I-heather ejwayelekile iyisitshalo esihlala njalo somndeni womndeni we-heather. Isihlahla esihle kakhulu futhi esizithoba kakhulu. ISoutheast Asia ithathwa njengendawo okwakuzalelwa kuyo i-heather, ngoba yayivela lapho yaqala khona ukusabalala kwayo. Amahlathi aphayiningi futhi ahlanganisiwe, ukushiswa kwe-peat kanye nehlathi kuyizindawo lapho izihlahlana ze-heather zivame ukutholakala emvelweni. Amahlumela amaningi akha isihlahla se-heather ambozwe ngokubabazekayo ngamaqabunga amancanyana anombhoshongo onemibala ehlukene eluhlaza. Kepha ezinye izinhlobo ze-heather zinamaqabunga abomvu, obhedu, ophuzi, namahlamvu esiliva.
Izimbali ze-Heather zinezimbali ezingama-6-30 eziqoqwe kuma-inflorescence e-lilac, apinki, onsomi, umbala omhlophe noma ophuzi.
Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, ukutshala kwezitshalo kwenzeka kaningi ngembewu. Ezimweni zokuqothula amagatsha, isihlahla se-heather singaba nobubanzi bamamitha ayi-3 noma ngaphezulu. Isikhathi sokuphila se-heather sifinyelela eminyakeni engama-30 kuye kwengama-50, kodwa okokuqala siqhakaza sineminyaka emihlanu kuphela.
I-Heather isitshalo esihle kakhulu sezinyosi esidalwe impova yizinyosi, iminyovu, izimbungulu nezinye izinambuzane.
Itshalwa kuphi futhi nini?
UHeather uthole ukusetshenziswa kwawo okubanzi emacomeni enziwa amapaki amadolobha, iziza zasendlini kanye neziza zasengadini. Le shrub ihlangana kahle nezihlahla ezinde ezinde neziba mfushane ze-coniferous, kanye nama-ferns, izitshalo ezingama-berry kanye nezihlahla eziphansi ezinamandla. Ezingadini zasekhaya nasezivandeni zezingadi heather ubukeka emuhle kakhulu ngezimbali zezimbali namabhokisi okuhlobisa. Lapho isihlahlana sikhula emhlabathini ovulekile, sithatha emhlabathini kuphela inani lomswakama olidingayo ukuze kulondolozwe impilo ejwayelekile. Le mpahla yezitshalo ibizwa ngokuthi "ukoma ngokomzimba." UHeather naye ukhula kahle ekhaya njengeplant yendlu, isibonelo izinhlobo "Heather ebusika" kanye "heather hele."
Ukwakheka kwenhlabathi
UHeather ukhula kahle enhlabathini ene-acidic. Uma kunesidingo, i-acidity yenhlabathi ingancishiswa ngokungeza i-peat nesibabule enhlabathini noma ngokungeza i-citric acid, i-acetic acid noma i-oxalic acid emanzini okunisela. I-Heather ikhula kabi, futhi ingafa nokufa uma ikhule kunhlabathi ye-alkaline kanye nezinto eziphilayo ezisetshenziswa ngobuningi. Inhlabathi elungiselelwe kusuka ku-peat, isihlabathi, ukhuni lomhlabathi nenhlabathi ngesilinganiso esilandelayo kufanelekile ukutshala lesi shrub ngesilinganiso esilandelayo: 3: 1: 1: 1. Kungcono ukuthatha inhlabathi ngaphansi kwezihlahla ze-coniferous kusuka kumasentimitha amahlanu ngokujulile. Kunconyelwe futhi ukuthi kufakwe i-gramu yesibabule eyengeziwe cishe engu-80 kwinhlanganisela enjalo.
Ungayilungiselela kanjani indawo oyifunayo
Kungcono ukutshala indawo enelanga elangeni endaweni enamagquma noma kancane. Okokuqala, ingaphezulu lisuswa kusuka esizeni, khona-ke isiza esilungiselelwe kufanele sakhiwe futhi sithululelwe ngamanzi, lapho kuhlanganiswa khona uviniga we-apple cider. Ngebhakede lamanzi, amagremu ayi-100 kaviniga we-6% kwanele. Ngemuva kwalokho, beka inhlabathi elungiselelwe.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ama-heather bush akhula kakhulu ezindaweni ezihlotshwe kahle, ngenxa yokungabikho kwamakhowe alula ahlala nawo kwi-Symbiosis. I-mycelium engcolile yalawa isikhunta isiza uhlelo lwezimpande lwe-heather ukukhipha izakhi ezidingakalayo enhlabathini enqabile.
