Ngo-1804, usosayensi waseJalimane uValentin Rosa wahlukanisa “into eyingqayizivele” ezimpandeni ze-Elecampane high. Le nto ibizwa ngokuthi inulin, egameni lesiLatini le-elecampane - Inula (Inula). Emithini yesimanjemanje, phakathi kwabathandi bokudla okunempilo kanye nendlela yokuphila enempilo, i-inulin inesilinganiso esibanzi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kufanelekile ukuqaphela ukuthi esikhathini eside ngaphambi kokutholakala kwe-inulin, i-elecampane yathathwa njengokwelapha futhi isetshenziswa odokotela kusukela ngesikhathi seHippocrates, Dioscorides, Pliny. Masisazi lesi sitshalo esithandekayo eduze.
Elecampane, noma Umbala ophuzi (Inula) - uhlobo lwezitshalo ezingamaqanda omndeni wakwa-Asteraceae (Asteraceae), lukhula eYurophu, e-Asia nase-Afrika. Ngezokwelapha, i-Elecampane (Inula helenium) isetshenziswa kakhulu - uhlobo olujwayelekile lohlobo.
Elecampane mude (Inula helenium).
Incazelo ye-Elecampane High
I-Elecampane mude - umuthi ongapheli kuze kube ngu-100-150 cm mude, womndeni ka-aster (I-Asteracea).
I-rhizome ye-elecampane iminyene, inamanzi, futhi izimpande eziningi ze-branching zanda. Isiqu sithathwa ngokude, sinenwele ezimfushane. Amaqabunga makhulu, ane-elliptical ne-ovate-lanceolate, azwakala ngaphansi ngaphansi, acishe angenalutho kusuka phezulu. Izimbali ziphuzi, ziqoqwe kubhasikidi ezinkulu ezincane ezingama-7-8 cm ubukhulu, zakha amabhulashi noma izihlangu ezingandile. Izithelo yi-brown prismatic achene 3-5 mm ubude. Izimbali eziqhakaza ziba mude ngoJulayi-Septhemba. Izithelo zivuthwa ngo-Agasti no-Okthoba.
I-Elecampane ikhula phezulu osebeni lwemifula, amachibi, izihlahla ezimanzi, phakathi kwezihlahlana, amahlathi aqinile. Sisatshalaliswe engxenyeni yaseYurophu ye-USSR yangaphambili, iSiberia eseNtshonalanga, iCaucasus neCentral Asia.
Emkhakheni wokudla, i-elecampane isetshenziswa ekwenziweni kwe-confectionery neziphuzo. Embonini yotshwala, i-elecampane rhizomes isetshenziselwa ukunambitha newayini le-tinting. I-Elecampane uwoyela obalulekile oqukethwe ezimpandeni kanye ne-rhizome isetshenziselwa ukunambitha izinhlanzi, imikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu nokudla kugxila, nayo inezinto ezibulala amagciwane, ikakhulukazi izakhi ze-fungicidal (antifungal).
Izinhlobo zeNgadi ze-Elecampane eziphakeme zisetshenziselwa ukutshala nokuhlobisa izindawo ezimanzi emapaki, amapaki amahlathi, umgwaqo omkhulu nojantshi.
Amagama athandwayo we-elecampane: i-oman, amandla ayisishiyagalolunye, i-sunflower yasendle, i-divosil.
Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kwe-elecampane ephezulu
Ama-rhizomes nezimpande zesitshalo aqukethe i-inulin (aze afike ku-44%) namanye ama-polysaccharides, izinto ezibabayo, uwoyela obalulekile (kuze kufinyelele ku-4,5%), ama-saponins, ama-resin, i-gum, i-mucus, inani elincane le-alkaloids, ne-gelenin. Ukwakheka kwe-elecampane kawoyela obalulekile kufaka i-alantolactone (proazulene, gelenin), ama-resin, i-mucus, i-dihydroalantolactone, i-Fridelin, i-stigmaster, i-phytomelan, i-pectins, i-wax, i-gum, uvithamini E.
