AmaGrikhi asendulo ayekholelwa ukuthi isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi isitshalo esidla ubhedu, okuyisiphuzo esiphuzela uthando. Isiphuzo somlingo ngejusi ye-celery saphuzwa nguTristan no-Isolde, othandweni lwabo lubanjwa ngezinganekwane.
Izinhlobo zaseleni zasendle zikhula ogwini lweMedithera. Zaba yisisekelo sokuncishiswa kwamaGrikhi amafomu okuqala okutshaliwe alesi sitshalo, esivele singamaqembu amabili - izinongo zezinongo kanye nemifino. Ngize eRussia ngesikhathi sikaCatherine II futhi namuhla azikho ipulazi elinjalo noma kuphi lapho okungenani kwakhiwa khona izinhlobo zezilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi engadini: iqabunga, i-petiole noma izimpande.
Okuqukethwe
- Incazelo kaCelery
- Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali khekheleni
- Izici zokuphulukisa isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi
- Ukukhula I-Root Celery
- Izithombo ezikhulayo
- Ukulungiselela imbewu
- Ukulungiselela kwenhlabathi yezithombo
- Ukuhlwanyela imbewu yezithombo
- Ukunakekela izithombo
- Ukutshala izithombo ze-celery emhlabathini ovulekile
- Ukulungiselela umhlaba ovulekile
- Ukunakekelwa Kwempande KaCelery
- Ukunisela
- Ukugqoka okuphezulu
- Ukuvikelwa ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni
- Ukuvuna nokugcina
- Ukuphoqelela izitshalo zezimpande kumakhambi amasha
- Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Root Celery
Impande ye-Celery. © Juris EpicurusIncazelo kaCelery
UCelery isitshalo semifino seminyaka emibili, sisetshenziswa njengesithako sokunambitha izinongo zokudla nezitsha zenyama noma njengemifino ezimele yokulungiselela izifundo zokuqala, amajusi, iziphuzo. Njengesiko lokudla, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi besilokhu sisetshenziswa kusukela ngekhulu le-17, ngaphambi kwalokho kwakuhlotshiswa kakhulu imibhede yezimbali, kuthathwa njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa.
UCelery yisambulela esinobunzima bendiza eyenziwe kahle. Amacembe makhulu, acwebezelayo, aluhlaza okotshani ngombala, avela kuma-lobes ahlukahlukene angalingani. Ngonyaka wokuqala, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi sakha irosette yamaqabunga nezitshalo zezimpande (isitho sokugcina esingaphansi komhlaba) esiyindilinga noma isicaba esincane, esinempumulo noma isigaxa esimnyama, kuthi kwesesibili sikhipha i-peduncle enama-umbrellas abo aqukethe imbewu enephunga elithile. Izimbali ezingama-Celery eziqhakaza ngoJuni - Julayi, izithelo ezimambuleni zivuthwa ngo-Agasti.
Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali khekheleni
Iphunga eliqinile lesiko linikeza uwoyela obalulekile oqukethwe kuzo zonke izitho zesitshalo. Ezimbewu, ukuhlushwa kwayo kungama-5-6%. Izimpande ezingamaqabunga kanye namaqabunga aqukethe amavithamini "C", amaqembu "B", "K", "E", "PP", carotene. UCelery unama-acid angaphezu kuka-6 e-organic, kufaka phakathi ikhofi, i-sedan, i-oxalic, i-acetic ne-chlorogenic. Izici eziqinile zokubulala amagilebhisi zikanhlamvu zinika i-sedanolide, i-sedan, i-chlorogenic, ne-caffeic acid. Kuma-macronutrients, ama-potassium ama-430 mg /%, i-phosphorus ne-calcium, ngokulandelana, i-77 ne-72 mg /%. Kwezinto ezilandelwayo, izitho zezitshalo zifaka i-iron ebalulekile, i-manganese ne-zinc. Ucebile ngo-celery, ama-flavonoid nezinye izinto.
Impande ye-Celery. © hgtvIzici zokuphulukisa isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi
Ezikhathini zasendulo, bathi - isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi konga kusuka ekuguleni futhi kunezela amandla. Uthathwa njenge-aphrodisiac yemvelo enamandla. Abantu basebenzisela izifo zezinso, uhlelo lwezitho zofuzo, i-gout, njengendlela yokuhlanza igazi ezifweni zesikhumba. Amafutha kaCelery abalulekile angamenzeli omuhle wokulwa nokuvuvukala kwezifo ze-gastrointestinal. Ekhaya, kusanda kushiya amaqabunga womhlabathi noma ingxube yawo uwoyela we-sunflower ukusikeka, amanxeba okuhlanza nezilonda.
