Uhlobo lokuthanda Adiantum (Adiantum) ifaka izinhlobo zezitshalo ezingaphezu kwamakhulu amabili. Bangabomndeni wakwaPetris. Kodwa-ke, kunezimo lapho lezi zitshalo zingabomndeni ohlukile obizwa ngokuthi yi-adiant.
Ezweni lakubo, le fern encane futhi enhle kakhulu ithanda ukukhula emijondolo yamadwala acwebile, ezindaweni ezihlukene zokugcina ezisezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba. Ngakho-ke, endle, lesi sitshalo sinokuhlangana eningizimu ye-Afrika, endaweni engaphansi kwe-Europe, eChina, eNyakatho Melika, ezintabeni zase-Asia, kanye naseNdiya.
Lesi sitshalo siyi-fern enhle kakhulu yangaphakathi. Amaqabunga e-Cirrus (vayi) ale mbali anobuhlakani obukhulu futhi acwebezelayo kancane. Cishe zonke izinhlobo ze-adiantum zinesakhiwo sazo samaqabunga amancane, futhi ziyehluka ngezinga lokuxakaniseka nosayizi wamaqabunga ngokwawo. Ingaphezulu lamahlamvu esiqiwi adiantum linezindawo ezibuyisa amanzi. Ngakho-ke, uma ithonsi lamanzi liwela phezu kweqabunga, khona-ke limane ligobhoze ngaphandle kokufakwa ngaphakathi kwalo. Ngezansi kwamaqabunga kukhona amabala ansundu (izilonda), okuyizindawo ezikhiqiza amabele.
Ekhaya, kuvame ukukhula kakhulu Izinwele ze-Adiantum Venus (Adiantum capillus-veneris). Izicucwana zamaqabunga awo zinemiphetho enezinhlangothi eziyindilinga. Lolu hlobo lwe-fern, noma kunalokho, izimpande zalo, lwalusetshenziswa kaningi ukulungisa izilinganiso ezivimba ukulahleka kwezinwele kwabesifazane futhi zizenze zikhule. Ziphinde zaphatha izifo ezahlukahlukene zesibindi futhi zalungisa umuthi wokulunywa yizinyoka ezinobuthi. Lesi sitshalo sibukeka njengobuthakathaka kangako, empeleni, siyakwazi ukumelana nokwehla okuqinile kwezinga lokushisa, kanye nomswakama ophansi ngokweqile. Kodwa-ke, uma i-adiantum ibekwe endaweni ebandayo futhi eyomile kakhulu isikhathi eside, khona-ke lokhu kuzoholela ekufeni kwayo okungenakugwenywa.
Ukukhula le fern ye-chic egumbini kulula ngokwanele. Udinga nje ukukhumbula imithetho elula yokumnakekela.
Njengamaferns amaningi, i-adiantum isithanda kakhulu isithunzi. Ngakho-ke, kuvame ukusetshenziswa ekudwebeni ekhoneni eliluhlaza efulethini. Yilokho kuphela, ngoba ezinye izitshalo ezidinga ilanga elikhanyayo zingayimboza le fern kusuka kuyo, futhi zinikeze umswakama ofanele. Le mbali ivame ukubekwa eduze kwezitshalo zokuhlobisa nezinqabile njenge-aglaonem ne-dieffenbachia. Amapheshana amancane e-adiantum agcizelela kahle ukubukeka nobuhle bamashidi ahlukahlukene ahlukahlukene nalezi zitshalo.
Nakekela i-adiantum ekhaya
Ukukhanyisa nokukhethwa kwendawo
Lesi sitshalo sithanda umthunzi, futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi uma ungavumeli imisebe yelanga iwele emaqabunga ayo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, bazothola ukushiswa bese baphenduka ophuzi. Kodwa-ke, ukuyibeka ekhoneni elimnyama kakhulu futhi akufanele kube, njengoba izolahlekelwa ngokushesha ngumphumela wayo wokuhlobisa lapho. Kungcono ukubeka le fern efasiteleni lewindows elisenyakatho noma empumalanga yegumbi. Futhi ingabekwa eduze kwewindi esitobhini. Khumbula ukuthi i-adiantum isabela ngokungemthetho endaweni ethile eya kwenye.
Imodi yokushisa
Izizwa imnandi ekushiseni kwama-degree angu-15-20. Kunconywa futhi ukuthi unikeze umehluko phakathi kokushisa kobusuku nemini. Ngakho-ke, ebusuku, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukupholisa, kepha kungcono ukungavumeli amazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu. I-adiantum ibekezelela ukushisa ezinyangeni zasehlobo kabi kakhulu.