I-Lather heather emhlabathini ovulekile
UHeather akahlali kahle endaweni entsha, ngakho-ke kuyinto engathandeki ukufakelwa isihlahla. Futhi ngesizathu esifanayo, isikhathi eside, kungcono ukungahleleli indawo.
Ungasakaza isihlahla ngezindlela ezilandelayo:
- Kusetshenziswa ukugoba kwezimpande.
- Ukutshala izithombo.
- Rooting ukusikwa apical.
- Ngokuhlukanisa ama-rhizomes.
Ukugibela ngezigxobo
Ngale ndlela, udinga ukumba umgodi omncane eduze kwesihlahla. Khetha igatsha elifanelekile bese ulikhulula emaqabungeni, ushiye phezulu kuphela. Bopha igatsha bese ulungisa emgodini ingxenye yalo engenawo amaqabunga ngosizo lwe-hairpin eyenziwe ngesiqeshana sentambo. Futhi ingxenye yegatsha etholakala ngaphezu kwenhlabathi inyuka ngokucophelela ibheke phezulu futhi inamathele isikhonkwane esibambelele emhlabathini. Ngemuva kwalokhu, amanzi kufanele athululelwe emgodini afafazwe nomhlaba. Ngemuva kokukhula kwezimpawu, igatsha linganqunywa esihlahleni sikamama. Futhi ngonyaka olandelayo, bambe futhi utshale kwenye indawo.
UHeather unekhono lokukhiqiza kabusha ngamagajethi nangokuzimela phambi kwamagatsha agxilile. Uma ufafaza lawa magatsha ngenhlabathi, khona-ke ngonyaka olandelayo kungathengwa into ephelele yokutshala bese itshalwe endaweni elungiselelwe.
Ukutshala nge-apical cuttings
Ngale ndlela yokuzalela ngasekupheleni kwehlobo, sinqume amagatsha aqinisiwe we-heather. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi akufanele babe nezithombo eziqhakazayo. Hlanganisa izingxenye ezintathu z peat esitsheni sokutshala nengxenye eyodwa yesihlabathi. Sika izitshalo emhlabathini olungiselelwe, ngokunisela ngokulinganayo ngasikhathi sinye. Kabili ngenyanga, kunconywa ukwengeza urea namaminerali emanzini wokunisela okusikiwe okutshaliwe. Izinga lokushisa elilungile lokugcina okusikiwe lokushisa lingamazinga ayi-18.
Ukutshala izithombo
Izithombo ezicijile emhlabathini ovulekile zikhetha ukutshala entwasahlobo, kepha kungenzeka ukwenza lokhu ekwindla. Kunconywa ukuthenga izithombo kwizithombo ezikhethekile, lapho zithengiswa khona ezitsheni ezikhethekile. Ukuze uthole izithombo ezithengiwe, zonke izimpande ziqoqwe ngesixha, ngakho-ke lapho utshala zonke izimpande kufanele ziqondiswe ngokucophelela. Uma lokhu kunganakwa, khona-ke lesi sitshalo singafa ngokuzayo.
UHeather utshalwe emgodini obanzi, kodwa ongashoni. Okokuqala, uthele amanzi emgodini olungiselelwe, bese ubeka isithombo bese uyingcwaba kuze kufike lapho intamo yezimpande itholakala khona.
Emva kwalokhu, inhlabathi kumele ihlanganiswe ngesandla iphinde iniselwe futhi. Lapho-ke kuyalulekwa ukumboza inhlabathi ezungeze lesi yisithombo nge sawdust, peat, futhi mhlawumbe nge-sliver yezihlahla ze-coniferous.
Ukuze ususe i-heather yomswakama ngokweqile, kubalulekile ukuhlela ukukhishwa kwenhlabathi yobumba. Ukuze wenze lokhu, phansi komgodi wokutshala kufanele kumbozwe ngamatshe amatshe, izitini ezihlanganisiwe noma amatshe ngo-2-3 cm.