Ukukhula I-Root Celery
Izidingo zemvelo ezijwayelekile
Isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi kanye namasiko asehlobo anaphakade. Emhlabeni kunezinhlobo ezingama-20. Ngokwesiko, ikakhulukazi ama-3 atshalwa - iqabunga, i-petiole ne-tuber. Kubhekiswa ekumeni okubandayo. Ezimweni zemvelo kuhlala amaxhaphozi futhi anamanzi, ngakho-ke, lapho kutshalwa ekhaya, kudingeka kunikezwe ngokufanele umswakama. Isiko lidinga izindawo ezivulekile elangeni. Isikhathi sezitshalo zikakhokho esidliwayo sisukela ezinsukwini ezingama-190-210 futhi sikhula ngezithombo. Imbewu kaCelery etshalwa ezindaweni eziseningizimu, imvamisa yezinhlobo zokuqala.
Izithombo ezikhulayo
Ukulungiselela imbewu
Imbewu ye-Celery incane kakhulu, igcwele uwoyela obalulekile, ngakho-ke ihluma kancane, ngokushesha ilahlekelwe ukuqhuma kwayo. Kuzithombo, kungcono ukusebenzisa imbewu emisha. Ukusheshisa ukuphuma kwezithombo, imbewu ifakwe isigamu sehora emanzini ifudunyezwa ifike ku-50 ... + 53 ° С, bese izinsuku ezingama-2 zifudumele. Amanzi afudumele aguqulwa izikhathi ezingama-5-6 ngosuku. Imbewu evuvukele nokuqandayo ibekwa ethawula iphepha bese yomiswa ukuze igeleze.
Izithombo of celery. © Max ColemanUkulungiselela kwenhlabathi yezithombo
Ngokuhlwanyela imbewu, lungiselela ingxube yenhlabathi ye-vermicompost evuthiwe nesihlabathi 1: 1. Ungalungiselela inhlanganisela eyinkimbinkimbi kakhudlwana ye-peat, humus kanye ne-sod yomhlaba, uthathe uhlobo ngalunye, ngokulandelana, 6: 2: 1 ingxenye. Ingxube elungiselelwe isakazeke emabhokisini, idalwe, inyiswe. Izicubu ze-0.5 cm zinqunywa ngo-7 cm cm.
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu yezithombo
Imbewu ihlwanyelwa eminyakeni elishumi yesibili kaFebhuwari. Ukuhlwanyelwa kungenziwa ngezindlela ezi-2:
- hlwanyela kuma-grooves, ngaphambili axutshwe nesihlabathi esihle,
- noma, ngemuva kuka-2 cm, yenza umgodi omncane ngomentshisi, uphonsa imbewu engu-2-3 kuyo.
I-mulch enenhlanyelo ephezulu engu-0.5 cm ngesendlalelo somhlabathi. Ukuhlwanyelwa embozwe ifilimu, kulingisa abamba ukushisa. Ibhokisi lokuhlwanyelwa libekwe endaweni efudumele ku- + 18 ... + 22 * C. Ingxube yenhlabathi ihlala inyanywa nge-sprayer encane.
Ukunakekela izithombo
Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-12-16, kuvela amahlumela anobungane. Amabhokisi adluliselwa endaweni ekhanyayo futhi anciphisa amazinga okushisa abe ngu + 16-17 * C. Ngokunikezwa kwezithombo zezinsalela kanye nezinhlamvu ezincane, azithelwa amanzi emasontweni okuqala, kepha zifafazwe ngokucophelela nje. Kungenziwa kuvulandi ocwebezelayo noma kwenye indawo ekhanyayo enokushisa kwe- + 8 ... + 10 * C. Hhayi phansi. Ngokuncipha okukhulu kwezinga lokushisa elihle, izitshalo zakha umcibisholo ogelezayo futhi ngeke kube khona okuvunayo.
Esigabeni sokwakhiwa kwamaqabunga ama-2 athuthukile, izithombo zidonswa ezimbizeni ezihlukile noma kwezinye iziqukathi. Abalimi kaningi abanolwazi kakhulu musa ukukhetha, ukuze wephule uhlelo lwempande zezithombo.
