama-sitrobheli wokutshala izilimo ezilandelayo: wonke amasaladi anamaqabunga, isipinashi, ugaxekile, dill, iklabishi, i-kohlrabi. Ngaphambi kokutshala ama-sitrobheli, umbhede kufanele ukhululwe nge-pitchfork, idwetshwe, igxunyekwe kalula, ithelwe ngesilinganiso samalitha ayi-10 ngemitha yesikwele futhi iphathwe nesixazululo se-zethusi sulfate (izipuni ezimbili ze-sulfate yethusi zixutshwe namalitha ayi-10 amanzi) nokunisela umbhede ngesilinganiso se-1,0-1, Amalitha ama-5 ngesikwere ngasinye.

Ukufakelwa

Usuku lokufika oluhle kakhulu ehlobo, kusukela ngoJulayi 20-25. Ukutshala kwenziwa ngesimo sezulu esinamafu noma kusihlwa, ukuze izitshalo zikwazi ukwengeza ebusuku. Izithombo zitshaliwe (izisekelo) ezinamaqabunga ama-3-4, inhliziyo ekhule kahle nenqubo yezimpande. Izithombo zihlukaniswa esihlahleni se-uterine futhi zimbiwa ngenqwaba encane yomswakama yomhlaba ngokushesha ezitshalwe engadini. Uma izithombo zithengwa ngaphandle, zigezwa ngohlelo lwezimpande kusisombululo esilandelayo. Thatha izipuni ezintathu kasawoti etafuleni kanye nethisipuni elilodwa le-sulfate yethusi bese uvinjelwe ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi bese ugxiliswa kulesi sixazululo sokuphuma kwemizuzu engu-10-15. Ngemuva kwalokho ziyasuswa futhi zihlanzwa ngamanzi ahlanzekile bese izithombo ziba nezimpande ezihlanziwe ezihlanziwe.

Ngemuva kwalokhu kwelashwa, izithombo zitshalwa embhedeni. Lapho utshala noma yiziphi izithombo zama-sitrobheli, awunakujula noma uphakamise inhliziyo, uma kungenjalo kwesinye isikhathi siyabuna, kwesinye, ngokwemvelo, siyoma.

Lapho utshala, udinga ukusabalalisa izimpande kahle, uqiniseke ukuthi azigoqi. Noma kanjena: indundulu ithululelwa emgodini bese kubekwa izithombo phezu kwayo, isabalalisa izimpande kuyo ngokucophelela futhi ifafazwe ngomhlabathi omanzi.

Ngemuva kokutshala, indawo okuthengwa ngayo isithonjana masisha idinga ukuthulula kalula kuthelevishini encane ngokufafaza.

Izithombo ezitshalwe kahle zizokwakha isihlahla esihle ebusika, esizonika esivinini ngokweqile. Ngonyaka olandelayo (ehlobo) kulezi ezihlahleni sithola isivuno esihle - ama-sitrobheni omnyaka wokuqala wezithelo.

Ezinhlotsheni zokuqala zokuqala naphakathi, zokutshala ngonyaka wokuqala zenziwa uqweqwe, i.e. phakathi kwemigqa 60 cm, emugqeni 15 cm. Ngokutshala okunjalo okuqinile ngonyaka wokuqala we-fruiting, ama-sitrobheli anika isivuno esikhulu ngenxa yokuqina. Lapho nje isivuno sokugcina samajikijolo sesiphelile, kususwe yonke ihlathi lesibili, bese isihlahla esihlahleni sihlala embhedeni ulandelana ngebanga elingama-30 cm.

Kwezinhlobo ezifike sekwephuzile, iphethini yokutshala ngonyaka wokuqala iphakathi kwamarowu angama-60 cm, ngokulandelana - isitshalo esitshalweni esingu-20 cm. Ngemuva kokuqoqa isivuno sokuqala sasehlobo, umzuzwana ngamunye uyakhishwa, futhi isitshalo siyohlala silandelana ukusuka esitshalweni kude ne-40 cm.

Ngonyaka wokuqala we-fruiting, ama-sitrobheli anika isivuno esihle ngenxa yokuqina emigqeni. Ngonyaka wesibili we-fruiting, isivuno se-sitrobheli sithathwa njengephezulu kakhulu nangamajikijolo amakhulu. Ngonyaka wesithathu, isivuno asinciphi, kepha amajikijolo ancanyana ngosayizi. Ngonyaka wesine kunokuwohloka kwesivuno bese amajikijolo achotshozwa. Ngakho-ke, ngemuva konyaka wesithathu wokukhiqiza izithelo, ama-sitrobheli asuswa, i.e. bambe futhi bashise yonke i-aerial kanye nezimpande izinhlelo.

Ukunakekelwa

Izithombo ezitshalwe embhedeni zimbozwe ngamaphepha aqinile ezinsuku ezimbili zokuqala, bese usuku nosuku, izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngosuku, ziyathelwa kusuka kumanzi wokufafaza ngokufafaza amalitha angama-2-3 ngemitha skwele ngeviki, ukuze izithombo zamukelwe kahle. Esikhathini esizayo, sinisele kanye njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-6-7, esimweni sezulu esishisayo, sinisela kaningi, ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-4-5 ngesilinganiso samalitha angama-8-10 ngesentimitha ngasinye. Uma kuvela ukhula lwezimbali olulodwa ezitshalweni, ziyasuswa.

Ngenkathi ka-Agasti, benza ukukhululwa kwenhlabathi kube ngu-5 cm. Ngo-Okthoba, umbhede onama-plantings ufakiwe (ufafazwe) ngesendlalelo esingafika ku-5-6 cm kangcono nge-peat noma ngesihlahla sezinkuni. NgoNovemba, amboze nge amahlumela ngesithombo segatsha lama-spruce ukugcina iqhwa embhedeni. Emaqandeni okuqala (minus 8-10 ° С), ama-sitrobheli kufanele ambozwe ngesendlalelo seqhwa aze afike ku-10-12 cm.