Ukutshala iRhizome
Lokhu kwenziwa kangcono kakhulu ekugcineni kuka-Agasti. Okokuqala, isihlahla sikhishwa ngokucophelela emhlabathini. Ngaso leso sikhathi, zonke iziqu ezindala ezifayo ziyasuswa, bese kuthi, impande ihlukaniswe izingxenye eziningi. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukuthi uqinisekise ukuthi amahlumela amasha asengxenyeni ngayinye ehlukanisiwe. Izimpande ezihlukaniswe amahlumela zitshalwa zodwa futhi ziniselwa kahle. Ngemuva kwalokhu, inhlabathi ezungeze izimpande ezitshaliwe kumele imbozwe nge-sawdust, i-peat noma i-coniferous chips.
Kungenzeka ukukhulisa iheather kusuka ezinhlanyelweni, kepha lokhu kuyinqubo ende futhi enzima, ngakho-ke, abalimi abaningi bathenga izithombo ezikulungele ukutshala.
Ukunakekelwa Kwangaphandle Heather
Ukuqinisekisa ukunakekelwa okuphelele kwesitshalo futhi kungabandakanyi ukukhula kwaso okunezifo kanye nezifo, kunconywa ukusebenzisa umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wamaminerali ngonyaka ukondla i-heather.
Ukugcina ukubukeka kwensimu kusesimweni esihle, futhi kuvikele ukuncipha kwenhlabathi, kubalulekile ukuhlanza njalo ingadi yokhula.
Ukuze isihlahla sibe mnene futhi sibukeke sihle, ekwindla noma entwasahlobo, kuze kube ukuqhakaza, kubalulekile ukunqamula amagatsha awo aphezulu ngamasentimitha ayi-5. Amabhasi kufanele ancitshwe ukuze agcine ukubukeka kwawo “kungelasici”, ngoba izihlahla zinecici kahle kakhulu ungabukeki uthandeka kakhulu.
UHeather kunzima kakhulu ukudlulela eziqandeni ezinzima. Ngakho-ke, ukuze uvimbele ukuqandeka kwamanzi amile nokuqandeka kwesitshalo, kufanele sikhule emhlabathini onamanzi.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Umswakama okhuphukile wenhlabathi nomoya kufaka isandla ekunqotshweni kwezihlahla ze-heather nge-blight sekwephuzile, okuyisifo sokukhunta. Lesi sifo siveza iqiniso lokuthi lesi sitshalo siwela amahlamvu, kuvela inhlanganisela engwevu iziqu kanye namahlumela. Amahlumela, amaningi asemncane, ancike phansi afe. Ukwelapha ngokuphelele lesi sitshalo, wonke amagatsha athinteka ngenxa yokulimala sekwephuzile ayasikwa, futhi isihlahla empeleni sifafazwe ngesisombululo esingu-1% se-sulfate yethusi. Izindlela zokwelapha ezintathu kufanele zenziwe ngezikhathi zezinsuku eziyi-10. Ukuze uvimbele, kungakuhle ukuthi ukwenze ukwelashwa ekwindla nasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo.
Uma kwenzeka kuba nesifo se-heather ngesikhunta se-powdery, amaqabunga kanye namahlumela alesi simila ambozwe amabala nokuqhakaza okumpunga okukhanyayo, kubenze bome. Ngokumelene ne-powdery hlobo, kunconywa ukufafaza ngezidakamizwa eziqukethe isibabule noma ithusi. Isibonelo, iTopaz, Fundazol, Bayleton, Topsin, nabanye.
Ama-Heather bush awavame ukuthinteka kakhulu ngamagciwane. Kepha uma lokhu kusenzeka, lapho-ke ukuvela nokuvela kwezimbali nezimbali kuyavela. Ukufaka ngaphandle ukusakazeka kokutheleleka ngegciwane, lawo mabhasi kufanele abiwe futhi ashiswe.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukuba khona kwamanzi amile enhlabathini, ukweqisa kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nomanyolo wezimbiwa nakho kungaholela kwisifo sezitshalo futhi kubangele ukuqothuka kwamahlamvu amancane kanye nokuvela kwamaqabunga. Ngalesi sizathu, kungcono ukhethe isiza esifanelekayo sokutshala i-heather kwenye indawo.
Isikali, isiphuzo esincancisayo esivela emaqabungeni esitshalo, yisona inkathazo esiyinhloko samakhasi e-heather. Ukususa inkathazo, kusetshenziswa isixazululo sensipho ngokufakwa kwama-insecticides kuyo, ngobubanzi besenzo.