Ukuvimbela ezifweni, ungafafaza izithombo ngesixazululo esikhanyayo se-pink potanganum permanganate, ukondle iKemira noma i-ammonia izikhathi ezi-1-2. Uma ingxube yenhlabathi ilungiswe kahle futhi inele ngokwanele ngamanyolo, khona-ke izithombo azondli. Izithombo zitshalwa unomphela eneminyaka eyi-55-60 yezinsuku. Isitshalo sinamaqabunga angama-4-6 kanye nohlelo lwezimpande olwakhiwe.
Impande ye-Celery. © ukudansaUkutshala izithombo ze-celery emhlabathini ovulekile
Izithombo zezilimo eziyizigaxa ezitshalwe ngaphambi kweminyaka eyishumi kaMeyi. Izimbangela ezinhle ze-celery zingama-nightshade, iklabishi, ama-beet, ukhukhamba, i-zucchini, ithanga. Izinhlobo zokuqala zingatshalwa ngokulandelana ngemuva kwama-radishes, amasaladi, u-anyanisi ezimpaphe nakwezinye izilimo zokuqala zivunwa.
Ukulungiselela umhlaba ovulekile
Isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi sidinga inhlabathi evundile, evulekile. Ayibekezeleli umanyolo omusha we-organic, ngakho-ke itshalwa ngemuva kwabanduleli abathole umquba noma ezinye izinto eziphilayo. Inhlabathi ekhanyayo imbiwa kusukela ekwindla iye ku-25-30 cm ukubhukuda okunzima entwasahlobo. Uma kunesidingo, yenza amabhakede ama-0.5 we-humus noma umquba ovuthiwe kanye nemithamo engu-2/3 yamafutha we-phosphorus-potassium. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, i-20-40 g ne-10-15 g kwisikwere ngasinye. m isikwele. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, kusulwa kakhulu. Ngaphansi kokulengiswa kokuqala kokuhlwanyelwa kwesibili, wonke umanyolo wamaminerali ungezelelwa enhlabathini - 10 g we-phosphorus kanye no-5 g we-potash nge-1 sq. m. Esikhundleni sokuswelwa kwentwasahlobo-kwentwasahlobo yama-tuks amaminerali, kungenzeka ukwethula i-30-50 g / sq. m womanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi - nitrofoski, azofoski, kemira nabanye.
Amaphethini okufakelwa okujwayelekile noma itheyiphu ejwayelekile engu-2-3. Izithombo zitshalwa emva kuka-25-30 cm, ukuze izihlahla ezikhulayo zingangaboni ngamehlo. Ngokufika okuvamile, amasentimitha angama-50-60 wesikhala asele. Njengoba kunesikhala seteyipu kwitheyipu, inamasentimitha angama-30 no-25 cm.Ukutshala, iphuzu lokukhula kwesitshalo lihlala ngaphezulu.
Ukunakekelwa Kwempande KaCelery
Ukunisela
Ukunisela kwenziwa masonto onke. Inhlabathi kumele ihlale inomswakama. Ukunisela okungafanele kubangele ukuqhekeka kwesitshalo sezimpande, ukwakheka kwayo okumbi. Ngokuchelela ngokweqile engxenyeni engenhla yesitshalo sezimpande, kufihlwe emhlabathini, kwakheka izimpande ezingeziwe. Ngaphambi kokukhulisa, kufanele kusikwe ngommese obukhali ukuze kungalimazi isivuno ngokwaso. Uma le nqubo ikhishwe ngaphandle, khona-ke isitshalo sezimpande siyambozwa ngokuphelele ngezimpande, inyama izokhululeka.
Impande ye-Celery. © brookfordfarmUkugqoka okuphezulu
- Ukugqoka kokuqala okuphezulu kwenziwa emavikini angama-2-3 ngemuva kokudlulisa izithombo zokunisela. Ungondla nge-nitrofos, i-Kemira okunethezeka, udaka noma omunye umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi - 15-20 g / metre linear.
- Ukuthola izitshalo ezinempilo ezimpandeni ekugqokeni okuphezulu okungu-2 no-3, i-nitrogen ayethulwanga noma umthamo wayo awudluli ku-5-10 g / sq. m landings. Umanyolo wePotassium unikela ngenani elikhuphukile lama-25-30, kanye nomanyolo we-phosphate ongu-10-15 g / sq. m
Ukuvikelwa ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni
Ukuvikela isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni, kungasetjenziswa imikhiqizo ye-biological kuphela, ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali kungafakwanga.