Ungaphuzisa kanjani
Isikhathi sokuphiswa kwalesi sitshalo sihlala kusuka ngo-Okthoba kuya ku-Mashi. Ngalesi sikhathi, kudinga ukuniselwa isikhathi esisodwa kuphela ngeviki, kepha qiniseka ukuthi inhlabathi ayomile. Ehlobo, ukuchelela kufanele kube kaningi, noma kunalokho, izikhathi ezi-2 noma ezi-3 ngesonto. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa amanzi agcinwe kahle futhi athambile kahle. Uma umhlabathi umanzi ngokweqile, ukubola kungakhela ezimpandeni.
Umswakama
Kudingeka umswakama omkhulu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele kukhuliswe ngobuciko noma kubekwe i-fern eduze kwezinye izimbali ezithanda umswakama. Kuyadingeka ukufafaza amahlamvu kaningi ngamanzi afudumele futhi athambile.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
I-Adiantum kufanele idliswe ngokuhlelekile ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa isixazululo somanyolo we-organic noma wamaminerali. Ngenkathi kusuka kuSepthemba kuya kuFebhuwari, ukondla kufanele kumiswe. Njengoba lesi sitshalo sisebenzisana kabi nosawoti emhlabeni, kungakuhle ukuzilinganisela kumanyolo we-organic.
Izici Zokufakelwa
Ngokuyisisekelo, i-fern itshalwa kuphela uma kunesidingo, kepha ayenqatshelwe ukuyifaka njalo ngonyaka. Khetha imbiza yezimbali ibanzi xaxa kunangaphambili, futhi kufanele ibe yanele. Ugcwele umhlaba ophefumulayo nowokukhululeka. Qinisekisa ukuthi intamo ye-basal ikhuphuka okungenani ngaphezulu ngaphezu komhlaba wesigcawu.
Ingxube yomhlaba
Lesi sitshalo silungele inhlabathi evulekile, sicetshiswe nge-humus, futhi kufanele sibe ne-acidic kancane. Ukwakha ingxube yomhlabathi efanelekile, kuyadingeka ukuxuba ishidi nomhlabathi we-humus, isihlabathi kanye ne-peat ngokwesilinganiso se-1: 1: 1: 1. Kunconywa ukuthulula i-moss encane e-chopped, amagxolo noma amalahle ochotshoziwe engxube ephumeni.
Ungasakaza kanjani
I-Adiantum ingasakazwa ngama-spores noma ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla. Ekusakazweni kokutshala imifino, udinga ukusebenzisa ucezu lwezimpande ezinwabuzelayo, okumelwe zibe izinso ezi-2. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye ukufakelwa kwalesi sitshalo kwenziwa kangcono emavikini okuqala entwasahlobo, futhi ngisho nasekuqaleni kuka-Agasti, lapho izinhlamvu sezivuthiwe. Ukwahlukaniswa kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela, ngoba i-adiantum ibuthaka ngokwanele.
Ngama-spores, i-adiantum ivame ukusakazeka ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo nezindawo zokugcina izithombo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amahlumela amancane alesi sitshalo avela ngaphezu kwenhlabathi enomswakama. Ukuvuthwa kwama-spores kwenzeka ekupheleni kwehlobo, futhi umthamo wazo wokuhluma uphikelela iminyaka eminingi. I-Spores iqhuma, imvamisa ngamaviki ama-3-5. Ungakhulisa izitshalo ngale ndlela endaweni ebamba ukushisa okuncane uma ingaphezulu kwengxenye engaphansi ihlala inyumbile. Kodwa-ke, ukusakaza ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla kulula.
Izinambuzane
Ama-mealybugs noma amhlophe qwa angahlalwa. Khumbula ukuthi i-adiantum iphendula kabi kumakhemikhali.
Izinkinga ezingaba khona
- Amahlumela ayoma, amathiphu amaqabunga omile - umswakama ophansi, oshisayo.
- Amaqabunga aphuzi, ansundu - umhlabathi uyachichima emazingeni okushisa aphansi. Ukugoqa kungavela ohlelweni lwezimpande.
- Esimweni lapho ebusika at lokushisa ephakeme egumbini wonke amahlamvu asomile, I-Adiantum kufanele ihlelwe kabusha egumbini elipholile (ama-degrees angama-18-20) futhi i-moisturize ehleleke umhlaba. Amacembe amasha angakheka uma izimpande zisindile.
- Amahlamvu apenduka, aphenduke aphuzi futhi omile - Imisebe yelanga eqondile iwela phezu kwabo.
- Amagqabi aphenduka kakhulu aphuzi - Ukuchelela okuncane kakhulu noma imbali idinga ukugqoka okuphezulu.
