Imifino eyintandokazi kakhulu futhi evamile ezweni - utamatisi, upelepele, ukhukhamba. Abafuyi nezazi zezolimo zezolimo banikela ngezindlela ezingenamkhawulo zezindlela zokubakhulisa, kepha esikhathini esiningi bonke badinga ukutshalwa kwezimali isikhathi, umsebenzi kanye nemali. Iphupho lanoma yimuphi umlimi ukuthola isivuno esiphezulu semifino ngentengo ephansi kakhulu ngenkathi efudumele. Ingabe bukhona ubuchwepheshe obunje "obunomnotho", noma ingabe umuntu ngamunye ukhetha / aqamba / athuthukise amasu okususa isivuno esikhulu semifino yemvelo enempilo, esezingeni eliphakeme kuze kube sekwindla sekwephuzile? Impendulo ecacile inguyebo! Usebenzisa amathiphu awusizo kusuka kubalimi abanolwazi noma amaqhinga akho asekhaya, ungakhulisa izithombo ezisezingeni eliphakeme ngaphandle kwezinkathazo nezindleko eziphakeme ezibonakalayo.
Ikhukhamba izithombo1. Ukulungiselela imbewu yokutshala
Ukuze wonge isikhathi nasezigabeni zokuqala ukuze uthole izithombo ezinobungane, ungaphatha imbewu ngezinkuthazo zokukhula kwezithombo. Ukulungiselela okunjalo kufaka usawoti we-potassium wama-humic acid, oqhubeka uthengiswa ngaphansi kwegama elithi "Energene Aqua". Umuthi wenziwa ngezinto ezingokwemvelo zokusetshenziswa, kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe obukhethekile futhi buyonga kakhulu ukusebenzisa. Lapho kufakwa endaweni yesisombululo se-Engena, kukhula amandla nokukhula kwembewu kabili. Leli khwalithi yokulungiselela libaluleke kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma sekwephuze (ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene), ukuhlwanyela imbewu encane kakhulu (isibonelo, imbewu) uhlelo lwezimpande olusengozini kalula (ukhukhamba).
Lapho usebenzisa izithuthukisi zokukhula, izithombo ziyavela ngaphandle kokuba nezithombo nezithombo ezinde ezinde. Umuthi uvusa ukukhula nokukhula, uvikela izitshalo ezintweni ezimbi lapho unisela futhi ufafaza izitshalo ngesikhathi sokukhula. Isikhuthazi semvelo "i-Energene Aqua" sifaka izakhi zokulandela umkhondo nezinye izinto ezifaka isandla ekuqongeleleni amavithamini nezinye izinto eziwusizo emifino, zikhuphule umkhiqizo ngo-30-40% futhi zisheshise nokuvuthwa kwemikhiqizo emavikini angama-1-2. Isithuthukisi sokukhula kwe-seedling "i-Energene Aqua" asisetshenziswa kuphela emifino, kepha nakwezinye izilimo (imbali, ingadi, i-berry).
Ezifundeni ezinezikhathi ezifudumele ezimfishane, utamatisi ophakathi naphakathi sekwephuzile ukhula kuphela emagumbini okugcina izithombo ngokuhlwanyela ngqo emhlabathini noma ngezithombo. Ezindaweni ezibandayo zaseRussia, kwenziwa izilimo zembewu, okunciphisa isikhathi sokuhluma, kwandise amandla wokuhluma. Le nqubo ingathathelwa indawo ukwelashwa nge-stimulator yokukhula kwezithombo ze-Energen Aqua. Lapho ukutshala endaweni evulekile, ukwelashwa kwezitshalo ezine-enegengen kuzothuthukisa ukumelana kwazo nezimo zezulu ezingezinhle.
Ezinhlanyelweni ezincane (i-petunias), i-vernalization ithathelwa indawo ngokutshala ngaphansi kweqhwa. Ngaphansi kweqhwa, imbewu yenziwa minerals (inqubo edingekayo yembewu) namanzi ancibilikisiwe idonswa engxenyeni efanelekile emhlabathini. Amahlumela anobungane, avele ngosuku lwe-4 - 5. Le ndlela yokuhlwaywa isetshenziswa futhi kwezinye izilimo ezinembewu encane (i-lobelia, ama-sitrobheli). Lapho kungekho iqhwa, izilimo ezinhlamvu ezincane zihlwanyelwa phezu kwenhlabathi ziphathwe ngesivuseleli sokukhula "i-Energene Aqua", bese sifafazwa nsuku zonke ngokusebenzisa izifutho zembewu nge-strainer enhle kakhulu nsuku zonke kuze kube ukuqhuma. Inkungu yokufafaza ingene esikhundleni seqhwa bese idonsela imbewu enhlabathini emanzi.