UCelery uthinteka kubola obumhlophe, ukubola kwamagciwane, i-powdery hlobo, indawo enamaqabunga, isigaxa kanye ne-sclerotinia lapho kugcinwe khona izitshalo zezimpande. Ukulwa okukhulu kwezifo ukuhambisana nayo yonke imithetho ye-agrotechnical ngesikhathi sokukhula kanye nokugcinwa kwezitshalo ezimpande.
Ukufafaza okuvikelekile nge-biofungicides planriz, trichodermin, phytosporin, naseminyakeni ebandayo emanzi kusetshenziswa umkhiqizo we-biology phyto-udokotela, kuzovikela izitshalo ezinhlobonhlobo zezifo, ikakhulukazi uma zisetshenziselwa ukuxubana kwethangi. Izinga lokufafaza kanye namazinga okuhlonza kukhonjisiwe kuzincomo. Le mishanguzo ayinangozi kubantu, ezilwaneni nasezinambuzaneni.
Kwezinambuzane, impukane, isanqante seqabunga, izimpukane, isilonda esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, ama-aphid kanye nezimhlophe. Ama-bioinsecticides alandelayo asebenza kakhulu ekulawuleni izinambuzane ezingenhla: bitoxibacillin, verticillin, haupsin, boverin, phytoverm, lepidocide nabanye. Ukusetshenziswa kwabo okuhlangene ne-biofungicides ekuxubeni kwethangi kukhulisa ukusebenza kahle kwezilokazane nezifo.
Ungasebenzisa izixazululo zezitshalo ezinambuzane. Kepha, ukunakekelwa kumele kuthathwe. Izitshalo eziningi zinobuthi futhi azibulale izinambuzane kuphela. Zinobuthi kubantu.
Ukuvuna nokugcina
Izimpande zikaCelery zivunwa ekwindla sekwephuzile. Izitshalo ziyambiwa bese zikhishwa emhlabathini. Izitshalo ezenziwa impande zikhululwa ngokucophelela emhlabathini wokunamathela, ukusika izimpande namaqabunga ukuze kungalimazi isivuno sezimpande (kuzoqala ukubola ngokushesha). Izilimo eziyizimpande zigcinwa esihlabathini esingavuthiwe emiphongolweni nasemigodini yemifino. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele, izitshalo zezimpande zigcinwa izinyanga ezi-4,8.
U-celery odorous, noma amakha amakha, noma isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi (i-Apium tombolens). © I-Sandyfoot IpulaziUkuphoqelela izitshalo zezimpande kumakhambi amasha
Ukulungiselela izilimo zezimpande zesitoreji sasebusika, ezinye zazo zisetshenziselwa i-distillation zibe ngamakhambi amasha. Kuthathwa ama-tubers anesisindo esingaba ngu-250 g. Amaqabunga ezimpande zezitshalo anqunywa ngo-7 cm wesiqu sesihlahla. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-30-40 we-ziphuzo zazihluzo, ungasika amaqabunga aluhlaza ukuze usetshenziswe kabusha. Ngesikhathi sebusika-entwasahlobo kusuka kusitshalo ngasinye sezimpande kungenzeka ukufeza izikhathi ezingama-3-4 ukusikwa kwamaqabunga.
Ukuze kube yi-distillation, izilimo ezimpande zitshalwa ngokuqinile ezitsheni ezinamacala we-12-16 cm.Inhlabathi ezungeze izitshalo zezimpande ihlanganisiwe. Ukutshala kuniselwa ngendlela ehlelekile. Izinga lokushisa lasemini ligcinwa + 15 ... + 19 * С, futhi ebusuku + 10 ... + 12 * С. Lapho ukuphoqa ukugqoka okuphezulu akwenziwa.
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Root Celery
Ngokuya kwesikhathi sokuvuthwa, iselendeli lezimpande lihlukaniswe ngamaqembu ezinhlobo zokuqala, eziphakathi nez sekwephuzile.
- Izinhlobo zokuqala zazo zonke izifunda: i-Apple, Root Gribovsky, iDayimane, iCascade, iPrague enkulu.
- Amabanga aphakathi azo zonke izifunda: Strongman, Albin, Giant, Egor.
- Izinhlobo ezifika emuva kwesikhathi. Lapho sezikhulile, azesabi isithwathwa: u-Anita, Maxim.
OkweRussia maphakathi: I-Root Gribovsky, i-Golden Feather, i-Anita, i-Apple.
Ezifundeni zaseSiberia nase-Urals: I-Apple, Gribovsky, Anita, Strongman, Egor, Yesaul, usayizi waseRussia, Maxim.