Amafutha abalulekile (aze afike ku-3%), i-ascorbic acid, i-vitamin E atholakala otshanini be-elecampane; ama-flavonoids, amavithamini (ascorbic acid, tocopherol), izinto ezibabayo, ama-tannins (9.3%), ama-lactones, i-fumaric, i-acetic, i-propionic acid atholakala emaqabungeni; ezinhlanyelweni - amafutha angaphezu kwama-20%.
Izimpande ze-elecampane.
Izinto zokwelapha ezingavuthiwe
Ngenhloso yezokwelapha, izimpande ze-elecampane ziyasetshenziswa. Aqoqwe ekwindla, ngoSepthemba noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngoMashi.
Izinto ezingemuva zibonakaliswa yizinkomba ezilandelayo: izingcezu zezimpande zihlukaniswa kakhulu ngobude, bezimo ezahlukahlukene. Izingcezu zama-rhizomes ubude obungu-2-20 cm, obukhulu obungu-cm cm, bungwevu onsundu ngaphandle, ngaphakathi bumephunga elimhlophe, linephunga elimnandi elikhethekile, iphunga elimnandi, elimnandi, elivuthayo. Umswakama wezinto zokusetshenziswa akufanele udlule i-13%.
Kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa ezinye izinhlobo ze-elecampane:
- I-elecampane inkulu, noma inkulu (i-Inula grandis) kuhlu lwesimanje ivelele njenge-East elecampane (Inula orientalis);
- I-Elecampane enhle (i-Inula magnifica);
- Elecampane laseBrithani (Inula britannica).
Elecampane laseBrithani (Inula britannica).
Elecampane orientalis (Inula orientalis).
I-Elecampane enhle (Inula magnifica).
Izici zokwelapha ze-elecampane
Amalungiselelo avela kuma-rhizomes e-Elecampane ephezulu abe nomphumela wokulinda nokuvuvukala, athuthukise isifiso sokudla, anciphise ukuhamba kwamathumbu, futhi anciphise ukukhululeka kwejusi esiswini. Kukholelwa ukuthi into esemqoka yezinto eziphilayo ye-elecampane yi-alantolactone ne-concomitant terpenoids. Umuthi wendabuko, ngaphezu kwalokho, uphawula umphumela we-diuretic ne-anthelmintic.
Amalungiselelo asuka ezimpandeni ezintsha kanye nama-rhizomes e-elecampane asetshenziswa ku-homeopathy. Emithini yesintu yasekhaya neyangaphandle, ama-tincture kanye nezinto ezikhipha ama-rhizomes asetshenziselwa ngomlomo umalaleveva, i-edema, i-urolithiasis, i-migraine; ama-decoctions njenge-expectorant yokukhwehlela ukukhwehlela, isifuba somoya, isithuthwane, njenge-hemostatic, diuretic, i-agent elwa nokuvuvukala yezifo zesikhumba, i-tachycardia. I-tincture yempande entsha ye-elecampane ewayinini (imbobo kanye nama-cahors) yayisetshenziselwa i-hypoacid gastritis.
Emithini yesimanjemanje, i-elecampane isetshenziswa njengesilindelo sezifo ezingamahlalakhona zepheshana lokuphefumula: i-bronchitis, tracheitis, isifo sofuba kanye ne-bronchitis ngokufihla okukhulu kwe-mucus. Abanye ababhali bakhombisa ukuthi i-elecampane iyikhambi elihle le-gastroenteritis, yesifo sohudo semvelaphi engatheleleki.
Elecampane mude (Inula helenium).
Ukulungiselela i-Elecampane
Ukunaka! Sikukhumbuza ukuthi ukuzelapha kungaba yingozi empilweni yakho. Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa izitshalo zokwelapha, qiniseka ukuthi uthintana nodokotela.
Ijusi le-Elecampane elihlanganiswe noju 1: 1 lungasetshenziselwa ukukhwehlela kanye nesifuba somoya (brashchial asthma).
Isinqumo se-rhizome nezimpande ze-elecampane. Isipuni sezimpande ezichotshoziwe kanye nama-rhizomes e-elecampane athululelwa ingilazi yamanzi, alethwe ngamathumba, abilisiwe imizuzu engu-10-15, aqandiswe futhi aphuzwe ngokufudumele isipuni ngemuva kwamahora ama-2 njenge-expectorant lapho ekhwehlela.