Isikhuthazi semvelo "I-Energene Aqua"2. Ukuhlwanyela izithombo
Ukuhlwanyelwa kwembewu kungenziwa kunoma yisiphi isitsha esilungiselelwe: ngamathreyi amancane (ngamapulangwe, kusuka kumakhadibhodi), iziqukathi zokufika zepulasitiki, izinkomishi zepulasitiki kanye nezikhonkwane. Isitsha somhlabathi sihlanganiswe kancane, sifafazwe endaweni emanzi kakhulu, kepha hhayi emanzi, bese imbewu ibekwa phezulu noma nge-recess eyi-0.5-1.0 cm ngokusebenzisa ngo-4-5 cm ngendlela ejwayelekile. Phakathi kwemigqa shiya amabanga afinyelela ku-5 cm. Kuyinto engenangqondo ukuhlwanyela imbewu izinkomishi ezihlukile zezimbewu eziyi-1-2, bese ubeka iziqukathile esitsheni esivamile. Kuyinto elula ngokwengeziwe ukudala izimo ezifanayo nokunakekela izithombo.
Uhlelo lwezimpande lwamakhukhamba alukubekezeleli ukufakelwa, ngakho-ke nangendlela yokutshala kungcono ukubakhulisa ezitsheni ezihlukile noma ezitsheni ezinamaseli ahlukile. Izitshalo ezinhlanyelwa ezincane zingatshalwa zibe ngama-rolls, khona-ke amahlumela amancane ngeke ahlukaniswe lapho akhula aba yibhola linye.
Nakani! Izithombo ezikhulelwe emabhodweni we-peat nakumakhasethi epulasitiki empeleni aziguli ngomlenze omnyama.
Izithombo ezitshalwe kumakhasethi nasezimbizeni azidingi ukukha, okuthi zikhulisa isikhathi sokutshala ngezinsuku ezimbalwa. Indlela engakhethi yezithombo ezikhulayo ikuvumela ukuba uthole izithombo ezinempilo, ayikhulisi isikhathi sokukhula kwayo.
3. "Ugogo" indlela yokukhulisa izithombo ezingenamkhawulo zezinhlobo zamatamatisi aphezulu
Abalimi abaningi bakhetha ukutshala izinhlobo zamatamatisi ezintsha eziphakathi nendawo futhi ezifika sekwephuzile ukuze zisetshenziswe okusha. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zinezithelo ezinkulu ezinamanzi, iphunga le-utamatisi elikhethekile, nezithelo eziphezulu. Banesikhathi eside sokukhiqiza. Kepha lezi zinhlobo zide, zifinyelela kumamitha ayi-2 - 3 ukuphakama. Ukunciphisa ukuphakama kwabo, khulisa utamatisi ngaphezulu kwe-squat, izazi zisebenzisa indlela elandelayo:
- imbewu yokuhlwanyelwa yenziwa ngenyanga eyi-1 eyayinconyelwe phambilini ngezinhlobo ezinjalo; lokhu kungenxa yesikhathi se-midzi ka-wokusika okusikiwe;
- izitshalo ngokushesha zimbozwa ngefilimu bese zidluliselwa endaweni efudumele;
- inhlabathi igcinwa ihlale inomswakama (ingamanzi) ngokufafaza ngasesibhamu sokufafaza, futhi izinga lokushisa lingaphakathi + 24 ... + 26ºС; uma inhlabathi imanzi idinga ukoma ngokushesha: phakamisa futhi usule ifilimu, ufafaze inhlabathi ngensimbi emincane yesihlabathi esomile noma isigaxa sikakhukhunathi; kusebenza ukwengeza i-hydrogel ekwakhiweni kwengxube yezithombo zezithombo, ezizothatha bese kancane kancane zinikeze umswakama ngokweqile ezitshalweni;
- ngezithombo ezinkulu, izinga lokushisa liyancipha phakathi nosuku kuya ku + 16 ... + 18ºС, futhi ebusuku + 12 ... + 14ºС izinsuku ezingama-5-7;
- izithombo kufanele zikhanyiselwe amahora angama-2-3 ekuseni nakusihlwa ngama-phytolamp noma zikhulise ukukhanya kokukhanya ngesibuko se-foil sokudla; Indlela ka “gogo” ikhawulela ukukhula kwezitshalo bese kuthi emva kwalokho amabhulashi okuqala akheke ezingeni le-10-15 cm ukusuka ezingeni lomhlabathi (hhayi u-70-80 cm); isivuno esiphelele asincishisiwe;
Lapho izithombo zifinyelela ukuphakama okungu-15-20 cm nokwakheka kwamaqabunga ayi-2 kuye kwayi-4 amaqabunga eqiniso, izithombo zincitshiswa ngaphansi kwamaqabunga e-cotyledon, zishiya isiqu esincane. Izithombo ezinciphile, ngaphambi kokufakelwa ezitsheni ezilungiselelwe, ziyehliselwa kwisisombululo se-midzi noma ngokushesha ezitshalwe esitsheni esithile (mhlawumbe esisodwa ebhodweni lokuhlanza). Ukulungisa isisombululo se-ejensi ye-midzi, kusetshenziswa i-“Cornerost” noma i-Indolyl-3-acetic acid yokulungiselela.
Isitshalo esisikiwe singcwatshwa emhlabathini siba ngamaqabunga e-cotyledon. Kuzungeze lesi sitshalo, inhlabathi igxotshwa ngobumnene, iniselwa ngesisombululo se-ejenti ye-rooting futhi imbozwe ngaphezulu ngengilazi yepulasitiki (ungafaka ingilazi) ukudala umphumela wokugcina ukushisa. Le nqubo akuyona okokuqothula, lapho isithombo esinohlelo lwempande sitshalwe ngokuphelele.
Ukutshala kususwa ngokushesha endaweni emnyama noma kumbozwe ngezinto ezimnyama futhi kugcinwe kumazinga okushisa we- + 22 ... + 24ºС izinsuku ezintathu. Ngemuva kwalokho i-blackout iyasuswa, iziqukathi ezinezithombo zisethelwe endaweni ekhanyayo futhi izinga lokushisa liyancishiswa libe ngu + 18 ... + 20 ° C phakathi nosuku, kuze kube ngu- + 14 ... + 16 ° C ebusuku.
Izitshalo ezicindezelekile ngeke ziqale ukukhula masinyane. Isikhathi esithile, uhlelo lwezimpande luzokhula, futhi yilapho kuphela lapho izitshalo ezinezimpande ziqala ukukhula. Isiqu siqala ukuqina, amaqabunga amadala akhula ngosayizi bese kuba amasha. Isivuno sezithombo singama-75%.
Ama-stimulators wokukhula kwezimpande zezithombo ezitshalwe ekhaya zinomthelela ekutshaleni kwezimpawu ngokushesha nokukhululwa kwezithombo ezinempilo. I-Kornerost yezidakamizwa iyatholakala ngesimo samaphilisi noma amaphilisi we-0,1 g, ancibilikisa emanzini okushisa kwegumbi ngemizuzu engu-2-3. Ukulungiselela isixazululo esisebenzayo seKornerost yezithombo zezitamatisi, upelepele omnandi, ukhukhamba, ikhebula / ithebhulethi eyodwa 2 kumalitha amanzi kwanele. Ngaphansi kwesitshalo esitshaliwe, uthele 1 isipuni sekhambi elisebenzayo. Lapho unisela izithombo, ukusetshenziswa kwe-Cornerost ekhuthaza izithombo kungu-2 l wesisombululo esisebenzayo nge-1 sq. m isikwele. Ukunisela inhlabathi ezungeze izitshalo akuqali ngaphambi kwesonto ngemuva kokutshala. Ukunakekelwa kokutshala okuqhubekayo kujwayelekile, ukutshala endaweni ehlala njalo kwenziwa ngokwesikhathi nangesikhathi sezithombo.
Isishukumisi sokukhula kwengcambu "Corneros"ICornerost inezakhiwo ezilandelayo:
- ivuselela ukwakheka kwezimpande katamatisi, upelepele obumnandi, ukhukhamba neminye imifino, imbali nezithelo zezitshalo,
- kuthuthukisa ukusinda ngesikhathi sokukhetha nokuxhunyelelwa,
- kwandisa ukungatheleleki kwezifo zokukhunta kanye namagciwane,
- kwenyusa umkhiqizo futhi isheshise nokuvuthwa kwayo.
IKornerost, enjengoEnergen Aqua, iyaphumelela ekuhlwanyeleni nasekunakekeleni izithombo hhayi utamatisi nopelepele nje kuphela, kodwa futhi nangamakhukhamba nezilimo ezinhlamvu ezincane. Ukucubungula imbewu, ukufafaza izithombo (uma kunesidingo) nokunisela izithombo, izithombo zabantu abadala nezitshalo, ukucwilisa noma ukuthambisa izimpande zezithelo nezithombo zomhluzi kushesha kakhulu ukwakheka kwezimpande, kuthuthukisa ukusinda, futhi kunciphise izehlakalo zezitshalo. Ukusetshenziswa kwamalungiselelo weCornerost ne-Energen Aqua kuzonciphisa kakhulu isikhathi nezindleko zokuhlwanyela nokunakekela izitshalo ezahlukahlukene zensimu nezimbali.
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